The ability to create everything you need. Human abilities. Levels of ability development: diagnostics, development. Other methods for diagnosing the level of development of abilities

All people have a huge creative potential! How to awaken the creative abilities of a person? Learn 5 Easy Techniques That Will Help You Succeed!

What is human creativity?

Human evolution is possible only with the use of the creative potential of consciousness¹. It is creativity that helps people create something new.

The process of creativity is of great importance from the point of view of the work of our body, and from the point of view of esotericism, and from the point of view of everyone's life.

To better understand the “mechanics” of creating a new solution, you need to know that human thinking is based on neural interaction.

Scientists estimate that our brain consists of about 100 billion neurons; Each neuron exchanges electrical energy and information with each other. Together they create neural networks of certain "patterns", that is, thoughts. This happens all the time, new neural networks appear every second - with the help of this we can think.

Human creativity is associated with the right hemisphere of the brain.

While the left hemisphere is logical: the processes in it move along given, previously known networks, it is the right hemisphere that is able to come up with a new solution: it was the amazing activity of the right hemisphere that distinguished many geniuses!

It turns out that in order to attract success into your life, a person needs to activate creative abilities, that is, activate creative thinking. This brings quite obvious benefits to everyone's life!

All people initially have the same creative potential². But over the years, the ability to think creatively fades.

Scientists have studied how the creative abilities of a person are manifested in different ages. The results of these studies confirmed that people become more conservative with age.

The following proportions of atypical responses were derived depending on age:

• children under 5 years of age during testing gave 90% of extraordinary answers;
• the share of new responses in children at the age of seven decreased to 20%;
• the cumulative share of extraordinary responses in adults is about 2%. Instead of new solutions, they respond with memorized phrases.

Important tricks for developing creativity!

Although they disappear with age, there are several tricks to restore the brain's ability to generate new solutions.

1. You need to create a comfortable environment for yourself at home, at work, in the car.

People who are forced to be in uncomfortable conditions are prone to stress, apathy, which drowns out the creative abilities of a person.

It is useful to pay attention to details: for inner comfort, sometimes a new beautiful screen saver on the computer, a couple of flowerpots with flowers or a photo of a loved one on the desk is enough.

Most importantly, don't forget to always come up with something new! A person gets used to everything, and for this from time to time you need to make new details in your interior. Like attracts like: new positive things stimulate the brain to create new ideas and thoughts!

2. To restore creativity, communication is necessary: ​​people exchange information during contacts with each other.

Try to meet new people as often as possible. So you will receive more new information. The brain is constantly analyzing data, and based on the new, it creates a new one! It is very useful at every opportunity to communicate with interesting, creative personalities.

3. Often the limits of an adult limit the creative thinking of a person. We can say that he himself forbids himself to think in a new way.

To restore creative abilities, it is recommended to take an example from children: do not be afraid to look for new solutions where everything, it would seem, has already been invented by “smart people”.

You can play like a child: set a task. find a new solution for some issue in your life: imagine, fantasize, try to think outside the usual framework. When a new thought is found and accepted by the mind as suitable, we can assume that you have achieved success. To reward yourself, you can go outside and buy yourself something delicious! Praise yourself!

4. The right hemisphere, which is responsible for the creative abilities of a person, is connected with the information field of the Universe - it is from there that it takes new solutions.

You need to learn to listen to your inner voice, intuition³. Don't Ignore Intuitive Hints!

On our site you can find many effective techniques for developing intuition and psychic abilities.

5. You need to activate critical thinking, increase your awareness.

Instead of meekly accepting what is happening as a given, it is recommended to analyze, ask more “why” questions, reflect: this encourages the brain to create new neural networks.

Notes and feature articles for a deeper understanding of the material

¹ Consciousness is the state of a person's mental life, expressed in the subjective experience of the events of the external world and the life of the individual himself, as well as in the report on these events (

Topic number 9. Society as an integral self-developing system.

1. Basic concepts of society as a system

System- an ordered set of interconnected and interacting elements (for example, the solar system, the state, the company, but not the items in the bag)

Structure- a relatively stable set of links between the elements of the system.

Society is a special complexly organized system, which has a much more complex structure and organization than the rest of nature.

At the same time, individual parts create society as a single system with special properties that its individual parts do not have.

Society as system (whole organism) characterized by the following properties:

Self-organization - the ability to self-organize

Self-development - the ability to self-development

Self-sufficiency - autonomy of existence and development.

self-sufficiency - the ability of the system by its own activity to create and recreate everything the necessary conditions own existence, to produce everything necessary for collective life.

At the same time, self-sufficiency is characteristic only for societies in general, while self-organization and self-development can also be present in individual parts of society!

In addition, the parts of the social system are not only interconnected, but also mutually penetrate into each other (for example, economics and politics).

2. Social (public) activity and its structure.

Elements, types (kinds).

All the infinite variety of phenomena of public (social) life is essentially only one or anothertype of joint activity (O.Kont).

Thus, human activity is basis of all social(of all processes in society).

Social (public) activity- is a specifically human form of people's active attitude to the world around, its content is the purposeful development and transformation of this world.

The simplest manifestation of activity is social action(influence of the subject in relation to the object).

The activity includes 4 elements.

Mainelements social activities:

1. person (people);

2. physical things;

3. symbols;

4. connections between them.

1. Human(s). They are subject of activity(i.e., the active side), which is directed to certain objects.

2 things, acting as activity objects by means of which man alters the environment in order to adapt it to his various needs.

Things are divided into two groups:

Tools and means material production (mechanisms, machines);

guns spiritual production (pencil, pen, typewriter and especially a computer(!).

Besides,object activities (except things) can bethe people themselves if the action of a person as a subject is directed at them.

3. Symbols: sign language, sound and written speech, information (on paper and electronic media, books, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, disks, graphics, pictures, banknotes, etc.).

They provide purposefulness and consistency of human activity.

If physical things directly serve a person to adapt him to the surrounding reality, then symbols greatly facilitate this process of adaptation for a person.

4. M multiple and sustainable connections and relationships between the above factors of social activity. They form real social activity. outside these links of activity itself cannot exist.

Maintypes (kinds ) social activities

So there are 4element human activity: people, things, symbols, connections between them. The implementation of any type of joint activity of people without them is impossible.

Allocate4 main type (kind) of social activity:

The main types of social activities:

material production;

Spiritual activity (production)

Regulatory activity

Social activity (in the narrow sense of the word)

1. Material production- creates practical means of activity that are used in all its types. Lets people physically transform natural and social reality. Here everything is created for everyday people's lives (housing, food, clothing, etc.).

However, one cannot speak ofabsolutization the role of material production in social activity. The role is constantly growinginformation resources. ATpost-industrial society is growing rapidlythe role of culture and science, transition from the production of goods to the service sector. Therefore, the role of material production will gradually decline.

2. Spiritual production (activity)- produces not things, but ideas, images, values ​​(pictures, books, etc.).

In the process of spiritual activity, a person learns the world around him, its diversity and essence, develops a system of value ideas, determining the meaning (value) of certain phenomena.

"Mumu", L. Tolstoy "Vanya and plums", sausage in the toilet.

Its role is constantly growing.

3. Regulatory activities- the activities of administrators, managers, politicians.

It aims to ensure consistency and order in the various areas public life.

4. Social activities(in the narrow sense of the word) - activities for the direct service of people. This is the activity of a doctor, teacher, artist, service workers, recreation, tourism.

Creates conditions for preserving the activity and life of people.

These four basic types of activity exist in any society and form basis spheres of public life.

The designer must have certain knowledge, skills and design skills, which should be aimed at creating a specific design. Ultimately, the created structure must meet all the requirements that were imposed on it at the beginning of the design. In addition, the designer must have qualities that contribute to the creative process.

Knowledge is a system of concepts learned by a person. The volume and quality of knowledge required by a designer are determined by his qualification characteristics and are divided into two groups.

The first group includes general knowledge that is necessary for the design of any machines. This includes the whole complex of polytechnical knowledge that underlies the qualification of an engineer: for example, strength of materials, theoretical mechanics, machine parts, metal science, etc.

The second group includes special knowledge associated with the specific operating conditions of the designed machine. This includes knowledge of the technological, design and operational features of the industry to which the new product belongs.

When designing machines and equipment for the food industry, for example, it is required to know the techniques and devices for ensuring hygienic requirements for manufactured products; when designing aircraft - techniques for ensuring minimum weight and maximum reliability, etc. In addition, it is required to know the main typical designs of the industry that characterize the current level of technology and directions for future development. This group of knowledge also includes knowledge of the specific possibilities of production that manufactures a new product.

If the general knowledge of a design engineer is universal and can be applied in any industry, then special knowledge is lost when moving to work in another industry and other design organizations. In this case, the retraining of the designer is required, corresponding to the new working conditions.

Design skills and abilities are based on knowledge and are formed in the process of practical activity. Knowledge and understanding of their business, the correct methodology for its implementation allow the designer to acquire those personality traits that lead to mastery and success. Skill is the ability, in the process of purposeful activity, to perform its constituent particular actions automatically, without specially directed attention to them. Skill is the ability of a person to perform his work productively, with due quality and at the appropriate time.

After designing certain parts of machines, mechanisms and products, when they are repeated, the designer usually copes with his tasks much faster and with less mental stress. Thus, knowledge, skills and ability contribute to the design process. However, in addition to these qualities, the designer must have certain professional abilities that are revealed in the design process and contribute to the successful creation of new machines. Professional abilities are a set of rather persistent, although, of course, changing under the influence of education of individual psychological qualities of a person's personality. For the designer, the following professional abilities are most important.

technical thinking- the ability to use the whole complex of polytechnical knowledge to understand the essence of technical systems and quick orientation in all technical issues. Developed technical thinking allows you to quickly understand the principle of operation of previously unknown machines and its individual components and mechanisms, navigate in general scheme and in the interaction of parts of the structure. Technical thinking allows you to perceive any machine as a synthesis of functional units, determine its purpose and find the causes of malfunctions.

Spatial imagination plays an important role in the work of the designer. The ability of spatial imagination allows you to make and read drawings. The simplest case of using spatial imagination is the compilation of orthogonal projections of a real spatial product. A designer solves a similar problem when drawing up drawings of parts of operating machines for repair work and restoration of worn out and failed parts. In the process of designing new products, the designer makes drawings of parts and assemblies that do not really exist, but are imagined by him. The imagination of a complex machine, mechanism and assembly that are located in space requires constant training and some experience. The designer must imagine the coordinates of the location of these mechanisms and assemblies and their kinematic and design relationships. Often mistakes are made in the design of the machine, related

with the lack of space for the extreme positions of the mechanisms or the lack of the possibility of assembling parts and mechanisms inside cramped cases. These errors are caused by a lack of spatial imagination.

Spatial imagination is necessary for reading drawings, when from flat projections it is required to imagine a spatial body with all the features of its structure and shape. Like any ability, spatial imagination can be improved by a person through practice. This is achieved by solving problems of descriptive geometry and studying drawings of various designs. As practice shows, not all people can develop spatial imagination to the degree necessary for a designer, therefore, checking for spatial imagination is a limiting test in determining the professional suitability of designers.

Creativity allows the designer to create new, original machines. Solving the problem, the designer can go in two ways: 1) apply the known standard solutions, generally accepted schemes; 2) solve the problem creatively, strive to perform all the elements of the structure in a new way, in a peculiar way. These areas determine the work of a designer, on the one hand, as a technical worker who performs pre-developed technical schemes, and on the other hand, as a creative worker creating new designs at an inventive level.

The predominance of creative abilities among designers is often caused not only by the amount of acquired knowledge and accumulated experience, but also by the peculiarity of the personality. Such workers are especially valuable for the development terms of reference and in the initial stages of design or in cases where the task requires an innovative, non-standard solution. However, creative individuals least of all take into account real conditions and restrictions. Appreciating the theoretical and aesthetic aspects, they do not always take into account the economic and social ones. They work with enthusiasm at the stage of creating design principles, in solving the fundamental issues of development. When these issues are basically resolved, their interest in them sharply decreases. If designers with a bright creative personality have to deal with issues of design work that are of a routine nature, they are carried out carelessly, negligently. As a result, the design may turn out to be of poor quality, inoperable, despite its originality and progressive design.

The lack of bright creative abilities does not mean at all that the designer cannot develop products. With knowledge of the typical structural elements of machines, standards and design methods, he can develop a new technique of medium complexity and work under the control of a more capable specialist. The bulk of the work of the designer can not be called creative. The development of working documentation is painstaking work, in which constructors-executors are most valued. In addition to the considered abilities, which allow assessing the business qualities and creative potential of the designer, there are a number of characteristics of a creative person that affect the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the work performed.

Ingenuity is one of the types of creative abilities, it is the ability to create new technical solutions that are useful in each specific case. Ingenuity is facilitated by a sense of the new, directed work towards a fundamentally new solution to the problem. Inventiveness is especially highly effective in combination with the creative activity of the worker.

Willingness to accept the new, unusual - the ability to analyze, select and use the new in development, not be afraid to abandon old, familiar technical solutions.

there is formal and sometimes unreasonable criticism from the developer's managers.

The speed of the thought process ensures the productivity of mental activity.

Flexibility of thinking characterizes the productive switching of the thought process to other problems and at the same time does not prejudice previously resolved issues.

Ability to direct attention to solve major problems. Attention - the direction of mental activity in a certain direction, associated with the work performed. The more interest is shown in the work performed, the less effort is required to focus on it.

The ability to observe- the ability to pay attention to what is associated with the achievement of the goal. Identification of the main, essential in the object of research, evaluation of its usefulness makes it possible to develop technical solutions based on them and apply these observations in new developments.

Developed professional memory, its large capacity, allows you to quickly solve design problems. In the economical use of memory, the organization of the memorization process is important. To unload memory, it is advisable to use file cabinets of interesting solutions, make data records, sketches of layouts, design solutions, and diagrams.

Ability to conduct engineering analysis means the ability to break down a structure element by element into separate parts, a process into separate operations and movements for their detailed study. Engineering analysis allows you to evaluate options and compare them.

Maturity of judgments- the ability to think logically, make sound decisions. The maturity of judgments is characterized by the ability to see the perspective and correctly use the data obtained.

Ability to make decisions- skillfully use the results of engineering analysis and choose a design with optimal performance.

Having your own point of view- developing a habit in all issues that one has to face, to create one's own version or one's own assessment of the issue, even when the situation does not require it. The developed point of view should be based on objective data.

Table 7.1 Signs that determine the creative contribution of the designer

The ability to express one's thoughts correctly and clear in both written and oral form. This is due to the ability to logical generalizations, the ability to take the necessary notes and take part in discussions, as well as report on the results of their work.

Constructor initiative speaks of the ability to force oneself to work and refuse easy ways to solve problems if this entails a deterioration in quality. The initiative is evidenced by the fact that in order to create a better design of the product, the designer solves issues that are not covered by the terms of reference.

Ready for hard work speaks of the ability of the designer to give his all to solving a certain issue. Willingness to work develops into a propensity to work, to enthusiasm. This willingness contributes to the solution of all issues to the end.

broad outlook a designer means that he has fundamental knowledge not only in his specialization, but also in many issues related to this specialization. As a rule, a wide range of interests provides a broad outlook.

Discipline characterizes the accuracy of the guidance instructions carried out by the designer, his diligence and diligence. The criteria for determining the creative contribution of designers in the development are signs (Table 7.1).

Section 1, chapter 1. Society. Topic 2. // Society as a complex dynamic system. Option 1.

Choice questions

1. The main subsystems of society include:

1) the state; 2) religion; 3) economics; 4) the class of entrepreneurs.

2. A social institution is:

3. The main political institution is

1) the institution of a multi-party system; 3) the institute of presidential plenipotentiaries

2) the institution of the judiciary; 4) the institution of the state.

4. Are the following judgments about society as a system correct?

A. Society as a system is characterized by self-sufficiency

B. Society as a system is characterized by self-governance

1) only A is true; 3) both judgments are true;

2) only B is true; 4) both judgments are wrong.

Short answer questions.

Section 1, chapter 1. Society. Topic 2. // Society as a complex dynamic system. Option 2.

Choice questions

1. The features of society as a system do not include:

1) the presence of many levels, subsystems, elements. 3) alternative development;

2) completeness, linearity of development; 4) the presence of elements of different quality.

2. Social institution is:

1) the totality of all types of transformative activity, as well as its result, including the transformation of the person himself;

2) a historically established, stable form of organizing joint activities of people who perform certain functions in society, the main of which is the satisfaction of social needs;

3) the way a person relates to the outside world, which consists in transforming and subordinating it to the goals of a person;

4) relatively stable links between social groups, peoples, states and other associations of people arising in different areas human activity.

3. In political life In our country, the institution of parliamentarism arose. What function of society as a system does given example?

1) integration; 2) adaptation; 3) goal achievement; 4) maintaining the sample.

4. Are the following judgments about the relationship between the spheres of public life correct?

A. The correlation of spheres of public life is characterized by their independence from each other.

B. The relationship between the spheres of public life is characterized by their complex interrelations and mutual influence.

1) only A is true; 3) both judgments are true;

2) only B is true; 4) both judgments are wrong.

5. Are the following judgments about social institutions correct?

A. Social institutions make connections between people random and chaotic.

B. Social institutions bring together large masses of people to meet a particular need.

1) only A is true; 3) both judgments are true;

2) only B is true; 4) both judgments are wrong.

6. In country K. political system society hinders the development of the economy. This example illustrates:

1) cyclicality as the basis for the existence of society;

2) the complex structure of the main spheres of society;

3) constant change in social life;

4) correlation of spheres of public life.

Short answer questions.

Write down the word missing in the fragment of the table.

Establish a correspondence between social institutions and their types:

Find the key institutions in terms of the organization of society in the list below:

power, 2) forensic examination; 3) property; 4) plant; 5) twinning; 6) family.

Section 1, chapter 1. Society. Topic 2. // Society as a complex dynamic system

Option 1.

Choice questions

Short answer questions.

1. self-sufficiency

Option 2.

Choice questions

Short answer questions.

1. self-sufficiency