Kim social studies 8. Areas of public life
KIM materials on social studies
in 8th grade (FSES)
Explanatory note
KIM in social studies are compiled in accordance with regulatory documents
Social Studies program. Subject line of textbooks edited by L.N. Bogolyubova. grades 5-9 - M.: Prosveshchenie, 2014;
Textbook Social Studies. 8th grade edited by academician L.N. Bogolyubova, L.F. Ivanova - M.: Education, 2015
Evaluation criteria
The maximum number of points for the test is18 points.
Part I: 1 point for each correct answer, maximum 10 points.
Part II: Tasks Done CorrectlyIN 1, is assessed 2 points , according to the following principle: 2 points – no errors, 1 point – one mistake was made, 0 points – two or more mistakes were made. The maximum number is 2 points.
Part III: 2 points for each complete answer. The maximum number is 6 points.
OPTION 1
A1. Which example illustrates the influence of nature on human activities?
disaster relief
river pollution with industrial waste
planting trees and shrubs in a vacant lot
administrative restrictions on deer hunting
A2. Anton is a cheerful, sociable person, always ready to help his many friends. All this characterizes Anton as
individual
citizen
personality
professional
A3. What is characteristic of a command economic system?
variety of forms of ownership
freedom of entrepreneurship
dominance of agriculture
centralized pricing
A4. From April to October, the population of the coastal region Z is employed in the service sector for tourists vacationing on the sea coast. There are not enough workers, so we have to attract workers from neighboring regions. However, between November and March, there is significant unemployment among the local population. What type of unemployment is in region Z?
stagnant
structural
temporary
seasonal
A5. A. works as a teacher. In addition to lessons, she organizes holidays, quizzes, excursions, and hikes with her students. A. spends a lot of time communicating with the parents of his students. A. is manifested in his actions
social role
social conflict
social structure
social politics
A6. What is characteristic of society traditional type?
dominance of agriculture in the economy
high level industrial development
spread of computer technology
intensive development of science and technology
A7. Citizen A. discovered that a box of yogurt, which previously cost 15 rubles, increased in price to 20, and a month later - to 30 rubles. The same thing happened with other goods and services, and their quality did not improve. What economic phenomenon did citizen A. encounter?
competition
inflation
overproduction
unemployment
A8. Are the following statements about economic systems true?
A. The traditional economic system is characterized by a high level of development of commodity-money relations.
B. A command economic system involves directive distribution of factors of production.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
A9. Which of the following social groups is distinguished based on economic characteristics?
Muscovites
engineers
Muslims
landowners
A10. Are the following judgments about social status correct?
A. Social status is a person’s position in society, which gives him rights and responsibilities.
B. People acquire all social statuses from birth.
1) only A is correct
2) only B1 is true
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
IN 1. Establish a correspondence between examples of a social group and the characteristic by which it is distinguished. For each position given in the first column, match the position from the second column.
Examples of social groups Signs of identifying social groups
A) bank employees 1) territorial
B) Petersburgers 2) professional
B) voters 3) political
D) Africans
D) democrats
Part 3
A commodity is a product of labor produced for the purpose of exchange for other products of labor or money on the market. Goods can be tangible or intangible. A material product is any thing: a car, shoes, bread, a refrigerator, etc. An intangible product is, as a rule, a service or some useful activity: mediation, insurance, communication services, medical services, etc. .
The existence of a product is associated with the sequential passage of four stages. First, the product must be produced. Production is the process of creating material and intangible goods necessary to satisfy any social needs.
The next stage is distribution. As a rule, many participants are involved in the production of each product. This means that it is necessary to determine the share of each participant in the created product. In modern society, distribution is most often carried out according to the costs and results of labor or according to the capital invested in production.
The hired worker, having completed the work, receives wages. The better he performs the task assigned to him, the more products he produces, the higher his wages. This is the distribution of labor costs and results.
On the other hand, the owner of the company may not work in his own company. But the profit that the company brings belongs to its owner, since the company was created with his money. This is how the distribution of invested capital is carried out.
The third stage of the movement of goods is exchange. For the purpose of exchange, a product is transferred to the market, where it acquires two important properties: the ability to satisfy any human needs, to be useful to the buyer, that is, to have use value; the ability to be exchanged for another product or money in a certain quantitative ratio, that is, to have exchange value.
The final stage is consumption, that is, the use of goods to satisfy needs.
When purchasing a product for personal consumption, the buyer determines its value based on its usefulness. The benefit a product will bring to its buyer determines the amount the buyer is willing to pay for it.
(Based on materials from the encyclopedia for schoolchildren)
C1
C2
C3 The text states that “when purchasing a product for personal consumption, the buyer determines its value based on its utility.” Do you agree with this opinion? Based on the text and social science knowledge, give two arguments (explanations) in defense of your position.
SOCIAL KNOWLEDGE TEST 8TH GRADE
OPTION 2
A1. The totality is social significant qualities scientists designate a person with the concept
personality
individuality
A2. In Society Z, the majority of the population lives in large cities. Computer technologies are used in all spheres of society, science is intensively developing, the achievements of which are widely used in economics and social management. What type of society is this?
agricultural
industrial
traditional
post-industrial
A3. Are the following statements about society correct?
A. Society refers to all people currently living on Earth.
B. Society refers to historical periods of human development.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
A4. There are different meanings of the concept "economy". What is economics as a science?
production of cosmetics
energy price forecasting
sale of real estate
gradual depreciation of money
A5. Ethnic groups include
estate
A6. Social scientists define society as
the whole world in the diversity of its forms and manifestations
unity of living and inanimate nature
a part of the world isolated from nature
an integral part of nature
A7. What example characterizes a person as a person?
Marina has blond hair and green eyes
Andrey wears glasses because he has poor eyesight
Seryozha gets tired quickly during football training
It is important for Vasya that his classmates respect him
A8. The process of becoming familiar with the knowledge about the world accumulated by previous generations is called
creativity
education
art
A9. After the government carried out economic reform, the exchange rate of the national currency increased in relation to the currencies of other countries. This example reflects the market situation
valuable papers
information
means of production
A10. TO social groups, distinguished on the basis of settlement (territorial) criteria, refers(-are)
programmers
townspeople
IN 1. The list below shows the similarities between a market economic system and a command system, as well as the differences between a market economic system and a command system. Select and write down the serial numbers of the similarity traits in the first column of the table, and the serial numbers of the differences in the second column.
solving the problem of limited resources
specialization of economic sectors
ensuring free competition among commodity producers
directive planning of product release
Part 3
Portrait of a modern teenager
Mental and physiological maturation changes practically nothing in the social economic situation teenagers The social statuses of parents and adolescents are still incompatible: parents earn a living, bear moral and legal responsibility for their children, and participate in social and industrial life.
And teenagers are not economically independent, they still require social protection and do not act as full participants in legal relations. Their role range is extremely limited. They are not owners, managers, producers, legislators. They are just consumers. Although legally they cannot make vital decisions, psychologically teenagers are ripe for them. But parents limit them. This is the original contradiction. In this regard, sociologists talk about the role disenfranchisement of teenagers - fewer rights and responsibilities compared to adults.
Lack of life experience forces them to make many more mistakes than adults, children or old people do. But the main thing is not the quantity, but the quality of mistakes, the seriousness of their consequences: crime, drug use, alcoholism, sexual promiscuity, violence against the individual.
Many teenagers drop out of school, as a result of which the natural process of their entry into public life is disrupted. Lack of knowledge immediately affects the economic situation; teenagers and young men find themselves in a worse situation in the labor market.
Sociologists believe that teenagers make many mistakes because they want to appear like adults. It is possible that the same reason prompts many to leave school. The student's status is considered “non-adult”. It does not contribute to achieving success in life, and with it recognition in a peer group.
(Adapted from the text by A.I. Kravchenko)
C1
C2 What meaning do sociologists give to the concept of “role disenfranchisement among teenagers”? Give any two manifestations of this position based on the text.
C3
SOCIAL KNOWLEDGE TEST 8TH GRADE
OPTION 3
A1. Personality development process:
1) adaptation
2) socialization
3) individualization
4) integration
A 2. What is the highest manifestation of citizenship?
1) nationalism
2) humanism
3) patriotism
4) morality
A 3. Behavior expected from a person:
1) social status
2) social role
3) social position
4) social status
A 4. Introducing a person to the knowledge accumulated by society:
1) education
3) socialization
4) conscience
A 5. The economy of the USSR was largely:
1) market
2) traditional
3) planned
4) agricultural
A 6. Which of the main issues of the economy is related to the fact that it cannot provide unlimited production of goods and services?
1) what to produce
2) how to produce
3) at what price to sell
4) for whom to produce
A 7. Extracting useful properties from property:
1) possession
2) order
3) use
4) donation
A 8. Rivalry, the struggle to achieve the best results in any business:
1) economics
2) competition
3) opportunity cost
4) consumption
A 9. Product of labor produced for sale:
1) factor of production
2) offer
3) means of production
4) product
A 10. National conflicts can be eliminated or mitigated:
1) combining the principles of national-territorial and national-cultural autonomy
3) justifying all the good and bad that happened in the history of the people
4) using forceful methods to resolve interethnic conflicts
Write down the selected numbers in the table
Part 3
Main Institute modern education is a school. It differs from other forms of education in the diversity of student preparation, as well as in the special technologies used in the classroom. Fulfilling the “order” of society, the school, along with other educational institutions, trains qualified personnel for various spheres of human activity.
Society's requirements for education are expressed in the system of principles of state educational policy. Currently, educational policy in the Russian Federation is based on the following principles: the humanistic nature of education; priority of universal human values; the right of the individual to free development; universal access to education; attention of the education system to the needs of students; secular nature of education in government institutions.
These principles determine the main directions of educational policy, as well as the nature of education in our country.
The rapid development of science and related production technologies has put on the agenda the issue of reforming both the structure and content of education. Among the main directions of the ongoing reform are: democratization of the education and training system; humanitarization and humanization, computerization, internationalization of the education process.
Today, only such a model of education can be called truly effective, within the framework of which there is a departure from the authoritarian style of behavior of the teacher, a decrease in his role as a source of information and an increase in the role of the student in the process of mastering the information he receives. They take a different approach to developing criteria for assessing the effectiveness of educational outcomes - this is not only the knowledge acquired by the student, but also the level of creative and moral development of his personality.
(Based on materials from the online publication)
Complete the tasks:
SOCIAL KNOWLEDGE TEST 8TH GRADE
OPTION 4
A1. Agents of primary socialization include:
2) church
3) media
A2. The concept of competitiveness of education includes:
1) increasing the number of subjects studied at school
2) opening large number institutions of higher education
3) compliance of the quality of education with modern requirements
4) implementation of American education standards
A3. The social position of a person in society or a group, endowing him with certain rights and responsibilities:
1) social role
2) social structure
3) social stratum
4) social status
A4. Internal moral self-control and self-esteem of a person:
1) tradition
3) rule
4) conscience
A5. In a market economy, one of the principles of market functioning is:
1) free pricing
2) the presence of monopolies
3) presence of sellers and buyers
4) foreign trade
A6. Obtaining a given volume of production at the lowest cost of limited resources:
2) opportunity cost
3) production costs
4) economic efficiency
A7. Actual possession of a thing:
1) order
2) use
3) possession
4) storage
A8. What drives a market economy?
1) competition
3) offer
4) market equilibrium
A9. Economic activity, leading to the satisfaction of the personal needs of the population:
2) products
4) production
A10. A situation in the economy when part of the working-age population who wants to work cannot find a job:
1) competition
2) employment
3) production
4) unemployment
IN 1. Establish a correspondence between the terms and definitions: for each position given in the first column, select a position from the second column.
Part 3
Patriotism is a broad concept. It all depends on what specific content is put into this word. Enlightened patriotism is a feeling that one can and should be proud of. It presupposes active love for the homeland, manifested in specific deeds that benefit people.
A patriot can be a simple person who has unselfishly done good to those near and far. A patriot is a creative figure who, through his work, has exalted his country and, thereby, all of humanity. Unconditional patriots are defenders of the Motherland from foreign invaders, especially those who gave their lives for it.
In other words, a patriot is not someone who constantly reminds
about his patriotism, and the one who works fruitfully for the good of society, helps the disadvantaged, treats the sick and raises children, creates new knowledge and skills, fights violence, opposes exploitation and slavery, and promotes the progress of society. And, on the contrary, one who suppresses citizens and complicates their existence, lives not for people, but at their expense, humiliates foreigners and those whom he considers “foreigners”, preserves outdated orders, imposes false ideas and goals on society cannot be considered a patriot. .
A true patriot has the right not only to be proud of his country, but also to feel shame for it when unlawful acts are committed. Often such shame and such pain give rise to deeply moral actions and asceticism of people.
(Adapted from the article by V.B. Slavin)
Complete the tasks:
C1. Make a plan for the text. To do this, highlight the main semantic fragments of the text and title each of them.
ANSWERS
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Option 1
Evaluation criteria
C1. Make a plan for the text. To do this, highlight the main semantic fragments of the text and title each of them.
Points
fragments of text and reflect the main idea each of them.
1) what is a product;
2) stages of existence of the product;
3) the most important properties of the product;
4) the value of the product.
Maximum score
C2 What is a product? What types of goods are mentioned in the text? Explain the difference between these types of goods.
Contents of the correct answer and instructions for assessment(other wording of the answer is allowed that does not distort its meaning)
Points
Elements:
1) product definition: “a product is a product of labor produced for sale in order to exchange for other products of labor or money on the market”;
2) types of goods: tangible and intangible goods;
3) explanation, for example: a material product is a thing, and an intangible product is a useful activity.
The definition of the product and the explanation of the difference can be given in other, similar formulations.
A definition is given, the types of goods are indicated, and the differences are explained.
Definition given. OR The types of goods are indicated. OR Definition given, difference explained. OR The types of goods are indicated and the differences are explained.
Only the definition is given. OR Only types of goods are indicated. OR Only the difference is explained. OR The answer is incorrect.
Maximum score
C3 The text states that “when purchasing a product for personal consumption, the buyer determines its value based on its utility.” Do you agree with this opinion? Based on the text and social science knowledge, give two arguments (explanations) in defense of your position.
Contents of the correct answer and instructions for assessment(other wording of the answer is allowed, without distorting its meaning)
Points
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) opinion student: agreement or disagreement with the expressed position;
2) two arguments (explanations), For example:
in case of consent it may be stated that
Any product is designed to satisfy certain human needs; the more
the more significant these needs are, the higher the price the consumer is willing to pay for the product;
The consumer strives to purchase the most functional product with the greatest
service life;
in case of disagreement it may be stated that
In some situations, buyers act emotionally and purchase goods without
having significant utility;
Expensive luxury goods can, in their own way, beneficial properties nothing
differ from cheaper analogues, however, people who have reached a certain
status, they acquire it.
Other arguments (explanations) may be given.
The student’s opinion is expressed and two arguments are given.
The student’s opinion is expressed and one argument is given. OR The student's opinion is not expressed, but is clear from the context, two arguments are given.
The student's opinion is expressed, no arguments are given. OR The student's opinion is not expressed, but is clear from the context; one argument is given.
OR The answer is incorrect.
Maximum score
Option 2
Evaluation criteria
completing tasks with extended answers
C1 Highlight the main semantic parts of the text. Give each of them a title (make a text plan).
Contents of the correct answer and instructions To assessment(other wording of the answer is allowed that does not distort its meaning)
Point
In the correct answer, the points of the plan must correspond to the main semantic parts of the text and reflect the main idea every part. The following semantic parts can be distinguished:
differences in the social status of adolescents and parents;
contradictory status of adolescents;
mistakes made by teenagers;
the importance of school in the life of a teenager;
a teenager and his desire to achieve adulthood.
It is possible to formulate other points of the plan without distorting the essence of the main idea of the fragment, and to highlight additional semantic blocks.
The main semantic parts of the text are highlighted, their names (plan points) reflect the main idea of each part of the text. The number of allocated parts may vary
Not all (but most) of the main parts of the text are highlighted, their names (points of the plan) reflect the main ideas of the selected fragments, OR not all (but most) of the selected parts of the text correspond to meaningfully and logically completed components of the text, OR not all (but the majority) the names of the highlighted parts (points of the plan) correspond to the main idea of the text fragment
The main parts of the text are not highlighted, OR the names of the highlighted parts (points of the plan) do not correspond to the main idea of the text fragments, being quotes from the corresponding fragment, OR the answer is incorrect
Maximum score
C2 What meaning do sociologists give to the concept of “role disenfranchisement among teenagers”? Give any two manifestations of this position based on the text.
Contents of the correct answer and instructions for assessment(other wording of the answer is allowed that does not distort its meaning)
Point
The answer should reveal the role disenfranchisement of teenagers: - teenagers have fewer rights and responsibilities compared to adults, their
role range is limited; given manifestations:
1) teenagers are not owners;
2) teenagers are not stewards;
3) teenagers are not producers, etc.
The meaning of the concept is revealed, two manifestations are given
The meaning of the concept is revealed, one manifestation is given.
The answer is incorrect
Maximum score
C3 The text provides an opinion that teenagers consider the student’s status to be “non-adult”. Formulate your point of view on the given problem. Name, based on knowledge of the course and social experience, any two consequences of teenagers leaving school.
Contents of the correct answer and instructions for assessment(other wording of the answer is allowed that does not distort its meaning)
Point
The correct answer must contain the following elements 1) expressed opinion student, for example:
Teenagers associate school with childhood, as they explain the life of a teacher,
teenagers believe that they are considered immature, unprepared for independent life, their
just getting ready to join adult life. 2) given two consequences of leaving school, For example:
after leaving school, a teenager:
He does not receive enough knowledge and experience,
Narrows down the field for further professional activity,
May be drawn into a criminal environment, etc.
Maximum score
Option 3
Evaluation criteria
completing tasks with extended answers
C1. Make a plan for the text. To do this, highlight the main semantic fragments of the text and title each of them.
Contents of the correct answer and instructions for assessment(other wording of the answer is allowed that does not distort its meaning)
Points
In the correct answer, the points of the plan must correspond to the main semantic
fragments of text and reflect the main idea each of them.
The following semantic fragments can be distinguished:
1) Main Institute of Education
2)Principles of state educational policy
Effective education model
It is possible to formulate other points of the plan without distorting the essence of the main idea of the fragment, and to highlight additional semantic blocks.
The main semantic fragments of the text are highlighted, their names (plan points) reflect the main idea of each text fragment. The number of selected fragments may vary.
More than half of the semantic fragments of the text are correctly highlighted; their names (plan points) reflect the main ideas of the corresponding parts of the text.
The main text fragments are not highlighted. OR The names of the highlighted fragments (points of the plan) do not correspond to the main idea of the corresponding parts of the text, being quotes from the corresponding fragment. OR The answer is incorrect.
Maximum score
C2. What two differences between modern school and other forms of education are mentioned in the text?
Contents of the correct answer and instructions for assessment(other wording of the answer is allowed that does not distort its meaning)
Point
The answer should be
1) Diversity of student training
2) Special technologies used during the lesson
These manifestations can be given in other formulations that are similar in meaning.
Two manifestations are given
One manifestation is given.
The meaning of the concept is revealed implicitly, but one or two manifestations are given
The answer is incorrect
Maximum score
Contents of the correct answer and instructions for assessment(other wording of the answer is allowed that does not distort its meaning)
Point
The correct answer must contain the following elements 1) Gaining knowledge and personal development
given two examples
Obtaining knowledge - in the modern world the poorly educated
or a completely illiterate person will not be able to find a well-paid job and provide a decent standard of living for himself and his family.
Personal development – development of intelligence, motivation, responsibility, self-confidence, positive attitude towards the world.
Other consequences may be given.
Student's opinion expressed, two consequences given
The student's opinion is expressed, one consequence is given OR the student's opinion is not expressed, but is clear from the context, two consequences are given
The student's opinion is expressed, no consequences are given, OR the student's opinion is not expressed, but is clear from the context, one consequence is given, OR the answer is incorrect
Maximum score
Option 4
Evaluation criteria
completing tasks with extended answers
C1. Make a plan for the text. To do this, highlight the main semantic fragments of the text and title each of them.
Contents of the correct answer and instructions for assessment(other wording of the answer is allowed that does not distort its meaning)
Points
In the correct answer, the points of the plan must correspond to the main semantic
fragments of text and reflect the main idea each of them.
The following semantic fragments can be distinguished:
1) The concept of patriotism
3) Traits of behavior that do not correspond to a patriot
Effective education model
It is possible to formulate other points of the plan without distorting the essence of the main idea of the fragment, and to highlight additional semantic blocks.
The main semantic fragments of the text are highlighted, their names (plan points) reflect the main idea of each text fragment. The number of selected fragments may vary.
More than half of the semantic fragments of the text are correctly highlighted; their names (plan points) reflect the main ideas of the corresponding parts of the text.
The main text fragments are not highlighted. OR The names of the highlighted fragments (points of the plan) do not correspond to the main idea of the corresponding parts of the text, being quotes from the corresponding fragment. OR The answer is incorrect.
Maximum score
Contents of the correct answer and instructions for assessment(other wording of the answer is allowed that does not distort its meaning)
Point
The answer should be
1) Selflessly doing good
2) A creative figure who has exalted the country with his work
3) Defenders of the Motherland from foreign invaders
These manifestations can be given in other formulations that are similar in meaning.
Two manifestations are given
One manifestation is given.
The meaning of the concept is revealed implicitly, but one or two manifestations are given
The answer is incorrect
Maximum score
C3. The text lists behavioral traits that a patriot should not and cannot have. Guess why
Contents of the correct answer and instructions for assessment(other wording of the answer is allowed that does not distort its meaning)
Point
The correct answer must contain the following elements Who suppresses citizens and complicates their existence
Who lives at the expense of people
Humiliates foreigners
Imposes false ideas on society
True patriots must love, respect and protect their Motherland.
Other consequences may be given.
Student's opinion expressed, two consequences given
The student's opinion is expressed, one consequence is given OR the student's opinion is not expressed, but is clear from the context, two consequences are given
The student's opinion is expressed, no consequences are given, OR the student's opinion is not expressed, but is clear from the context, one consequence is given, OR the answer is incorrect
Maximum score
in 8th grade
Option 1
Part 1
Part 2
Write down the selected numbers in the table.
Part 3
Answer form for KIM assignments in social studies in 8th grade
Option 2
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Answer form for KIM assignments in social studies
in 8th grade
Option 3
Part 1
Part 2
Write down the selected numbers in the table.
Part 3
Answer form for KIM assignments in social studies
in 8th grade
Option 4
Part 1
Part 2
Write down the selected numbers in the table.
SPECIFICATION
CMM for conducting intermediate certification
8th grade students
in social studies
Purpose test work – monitoring the state of the level of formation of general educational and special skills among 8th grade students in the subject “Social Studies”.
Documents defining the content of the certification work:
1. Mandatory minimum content of basic general education in social studies;
2. Federal component of the state standard of basic general education in social studies;
3. Textbook for grade 8 “Social studies”, Moscow, Education, 2013. Author L.N. Bogolyubov;
4. Social studies program for grades 6-11, Moscow, Education, 2010. Edited by L.N. Bogolyubova.
Approaches to selecting the content and structure of CMM.
Approaches to the selection of tested elements and the design of tasks were determined taking into account the requirements of the above documents, and include requirements both for the composition of social science knowledge and for the skills that the student must master.
The final work presents tasks aimed at testing knowledge in social studies.
Characteristics of the structure and content of the certification work.
The structure of the work meets the goal of building a system of differentiated education in a modern school, which includes two tasks: the formation of basic training in social studies for all students, and the simultaneous creation for some schoolchildren of conditions conducive to obtaining advanced training, sufficient for the active use of social studies in further education.
The tasks of the final test cover the topics of the course studied by students in the 8th grade and include material from the content lines “Society”, “Man”, “Spiritual sphere of society’s life”, “Cognition”, “Social relations”.
Table 1.
Distribution of test work tasks in parts
| Parts of the work | Number of jobs | Maximum Primary Score | Type of tasks |
|
| 20(one answer option) | Easy, medium difficulty |
|||
Evaluation system for individual tasks and work as a whole
The first part of the work (Part A) includes tasks at a basic level with the choice of one correct answer from four proposed options. They are formulated both in the form of a sentence, to which it is necessary to select the only possible continuation, and in the form of a situation illustrating a particular concept that must be found in the proposed list of answers.
Also, the first part of the work includes tasks of an increased level of complexity (A3, A6, A9, A11, A17, A20), in which it is necessary to analyze two judgments and choose the correct answer. The difficulty of the task is that the judgments can be both true and incorrect, and only one of them can be true. Each correctly completed task in Part A is worth 1 point.
The second part of the final test consists of tasks of various types, to which you need to give a short answer and write it down as a set of numbers or letters. This part presents the following types of tasks:
Select and write down in the table first the serial numbers of the similarities, and then the differences of social science terms or concepts;
Analyze sociological data and find in the list the conclusions that can be drawn based on these data, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the answer line;
Establish a correspondence between the concept and the example. For each position given in the first column, you should select a position from the second column and write down the selected numbers in the table;
From the characteristics given in the list, select the extra one and write down the number of this characteristic in the answer line;
Arrange the answer options in the correct chronological or logical sequence.
Correctly completed tasks B1, B2, B3 and B5 are scored as follows: 2 points - no errors, 1 point - one mistake was made, 0 points - two or more mistakes were made, task B4 is scored 1 point.
List of knowledge and skills tested in work.
knowledge/understanding:
Social properties of a person, his interaction with other people;
The essence of society as a form of joint activity of people;
Character traits and signs of the main spheres of society;
Describe the main social objects, highlighting their essential features; man as a socially active being; main social roles;
Compare social objects, judgments about society and people, identify their common features and differences;
Additional materials and equipment
No additional equipment or materials are required to carry out the certification work.
Lead time: 40 minutes
Number of options in work. Three
Evaluation criteria:
“5” - 27-29 points;
“4” - 22-26 points;
“3” - 16-21 points;
“2” - 0-15 points.
1 option
Part 1
A1. In the narrow sense of the word, society must be understood
1) a specific stage in the development of the people
2) territory with clear boundaries
3) social organization of the country
4) part of the material world
A2. IN in a broad sense words under society must be understood
1) a group of postage stamp lovers
2) all residents of a given city
3) students of secondary school No. 4
4) a set of forms of association of people
A3.
And the concept of “society” is applicable to any historical era.
B. Society arose before the state appeared.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
A4.
1) presence of a brain
2) presence of instincts
3) developed hand
4) ability to think
A5. What is common between man and animal?
1) purposeful activity
2) the presence of instincts and reflexes
3) presence of a developed brain
4) articulate speech
A6.
A. Nature is the totality of the natural conditions of human habitation.
B. Nature is a world created by man.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
A7. Which of the following refers to the political sphere of society?
1) payment of pensions
2) exhibition of paintings
3) party congress
4) sale of plant shares
A8. The sphere of political and legal relations includes contacts between
1) a policeman traveling on a bus, and bus passengers
2) a candidate for deputy and a teacher at the school where his son studies
3) a young man and a disabled person on the subway
4) the owner of the stolen car and the local police officer
A9.
A. The spiritual sphere includes relations regarding production, distribution, exchange and consumption.
B. The social sphere covers the relationship between the citizen and the authorities.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
A10. K. is a small island, cut off from civilization. Its inhabitants collect fruits, fish, make their own clothes and household utensils. They live in large families, headed by older men. The order of the head of the family is mandatory for household members. What type of society is K.?
1) industrial
2) traditional
3) post-industrial
4) informational
A11. Are the following judgments about types of society correct?
A. A traditional society is characterized by a developed system of industrial production.
B. In an industrial society, the main branch of the economy is Agriculture.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
A12.
1) migration
2) globalization
3) militarization
4) degradation
A13. Which of the following refers to global problems of humanity?
1) transition to post-industrial society
2) development of mass culture
3) extinction of biological species
4) globalization of the world economy
A14. The teacher at the parent meeting, speaking about Vasya P., noted his ability to control his behavior, bear responsibility and solve problems, emphasized his strong will and independence in actions. That is, he described Vasya as
1) individual
2) individuality
3) subject
4) personality
A15. The initial element of the cognition process is
1) feeling
2) perception
3) inference
4) judgment
A16.
1) standards of behavior
3) ceremonies
4) traditions
A17. Are the following statements about elite culture true?
A. Elite culture is the property of a privileged part of society.
B. A television series can be considered an elite culture.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
A18. Representatives of this type of culture, as a rule, do not have an author. It includes myths, legends, epics, songs and dances. What type of culture are we talking about?
1) o popular culture
2) about folk culture
3) about elite culture
4) about pop culture
1) art
3) education
4) religion
A 20.
A. Each person performs only one social role at a certain period of his life.
B. A person’s social status is determined at his birth and cannot be changed during his life.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
Part 2.
IN 1. The list below shows the similarities and differences between the concepts of folk and mass culture. Select and write down the serial numbers of the similarity traits in the first column of the table, and the serial numbers of the differences in the second column.
2) works are accessible for perception without additional training viewer
3) wide audience coverage
4) arose in connection with the advent of the media
| Similarities | Features of difference |
||
AT 2. Match between public sphere and the relationships that it regulates: for each position given in the first column, select a position from the second column.
| RELATIONSHIP | AREAS OF SOCIETY |
| A) supplier of raw materials and manufacturer of goods | 1) economic |
| B) voter and candidate for deputy | 2) political |
| C) leader of the parliamentary faction and party member | |
| D) buyer and seller |
AT 3. A sociological survey of citizens was conducted in the country of N. They were asked the question: “Do you think modern media are free from government control?” The survey results are shown in the table.
| ANSWER OPTIONS | |
| Completely free | |
| Mostly free | |
| Mostly under the control of society | |
| Fully controlled by the state | |
| I find it difficult to answer |
Find in the list the conclusions that can be drawn based on the table data, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the answer line.
1) Opinions on to the question asked The respondents were divided approximately in half.
2) Every fifth person considers the media to be absolutely free from government control.
3) Every tenth respondent believes that the media are under the absolute control of the authorities.
4) About half of the citizens surveyed believe that the media are under complete or partial control states.
5) The majority of respondents believe that the media are under complete control state power
AT 4. Below are a number of characteristics. All of them, with the exception of one, relate to the description of human security needs. Find and write down the number of the characteristic that falls out of this series.
AT 5. Indicate the correct sequence of elements of the cognition process, distributing mental operations from the simplest to the more complex
1) inference
2) sensation
3) judgment
4) perception
5) presentation
Option 2
Part 1
A1. In the narrow sense of the word, society must be understood
1) political organization of a given country
2) social organization of a given country
3) dance group
4) part of the material world
A2.
1) all of humanity
2) slave society
3) sports team
4) population of the country
A3. Are the following statements about society correct?
A. Society is a group of people united to perform some action.
B. Society is a specific stage in the historical development of a people.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
A4. Distinguishes man from animal
1) presence of instincts
2) presence of consciousness
3) ability to reproduce
4) adaptability to environmental conditions
A5. What is common to both humans and animals?
1) the presence of instincts and reflexes
3) presence of articulate speech
4) ability for collective activity
A6. Are the following statements about nature true?
A. The natural environment has absolutely no influence on human society.
B. Nature has both positive and negative impacts on the development of society.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
A7. Which of the following refers to the economic sphere of society?
1) election campaign
2) creating works of art
3) scientific discovery
4) creation of material wealth
A8. The political sphere of society includes relations between
1) traffic police inspector and driver
2) a candidate for deputy and his voters
3) the coach and his team
4) seller and buyer in a store
A9. Are the following judgments about areas of public life true?
A. The political sphere includes relations between people on issues of educating the younger generation.
B. The economic sphere includes production, consumption, distribution of material and spiritual values.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
A10. The basis of the economy of the state of Belarus is industrial production; there are many corporations and firms. What type of society does this belong to?
1) traditional
2) industrial
3) post-industrial
4) informational
A11. Are the judgments about types of society correct?
A. The main economic sector in a traditional society is agriculture.
B. During the transition to an industrial society, the role of scientific knowledge increases significantly.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
A12. What trend is the basis in the development of modern society?
1) industrialization
2) degradation
3) militarization
4) globalization
A13. Which of the following refers to the global problems of our time?
1) increasing the role of education in human life
2) technology improvement
3) increasing human life expectancy
4) the spread of alcoholism and drug addiction
A14. The teacher at the parent meeting, speaking about Masha S., noted her creative approach to solving problems, originality in any type of activity and the unique features of her written works on literature. That is, he described Masha as
1) individual
2) individuality
3) subject
4) personality
1) most fully corresponds to the surrounding world
2) is the result of a scientific experiment
3) requires evidence
4) recognized by the authorities of a given state
A16. Objects of material culture include
1) tools
2) standards of behavior
3) ceremonies
4) traditions
A 17. Are the following statements about popular culture true?
A. Mass culture expresses the tastes of highly educated segments of the population.
B. Mass culture is accessible and understandable to all segments of the population, regardless of level of education.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
A18. The paintings of Pablo Picasso are difficult for an unprepared person to perceive. His circle of admirers includes critics, art critics, and highly educated people. What form of culture can the works of Pablo Picasso be classified as?
1) elitist
2) folk
3) pop culture
4) mass
A19. Moral norms as opposed to legal norms
1) regulated by the state
2) concern only a certain group of people
3) regulate the behavior of all people
4) change due to a change of government
A20. Are the following judgments about social status correct?
A. Social status indicates a person’s place in society, and social role indicates the way he behaves.
B. A person's social status can change over time.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
Part 2.
IN 1. The above list indicates the similarities between moral and religious norms and the differences between moral and religious norms. Select and write down the ordinal numbers of the similarities in the first column of the table, and the ordinal numbers of the differences in the second column.
1) perform the function of a regulator of human behavior
2) arose before the emergence of the state
3) based on people’s opinions about correct behavior
4) regulate the behavior of people who share certain beliefs
| Similarities | Features of difference |
||
AT 2.
| DATA | SPHERES OF PUBLIC LIFE |
| A) filling out a tax return | 1) political |
| B) elections of deputies State Duma | 2) economic |
| B) creation political party | |
| D) introduction of value added tax |
Write down the selected numbers in the table.
AT 3. Sociological surveys were conducted in the country of N. They were asked the question: “How do you assess the financial situation of your family?” The survey results are presented in the table.
| ANSWER OPTIONS | ||
| Very good and good | ||
| Very bad and bad | ||
| I find it difficult to answer | ||
Analyze the table data.
Find in the list the conclusions that can be drawn based on the data in the table, and enter the numbers under which they are indicated in the answer line.
1) The number of citizens who believe that they live very well has decreased.
2) More than half of the citizens surveyed in 2007 consider their financial situation to be average.
3) An absolute minority of the citizens surveyed consider their financial situation to be very good.
4) The number of citizens who consider their financial situation to be poor has increased.
5) More than 2/3 of the citizens surveyed do not consider their financial situation to be good.
AT 4. Below are a number of characteristics. All of them, with the exception of one, relate to the characteristics of an agrarian society. Find and write down the number of the characteristic that falls out of this series.
1) developed agriculture, 2) transfer of knowledge from old people to youth, 3) strict adherence to traditions, 4) large role of religion, 5) active development of science.
AT 5. Indicate the correct sequence of levels of education from the lowest and simplest to the more complex.
1) primary general education
2) higher education
3) secondary general education
4) basic general education
Option 3
Part 1
A1. In the narrow sense of the word, society should be understood
1) a territory that has certain boundaries
2) social organization of the country
3) an association of lovers of ancient books
4) political organization of the state
A2. In a broad sense, society should be understood
1) employees of one company
3) students of the same school
4) the entire population of planet Earth
A3. Are the following statements about society correct?
A. Society is a dynamic system, the individual elements of which interact with each other.
B. Society, together with nature, forms the material world surrounding man.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
A4. Distinguishes man from animal
2) presence of instincts
3) developed speech
4) presence of various sensations
A5. What is common to both humans and animals?
1) adaptation to natural conditions
2) purposeful activity
3) the ability to create tools
4) developed articulate speech
A6. Are the following statements about nature true?
A. Historically, nature is “older” than society.
B. Nature is the only creator of culture.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
A7. What area of public life does the work of health authorities relate to?
1) economic
2) social
3) political
4) spiritual
A8. Which of the following relationships are related to the economic sphere of society?
1) the manufacturer of the product and its buyer
2) teacher and student
3) heads of neighboring states
4) offender and lawyer
A9. Are the following judgments about areas of public life true?
A. The economic sphere includes classes, social strata, nations, taken in their interaction with each other.
B. The spiritual sphere of society is a set of organizations and institutions responsible for the well-being of the population.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
A10. The main lever of social progress in this society is the transfer of knowledge from old people to young people, strict adherence to once established customs and traditions. Science does not interfere in social production. All social and vital phenomena are guided by religion. What type of society is this?
1) industrial
2) traditional
3) informational
4) post-industrial
A11. Are the following judgments about types of society correct?
A. Social progress is not characteristic of industrial society.
B. The main sector of the economy in a post-industrial society is industry.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
A12. The spread of the norms and values of Euro-American culture in the modern world, the formation of the world economy, the creation of international organizations in the financial sector are a manifestation of the trend
1) militarization modern world
2) degradation of modern society
3) globalization of modern society
4) disintegration of the modern world
A13. Which of the following refers to global problems of humanity?
1) growth of the planet's population
2) crisis of overproduction
3) scientific and technological progress
4) transition to post-industrial society
A14. What sign characterizes a person as a person?
1) active life position
2) physical and mental health
3) properties of temperament
4) appearance features
A15. The forms of sensory cognition include
1) judgment
2) observation
3) sensation
4) inference
A16. Objects of intangible culture include
2) residential buildings
3) movie
4) tools
A17. Are the following statements about folk culture true?
B. Folk culture is the result of collective creativity.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
A18. The achievements of this type of culture are available to a few highly educated people. For people with a low level of education, her works seem incomprehensible and boring. What type of culture are we talking about?
1) about popular culture
2) about folk culture
3) about elite culture
4) about pop culture
A19. The expression “pangs of conscience” refers to the area
1) religion
A20. Are the following judgments about social status correct?
A. High social status imposes certain obligations on its bearer that limit his behavior.
B. A person’s belonging to a certain nationality is a manifestation of his prescribed status.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
Part 2.
IN 1. The list below shows the features of a traditional society and the features of an industrial society. Select and write down the serial numbers of the features of a traditional society in the first column of the table, and the serial numbers of the features of an industrial society in the second column.
1) transfer of knowledge directly from the elderly to the youth
2) network development educational institutions
3) dominance of religion
4) rapid development of science, making scientific discoveries
| Similarities | Features of difference |
||
AT 2. Establish a correspondence between facts and spheres of public life: for each position given in the first column, select a position from the second column.
| DATA | SPHERES OF PUBLIC LIFE |
| A) filming a new television series | 1) social |
| B) opening a homeless shelter | 2) spiritual |
| B) scientific discovery | |
| D) payment of pensions |
Write down the selected numbers in the table.
AT 3. A sociological survey of citizens was conducted in the country of N. They were asked the question: “How do you assess the environmental situation in the city where you live?” The survey results are shown in the table.
| ANSWER OPTIONS | |
| Very good | |
| Rather good | |
| Rather bad | |
| Very bad | |
| I find it difficult to answer |
Analyze the table data.
Find in the list the conclusions that can be drawn based on the table data, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the answer line.
1) The opinion that the environmental situation in their area is bad is shared by more than a quarter of the citizens surveyed.
2) The majority of citizens surveyed consider the environmental situation in their city to be very good.
3) About 1/3 of the citizens surveyed positively assess the environmental situation in their city.
4) More than half of the citizens surveyed rated the environmental situation in their city as very good.
5) The majority of the population does not think about the state of the environment in their cities and finds it difficult to answer the question posed.
AT 4. Below are a number of concepts. All of them, with the exception of one, relate to the characteristics of an industrial society. Find and write down the number of the characteristic that falls out of this series.
1) active development of science, 2) large role of religion, 3) developed system of industrial production, 4) most the country's population consists of industrial workers, 5) the widespread development of a system of educational institutions.
AT 5. Indicate the correct sequence of human needs in accordance with the order in which they are presented in A. Maslow’s pyramid.
1) spiritual
2) physiological
3) existential
4)prestigious
5) social
Answers
1 option
Answers
Option 2
Answers
Option 3
Images of textbook covers are shown on the pages of this site solely as illustrative material (Article 1274, paragraph 1, part four of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation)
GDZ tests in social studies grade 8 Krayushkina Exam
- The test part of the ticket is an important component of the final exam for the 9th grade. Forced preparation for testing begins by subject teachers already in the 8th grade. The better eighth-graders master and understand this form of control, the higher the results will be subsequently, a year later, on the OGE, and on current tests, tests, and answers in the 8th grade.
- High-quality manuals and reference material allow you to prepare well and practice your answers. Among the effective workshops, teachers name social studies tests for grade 8, compiled by Krayushkina S.V.
- The manual is distinguished by a competent structure and format of assignments covering all topics and sections of the social studies course studied during the year. They are offered by the author in three parts, adapted and as close as possible to the form of control used in the OGE/USE.
- It's not just teachers who enjoy the content in this book. Often, eighth-graders themselves use them for independent preparation, for example, to check the correct understanding of a particular topic when doing:
- homework;
- repetition of what has been covered before independent and test work, etc. - For those who study the collection themselves, the solution book for it will be a good assistant. A systematic check will lead to an understanding of the essence and order of composing the answer, and the correct recording of the result.