GOST 26653 90 preparation of general cargo for transportation. Reference regulatory and technical documents

(approved by the Decree of the State Standard of the USSR of 06.25.90 N 1831)

Edition dated 06/25/1990 - The document is not valid

INTERSTATE STANDARD

PREPARATION OF GENERAL CARGO FOR TRANSPORTATION
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Preparation of general cargoes for transportation. General requirements

GOST 26653-90

Date of introduction 01.07.91

This International Standard specifies General requirements for the preparation of general cargo for transportation in direct and mixed traffic: by sea, river, rail, road and air transport.

The requirements of the standard should be taken into account when developing standards, specifications for products prepared for transportation, in terms of packaging, labeling, transportation and storage, when planning and organizing the shipment of goods, concluding agreements and contracts for the supply of export and import goods.

An explanation of the term "general cargo" is given in the appendix.

INFORMATION DATA

1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the Ministry of the Navy of the USSR

2. APPROVED AND INTRODUCED BY Decree of the USSR State Committee for Product Quality Management and Standards dated June 25, 1990 N 1831

3. REPLACE GOST 26653-85

4. REFERENCE REGULATIONS AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

	Number of paragraph, subparagraph	The designation of the NTD to which the link is given	Number of paragraph, subparagraph
GOST 1.5-2001	9	GOST 19433-88	1.7
GOST 1639-93	2.1.5	GOST 19848-74	2.5.2, 2.7.3
GOST 2787-75	2.1.5	GOST 21136-75	3.4
GOST 7566-94	2.1.1, 2.1.3, 2.5.2	GOST 21140-88	3.1
GOST 9142-90	3.4	GOST 21391-84	2.5.2
GOST 9570-84	2.7.3	GOST 21399-75	2.5.2
GOST 10198-91	2.2.7	GOST 21650-76	2.5.2, 3.3
GOST 10692-80	2.1.1, 2.1.3, 2.5.2	GOST 22235-76	1.12
GOST 14192-96	1.7	GOST 22477-77	1.12
GOST 15150-69	1.8, 2.5.5	GOST 23285-78	2.5.2
GOST 15151-69	1.8	GOST 24597-81	2.5.2
GOST 15846-2002	1.10, 2.2.3, 3.1	GOST 25014-81	3.2
GOST 16369-96	2.5.2, 3.3	GOST 25064-81	3.4
GOST 18425-73	3.4	GOST 26319-84	3.1
GOST 18477-79	2.4.2	GOST 26663-85	2.5.2
GOST 19041-85	2.1.3, 2.5.2	GOST 26838-86	3.4

5. REPUBLICATION. April 2003

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. The cargo must be prepared for transportation, taking into account the requirements of product standards, the Rules for the Transportation of Goods in force for the relevant modes of transport, and the Agreement on International Freight Transport by Rail (SMGS).

1.2. Preparation of cargo for transportation should ensure:

The safety of the cargo throughout the transportation and the safety of the vehicle and environment;

Maximum use of the carrying capacity and (or) carrying capacity of vehicles and lifting mechanisms with the obligatory ensuring the safety of the cargo and the safety of its transportation;

Necessary strength of cargo packaging during stacking and reloading operations;

Convenience of carrying out cargo operations, fastening and placement on vehicles and in warehouses.

1.3. When preparing cargo for transportation, the following should be taken into account:

Cargo properties, transportation area, delivery time and season;

The duration of the impact of hydrometeorological factors, including in microclimatic regions;

The dynamic nature of the loads acting on the corresponding mode of transport;

Capacity and dimensions of cargo spaces, vehicles;

The need to secure cargo;

The need to ensure certain temperature, ventilation and humidity conditions in the cargo spaces of vehicles;

The possibility of complex mechanization of transshipment processes to ensure high labor productivity and reduce vehicle downtime during loading and unloading;

Risk of damage to cargo and machines, injury to people during reloading operations in case of insufficient or incorrect awareness of transport organizations about the properties of the cargo and right ways its overload, as well as because of their unpreparedness for cargo operations;

Non-compliance of the form of presentation of cargo for transportation with the technological requirements of the transshipment and transportation processes;

The need for preliminary information from transport organizations on the form of presentation of cargo for transportation or on its change in order to determine or clarify the technology of transportation and its processing at transshipment points;

The possibility of enlargement and unification of packages in order to create conditions for the mechanization and automation of the movement and slinging of goods.

1.4. The shipping container and packaging of the cargo presented for transportation must comply with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation, have seals, locks, control tapes and special devices for attaching to vehicle and be adapted for quick, convenient and safe slinging of cargo when moving it with cranes and loaders.

1.5. Packing equipment for package transportation to the Far North should be predominantly single use.

1.6. The transport container and packaging of the cargo must ensure its safety during the production of cargo operations using load gripping devices.

1.7. Cargo marking must comply with the requirements of GOST 14192, GOST 19433 and the requirements provided for in the regulatory and technical documentation for specific products.

1.8. The standards and specifications for a specific cargo in containers or without it should stipulate the possibility of its transportation on open vehicles and on the upper (open) deck of ships under conditions of exposure to water in accordance with GOST 15150, GOST 15151.

1.9. Requirements for the packaging of cargo, the conditions and features of its transportation, methods and means of consolidation of packages should be set out in the regulatory and technical documentation for a specific type of cargo in the section "Packaging, marking, transportation and storage" in accordance with the requirements of GOST 1.5.

1.10. Tare and packaging of goods shipped to the Far North must comply with the requirements of GOST 15846.

1.11. The consignor is responsible for the consequences of deficiencies in the packaging and internal packaging of goods (breakage, breakage, deformation, leakage, etc.), as well as the use of containers and packaging that do not correspond to the properties of the cargo, its weight or established standards.

1.12. The cargo and its packaging presented for transportation in mixed and direct communications must ensure their safety during transshipment, as well as the safety of railway rolling stock in accordance with GOST 22235 and GOST 22477.

2. CARGO REQUIREMENTS

2.1. Metal products

2.1.1. Preparation of certain types of metal products for transportation should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 7566, GOST 10692, as well as the current regulatory and technical documentation for certain types metal products.

2.1.2. Means of packaging metal products and strapping methods should ensure the safety of bundles, bundles, rolls and coils from spilling and unwinding, from loss and depersonalization of labels both during transshipment operations and during transportation.

2.1.3. When packing long metal products in accordance with GOST 7566, GOST 10692, GOST 19041, load-bearing means of packing with upper grip points should be used, or the configuration of the packages and methods of their placement in vehicles should allow slinging and slinging without lifting, spreading and other similar manual operations. Deviation from this rule is allowed only upon agreement with the port or railway station where the cargo is sent, if they have special lifting equipment (magnets, manipulators, etc.). An indication of the possibility of slinging for load-bearing strapping and packaging means must be marked on the cargo or included in the shipping documents.

2.1.4. Rolled metal products (rails, rods, shaped steel, pipes up to 350 mm in diameter, etc.), non-ferrous metal ingots, copper and nickel cathodes, packaged and unpacked coils (rolled wire, barbed wire, etc.) must be delivered for transportation in packages.

2.1.5. Heavy and long scrap metal must be divided into parts in accordance with GOST 2787, non-ferrous metal scrap - GOST 1639. Small metal waste is pressed into bags or stacked in bales. Small scrap in the form of used hardware, tools, non-ferrous metal scrap is packed in strong containers: boxes, barrels or specialized containers.

Only recycled scrap is accepted for transportation in mixed traffic.

2.1.6. Sheet steel in coils, transported end-mounted, should be delivered on skids, or it should be adapted for handling by pinching lever grippers that compress the coil from the outside and from the inside.

2.2. Mobile technology

2.2.1. In the documents for self-propelled equipment and in the information leaflet attached to the windshield of the cab from the inside, the name and brand of fuel with which it is refueled should be indicated. At the time of loading onto vehicles, mobile equipment must be refueled in an amount of at least 5 dm3 for cars and at least 12 dm3 for all other types of self-propelled equipment.

2.2.2. The engine cooling system must be filled with antifreeze (antifreeze), and the batteries are filled with electrolyte, charged and ready to start the engine.

At an outside air temperature above 4 °C, the engine cooling system can be filled with water.

When loading self-propelled equipment onto vehicles at an outside air temperature below 4 °C and in the absence of antifreeze in the cooling system, it is allowed to refuel it hot water. Drainage of water from the cooling system should be carried out immediately after loading the equipment onto the vehicle.

2.2.3. When transporting mobile equipment in mixed traffic, its preparation for transportation is carried out by consignors in accordance with the requirements for vehicles in accordance with GOST 15846.

2.2.4. Light and sound alarms, as well as all other devices that ensure traffic safety, must be installed and in good working order on the machines.

2.2.5. With the first unit of each type of equipment, or in advance, the consignor is obliged to send to the port, airport and railway station at least three copies of the instructions for the operation and management of the equipment.

2.2.6. For mobile equipment, with the exception of cars, the manufacturer must draw up a slinging scheme for reloading with lifting devices, indicating the slinging points, lifting devices, the location of the slinging branches and the center of gravity. The location of the slinging branches and the devices used must exclude the possibility of damage to the mobile equipment and its paintwork.

The slinging chart should be attached to the inside of the cab glass. If the mobile equipment does not have a cabin, the scheme is attached in a conspicuous place with protection from damage by precipitation.

2.2.7. Cars shipped in packaged form, it is necessary to present for transportation in wooden lattice boxes in accordance with GOST 10198.

2.2.8. When sending mobile equipment intended for loading under its own power, stored in ports, airports and railway stations, timely recharging of batteries and the performance of all other work provided for by the instructions for the operation of mobile equipment when stored on a contractual basis must be ensured.

2.2.9. Tractor equipment, for which long-term storage is possible before being sold to the buyer, is shipped in mothballed form with dry-charged batteries. At the same time, manufacturers are obliged, on the basis of contracts, to provide transport organizations with the equipment and devices necessary for loading and unloading tractor equipment onto vehicles without depreservation.

2.2.10. If it is impossible to load spare parts and attachments onto the autotractor equipment, it is allowed to ship the latter in a packaged form for a batch of equipment. The type, shape and weight of the package must ensure the loading of the package on regular vehicles using forklifts.

2.2.11. When loading tractor equipment in mothballed form and there are towing facilities at transfer points that do not require the driver to be in the cab of the towed tractor, the latter must be closed and sealed with factory seals.

2.3. Reinforced concrete products and structures

2.3.1. Reinforced concrete products and structures (hereinafter referred to as reinforced concrete products) can be presented for transportation both in packed and unpacked form.

Packaged lightweight reinforced concrete products weighing less than 5 tons must be equipped with slinging devices.

2.3.2. Reinforced concrete products transported by rail and road using special devices (cassettes, combs, pyramids) must be supplied for transportation on ships and aircraft using these devices.

2.3.3. Small parts (lintels, window sills, light beams, asbestos-cement pipes) should be transported in bags and containers.

The normative and technical documentation for specific types of products should indicate the standards for packages and containers.

2.3.4. Reinforced concrete products must have devices for slinging and fastening (loops, holes).

Concrete sagging on slinging and fastening devices is not allowed.

On products that are not structurally provided for slinging devices and it is difficult to distinguish the top from the bottom (beams, slabs and other products with asymmetrically located reinforcement), the consignor must make the inscription "Top" with indelible paint.

2.3.5. On each reinforced concrete product, in a clearly visible place, marks (risks) should be applied with indelible paint, defining supports, fastenings of guy wires and slings in the absence of mounting loops or other devices on the products.

2.3.6. Reinforced concrete products from autoclaved cellular and heat-resistant concretes on liquid glass, as well as multilayer products with a layer of insulation, elements with plug-in window frames and door blocks must be protected at manufacturing plants from damage and moisture. Textured, sanded or veneered surfaces wall panels and blocks must be protected from damage by means of soft sponge rubber pads or technical coarse wool felt.

2.3.7. Window sashes and doors inserted into the frames should be fixed in the closed state.

2.3.8. Structural elements that do not have sufficient rigidity during transportation must be temporarily reinforced.

2.3.9. The consignor is obliged, before presenting reinforced concrete products for transportation, to issue to the transport organization the cargo characteristics of the products and the conditions for their slinging and storage, which indicate:

Product name, brand, weight in kilograms, dimensions (length, width, height or thickness);

Scheme of storage and the number of tiers allowed in the stack, based on the strength characteristics of the products;

Dimensions of linings and gaskets (taking into account the height of the mounting loops and protruding parts of the products);

Slinging scheme indicating the maximum angles of deviation of the branches of the sling from the vertical;

Data on gripping devices;

Special conditions for loading and unloading operations and placement.

2.4. Cargo in containers

2.4.1. Containers with such damages, deformations and malfunctions are not allowed for transportation, as a result of which the safety of reloading, the reliability of fastening containers are not ensured, or damage to the transported cargo, loss of the contents of the container and access to the cargo is possible.

2.4.2. Containers loaded in excess of the permissible displacement of the center of mass of the cargo are not allowed to be reloaded and transported.

2.4.3. Loading the container in excess of its carrying capacity is not allowed.

2.5. Cargoes in overpacks

2.5.1. Cargoes that, due to their size and properties, can be formed into transport packages, must be presented by the sender for transportation in packaged form.

The package is a transport package. All shipping documents should indicate both the number of packages and the number of individual places in them.

2.5.2. The transport characteristics of enlarged packages (dimensions, weight, specific loading volume) and the conditions for their formation must comply with GOST 7566, GOST 10692, GOST 16369, GOST 19041, GOST 19848, GOST 21391, GOST 21399, GOST 21650, GOST 23285, GOST 24597 , GOST 26663.

2.5.3. The design of the packages must ensure their strength, stability, the impossibility of removing individual packages from the package without violating the packaging means, strapping or control tapes, as well as reliability during reloading and transportation in several tiers.

When determining the possibility of multi-tier transportation of packages, the capacity of the cargo spaces of vehicles should be taken into account.

Registration of cargo documents should provide for the possibility of control without disbanding the packages.

2.5.4. Filling the area of ​​flat pallets with a stack of cargo should be at least 90%.

2.5.5. In the standards for strapping materials and packaging means, it is necessary to indicate the possibility of their use when transporting cargo on an open rolling stock, including in conditions of exposure to the marine environment, taking into account the requirements of GOST 15150.

2.6. Heavy cargo and oversized equipment (TG)

2.6.1. Equipment in boxes and unpacked, metal structures, the specific pressure from which on vehicles exceeds the allowable, must be transported according to special projects, the need for the development of which is determined by the carrier.

2.6.2. On each TG, the building sites and the center of gravity must be marked without fail. If, in order to ensure the safety of the cargo and the safety of transshipment operations when moving by cranes, the use of any spacer beams, frames and other special devices, except for the usual ring or end slings, is required, a lashing diagram must be attached to each package or such a diagram must be sent to the transport organization before the arrival of the cargo.

2.6.3. The lashing points must be equipped and placed on the load, and the load must be installed on the vehicle so that the winding of the load gripping devices can be carried out without preliminary lifting and moving away.

2.6.4. If any special load handling devices, frames, traverses, etc. are required for transshipment operations, which are not available at the transshipment point, they must be supplied by the consignor together with the cargo or in advance. The need for such a supply must be agreed in advance.

2.6.5. Slinging schemes for TGs of large dimensions or complex shapes must be agreed with transport organizations in advance, and the shipment of goods should be carried out only after such agreement.

2.6.6. Cargoes with a complex configuration of the supporting surface, cylindrical, spherical and conical, must be presented for transportation together with special supports, pedestals and keel blocks necessary for stacking in a warehouse and placing on a vehicle.

2.6.7. Placement and fastening of TG is carried out, as a rule, in accordance with special transportation projects.

2.6.8. The cargo owner submits, at the request of the carrier, a project for the transportation of heavy cargo.

The development of the project is carried out by a specialized design organization, a carrier or by order of the cargo owner and at his expense.

2.6.9. The project for the transportation of heavy cargo should include: the choice of a vehicle, schemes and calculations for the placement and securing of cargo, calculations of the stability and strength of vehicles, calculations and documentation for their retrofitting, transshipment technology, preparations for loading and unloading points.

The project should provide for the submission by the consignor to the point of departure of the necessary auxiliary materials and devices for loading and unloading, storage, fastening and transportation (traverses, frames, gaskets, racks, beams, wedges, etc.).

2.6.10. The cargo is accepted for transportation after the transportation project is agreed by the carrier. If necessary, transportation projects are agreed with the consignor, loading and unloading points and other transport and assembly departments involved in the delivery and assembly of the cargo.

2.7. Packaged cargo

2.7.1. Packaged goods must be presented for transportation in packages or containers.

2.7.2. Unpackaged piece cargo (cylinders, bottles, canisters) should be presented for transportation only in packages or containers.

Non-containable goods, such as bagged goods (cement, alumina, etc.), should be presented for carriage in bags.

2.7.3. Packaged cargoes, the strength of which is insufficient, must be presented for transportation in box and rack pallets in accordance with GOST 9570 in accordance with the requirements of GOST 19848 or in containers. P = 18F (n - 1),

(1)

where F is the weight of the package (gross), t;

n - number of tiers in height (maximum height of the cargo space is 7 - 8 m).

The specific load from the mass of one package must not exceed 20 kPa (2.0 t/m2).

3.2.2. The fastening of cargo in containers along the horizontal component must withstand the load Fg, kgf, calculated by the formula

where P is the weight of the cargo (gross), kg.

3.3. Cargoes in a shipping container with a gross weight of more than 1 t, machines, equipment, assemblies and parts presented for transportation without packaging or with partial protection, for the convenience of performing transshipment operations and the possibility of fastening on a vehicle, must have devices (rings, brackets, butt, hooks , mounting loops, sling holes) or places for slinging or winding flexible fastening elements and inserting the forks of the loader.

These places and devices must be marked or specified in the accompanying documentation.

3.4. When transporting goods, the mechanical strength of wooden boxes and crates and methods of its control must comply with the requirements of GOST 26838, GOST 18425, GOST 21136, GOST 25064, and boxes made of corrugated cardboard - GOST 9142.

Term Explanation General cargo Various piece cargo: metal products, mobile equipment (self-propelled and non-self-propelled on wheeled or caterpillar tracks), reinforced concrete products and structures, containers, packaged cargo, cargo in transport packages, oversized and heavy cargo, timber cargo

Designation	GOST 26653-90
Title in Russian	Preparation of general cargo for transportation. General requirements
Title in English	Preparation of general cargoes for transportation. General requirements
Date of entry into force	01.07.1991
OKS	55.020
KGS code	D08
OKSTU code	0079
SRSTI rubricator index	818811; 7301
Annotation (scope)	This standard establishes general requirements for the preparation of general cargo for transportation in direct and mixed traffic: sea, river, rail, road and air transport
Keywords	general cargo; preparation for transportation;
Type of standard	Fundamental Standards
Type of requirements	Requirements for certification
Designation of the replacement(s)	GOST 26653-85
Normative references to: GOST	GOST 1.5-85; GOST 1639-78; GOST 2787-86; GOST 7566-81; GOST 9142-84; GOST 9570-84; GOST 10198-78; GOST 10692-80; GOST 14192-77; GOST 15150-69; GOST 15151-69; GOST 15846-79; GOST 16369-80; GOST 18425-73; GOST 18477-79; GOST 19433-88; GOST 19848-74; GOST 21136-75; GOST 21140-75; GOST 21391-84; GOST 21399-75; GOST 21650-76; GOST 21929-76; GOST 22235-76; GOST 22477-77; GOST 23238-78; GOST 23285-78; GOST 24597-81; GOST 25014-81; GOST 25064-81; GOST 26319-84; GOST 26663-85; GOST 26838-86
Department of Rostekhregulirovanie	510 - Scientific and technical management
MND developer	Russian Federation
Interstate TC	223 - Packing
Date of last edition	05.09.1990
Number of pages (original)	15
Status	Active

GOST 26653-90

INTERSTATE STANDARD

PREPARATION OF GENERAL CARGO
TO TRANSPORTATION

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

IPK STANDARDS PUBLISHING HOUSE

Moscow

INTERSTATE STANDARD

PREPARATION OF GENERAL CARGO TO TRANSPORTATION General requirements Preparation of general cargoes for transportation. General requirements

GOST 26653-90

Date of introduction 01.07.91

This standard establishes general requirements for the preparation of general cargo for transportation in direct and mixed traffic: sea, river, rail, road and air transport.

The requirements of the standard should be taken into account when developing standards, technical specifications for products prepared for transportation, in terms of packaging, labeling, transportation and storage, when planning and organizing the shipment of goods, concluding agreements and contracts for the supply of export and import goods.

.

1.1. The cargo must be prepared for transportation, taking into account the requirements of product standards, the Rules for the Transportation of Goods in force for the relevant modes of transport, and the Agreement on International Freight Transport by Rail (SMGS).

1.2. Preparation of cargo for transportation should ensure:

Safety of cargo throughout the transportation and safety of the vehicle and the environment;

Maximum use of the carrying capacity and (or) carrying capacity of vehicles and lifting mechanisms with the obligatory ensuring the safety of the cargo and the safety of its transportation;

Necessary strength of cargo packaging during stacking and reloading operations;

Convenience of carrying out cargo operations, fastening and placement on vehicles and in warehouses.

1.3. When preparing cargo for transportation, the following should be taken into account:

Cargo properties, transportation area, delivery time and season;

The duration of the impact of hydrometeorological factors, including in microclimatic regions;

The dynamic nature of the loads acting on the corresponding mode of transport;

Capacity and dimensions of cargo spaces, vehicles;

The need to secure cargo;

The need to ensure certain temperature, ventilation and humidity conditions in the cargo spaces of vehicles;

The possibility of complex mechanization of transshipment processes to ensure high labor productivity and reduce vehicle downtime during loading and unloading;

Risk of damage to cargo and machines, injury to people during reloading operations in case of insufficient or incorrect information of transport organizations about the properties of the cargo and the correct methods of its reloading, as well as due to their unpreparedness for cargo operations;

Non-compliance of the form of presentation of cargo for transportation with the technological requirements of the transshipment and transportation processes;

The need for preliminary information from transport organizations on the form of presentation of cargo for transportation or on its change in order to determine or clarify the technology of transportation and its processing at transshipment points;

The possibility of enlargement and unification of packages in order to create conditions for the mechanization and automation of the movement and slinging of goods.

1.4. The transport container and packaging of the cargo presented for transportation must comply with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation, have seals, locks, control tapes and special devices for fastening on the vehicle and be adapted for quick, convenient and safe slinging of cargo when moving its cranes and loaders.

1.5. Packing equipment for package transportation to the Far North should be predominantly single use.

1.6. The transport container and packaging of the cargo must ensure its safety during the production of cargo operations using load gripping devices.

1.7. Cargo labeling must comply with the requirements and the requirements provided for in the regulatory and technical documentation for specific products.

1.8. The standards and specifications for a specific cargo in containers or without it should stipulate the possibility of its transportation on open vehicles and on the upper (open) deck of ships under conditions of exposure to water in accordance with.

1.9. Requirements for the packaging of cargo, the conditions and features of its transportation, methods and means of consolidation of packages should be set out in the regulatory and technical documentation for a specific type of cargo in the section "Packaging, marking, transportation and storage" in accordance with the requirements of GOST 1.5.

1.10. Tare and packaging of goods sent to the Far North must comply with the requirements.

1.11. The consignor is responsible for the consequences of deficiencies in the packaging and internal packaging of goods (breakage, breakage, deformation, leakage, etc.), as well as the use of containers and packaging that do not correspond to the properties of the cargo, its weight or established standards.

1.12. The cargo and its packaging presented for transportation in mixed and direct communications must ensure their safety during transshipment, as well as the safety of railway rolling stock in accordance with.

2.1. Metal products

2.1.1. Preparation of certain types of metal products for transportation should be carried out in accordance with the requirements , as well as the current regulatory and technical documentation for certain types of metal products.

2.1.2. Means of packaging metal products and strapping methods should ensure the safety of bundles, bundles, rolls and coils from spilling and unwinding, from loss and depersonalization of labels both during transshipment operations and during transportation.

2.1.3. When packing long metal products according to , load-bearing means of baling with upper grip points should be used, or the configuration of the bales and methods of their placement in vehicles should allow slinging and unslinging without lifting, spreading and other similar manual operations. Deviation from this rule is allowed only upon agreement with the port or railway station where the cargo is sent, if they have special lifting equipment (magnets, manipulators, etc.). An indication of the possibility of slinging for load-bearing strapping and packaging means must be marked on the cargo or included in the shipping documents.

2.1.4. Rolled metal products (rails, rods, shaped steel, pipes up to 350 mm in diameter, etc.), non-ferrous metal ingots, copper and nickel cathodes, packaged and unpacked coils (rolled wire, barbed wire, etc.) must be delivered for transportation in packages.

2.1.5. Heavy and long scrap metal must be divided into parts in accordance with . Small metal waste is pressed into bags or stacked in bales. Small scrap in the form of used hardware, tools, non-ferrous metal scrap is packed in strong containers: boxes, barrels or specialized containers.

Only recycled scrap is accepted for transportation in mixed traffic.

2.1.6. Sheet steel in coils, transported end-mounted, should be delivered on skids, or it should be adapted for handling by pinching lever grippers that compress the coil from the outside and from the inside.

2.2.1. In the documents for self-propelled equipment and in the information leaflet attached to the windshield of the cab from the inside, the name and brand of fuel with which it is refueled should be indicated. At the time of loading onto vehicles, mobile equipment must be refueled in an amount of at least 5 dm 3 for cars and at least 12 dm 3 for all other types of self-propelled equipment.

2.2.2. The engine cooling system must be filled with antifreeze (antifreeze), and the batteries are filled with electrolyte, charged and ready to start the engine.

At an outside air temperature above 4 °C, the engine cooling system can be filled with water.

When loading self-propelled equipment onto vehicles at an outside air temperature below 4 °C and in the absence of antifreeze in the cooling system, it is allowed to fill it with hot water. Drainage of water from the cooling system should be carried out immediately after loading the equipment onto the vehicle.

2.2.3. When transporting mobile equipment in mixed traffic, its preparation for transportation is carried out by consignors in accordance with the requirements for vehicles according to.

2.2.4. Light and sound alarms, as well as all other devices that ensure traffic safety, must be installed and in good working order on the machines.

2.2.5. With the first unit of each type of equipment, or in advance, the consignor is obliged to send to the port, airport and railway station at least three copies of the instructions for the operation and management of the equipment.

2.2.6. For mobile equipment, with the exception of cars, the manufacturer must draw up a slinging scheme for reloading with lifting devices, indicating the slinging points, lifting devices, the location of the slinging branches and the center of gravity. The location of the slinging branches and the devices used must exclude the possibility of damage to the mobile equipment and its paintwork.

The slinging chart should be attached to the inside of the cab glass. If the mobile equipment does not have a cabin, the scheme is attached in a conspicuous place with protection from damage by precipitation.

2.2.7. Passenger cars shipped in packaged form must be presented for transportation in wooden lattice boxes according to.

2.2.8. When sending mobile equipment intended for loading under its own power, stored in ports, airports and railway stations, timely recharging of batteries and the performance of all other work provided for by the instructions for the operation of mobile equipment when stored on a contractual basis must be ensured.

2.2.9. Tractor equipment, for which long-term storage is possible before being sold to the buyer, is shipped in mothballed form with dry-charged batteries. At the same time, manufacturers are obliged, on the basis of contracts, to provide transport organizations with the equipment and devices necessary for loading and unloading tractor equipment onto vehicles without depreservation.

2.2.10. If it is impossible to load spare parts and attachments onto the autotractor equipment, it is allowed to ship the latter in a packaged form for a batch of equipment. The type, shape and weight of the package must ensure the loading of the package on regular vehicles using forklifts.

2.2.11. When loading tractor equipment in mothballed form and there are towing facilities at transfer points that do not require the driver to be in the cab of the towed tractor, the latter must be closed and sealed with factory seals.

2.3.1. Reinforced concrete products and structures (hereinafter referred to as reinforced concrete products) can be presented for transportation both in packed and unpacked form.

Packaged lightweight reinforced concrete products weighing less than 5 tons must be equipped with slinging devices.

2.3.2. Reinforced concrete products transported by rail and road using special devices (cassettes, combs, pyramids) must be supplied for transportation on ships and aircraft using these devices.

2.3.3. Small parts (lintels, window sills, light beams, asbestos-cement pipes) should be transported in bags and containers.

The normative and technical documentation for specific types of products should indicate the standards for packages and containers.

2.3.4. Reinforced concrete products must have devices for slinging and fastening (loops, holes).

Concrete sagging on slinging and fastening devices is not allowed.

On products that are not structurally provided for slinging devices and it is difficult to distinguish the top from the bottom (beams, slabs and other products with asymmetrically located reinforcement), the consignor must make an indelible inscription "Top".

2.3.5. On each reinforced concrete product, in a clearly visible place, marks (risks) should be applied with indelible paint, defining supports, fastenings of guy wires and slings in the absence of mounting loops or other devices on the products.

2.3.6. Reinforced concrete products from autoclaved cellular and heat-resistant concretes on liquid glass, as well as multi-layer products with a layer of insulation, elements with insert window frames and door blocks must be protected at manufacturing plants from damage and moisture. The textured, sanded or lined surfaces of wall panels and blocks must be protected from damage with soft foam rubber pads or technical coarse wool felt.

2.3.7. Window sashes and doors inserted into the frames should be fixed in the closed state.

2.3.8. Structural elements that do not have sufficient rigidity during transportation must be temporarily reinforced.

2.3.9. The consignor is obliged, before presenting reinforced concrete products for transportation, to issue to the transport organization the cargo characteristics of the products and the conditions for their slinging and storage, which indicate:

Product name, brand, weight in kilograms, dimensions (length, width, height or thickness);

Scheme of storage and the number of tiers allowed in the stack, based on the strength characteristics of the products;

Dimensions of linings and gaskets (taking into account the height of the mounting loops and protruding parts of the products);

Slinging scheme indicating the maximum angles of deviation of the branches of the sling from the vertical;

Data on gripping devices;

Special conditions for loading and unloading operations and placement.

2.4.1. Containers with such damages, deformations and malfunctions are not allowed for transportation, as a result of which the safety of reloading, the reliability of fastening containers are not ensured, or damage to the transported cargo, loss of the contents of the container and access to the cargo is possible.

2.4.2. Containers loaded in excess of the permissible displacement of the center of mass of the cargo are not allowed to be reloaded and transported.

2.5.1. Cargoes that, due to their size and properties, can be formed into transport packages, must be presented by the sender for transportation in packaged form.

The package is a transport package. All shipping documents should indicate both the number of packages and the number of individual items in them.

2.5.2. The transport characteristics of enlarged packages (dimensions, weight, specific loading volume) and the conditions for their formation must comply.

2.5.3. The design of the packages must ensure their strength, stability, the impossibility of removing individual packages from the package without violating the packaging means, strapping or control tapes, as well as reliability during reloading and transportation in several tiers.

When determining the possibility of multi-tier transportation of packages, the capacity of the cargo spaces of vehicles should be taken into account.

Registration of cargo documents should provide for the possibility of control without disbanding the packages.

2.5.4. Filling the area of ​​flat pallets with a stack of cargo should be at least 90%.

2.5.5. In the standards for strapping materials and packaging means, it is necessary to indicate the possibility of their use when transporting cargo on an open rolling stock, including in conditions of exposure to the marine environment, taking into account the requirements.

2.6.1. Equipment in boxes and unpacked, metal structures, the specific pressure from which on vehicles exceeds the allowable, must be transported according to special projects, the need for the development of which is determined by the carrier.

2.6.2. On each TG, the building sites and the center of gravity must be marked without fail. If, in order to ensure the safety of the cargo and the safety of transshipment operations when moving by cranes, the use of any spacer beams, frames and other special devices, except for the usual ring or end slings, is required, a lashing diagram must be attached to each package or such a diagram must be sent to the transport organization before the arrival of the cargo.

2.6.3. The lashing points must be equipped and placed on the load, and the load must be installed on the vehicle so that the winding of the load gripping devices can be carried out without preliminary lifting and moving away.

2.6.4. If any special load handling devices, frames, traverses, etc. are required for transshipment operations, which are not available at the transshipment point, they must be supplied by the consignor together with the cargo or in advance. The need for such a supply must be agreed in advance.

2.6.5. Slinging schemes for TGs of large dimensions or complex shapes must be agreed with transport organizations in advance, and the shipment of goods should be carried out only after such agreement.

2.6.6. Cargoes with a complex configuration of the supporting surface, cylindrical, spherical and conical, must be presented for transportation together with special supports, pedestals and keel blocks necessary for stacking in a warehouse and placing on a vehicle.

2.6.7. Placement and fastening of TG is carried out, as a rule, in accordance with special transportation projects.

2.6.8. The cargo owner submits, at the request of the carrier, a project for the transportation of heavy cargo.

The development of the project is carried out by a specialized design organization, a carrier or by order of the cargo owner and at his expense.

2.6.9. The project for the transportation of heavy cargo should include: the choice of a vehicle, schemes and calculations for the placement and securing of cargo, calculations of the stability and strength of vehicles, calculations and documentation for their retrofitting, transshipment technology, preparations for loading and unloading points.

The project should provide for the submission by the consignor to the point of departure of the necessary auxiliary materials and devices for loading and unloading, storage, fastening and transportation (traverses, frames, gaskets, racks, beams, wedges, etc.).

2.6.10. The cargo is accepted for transportation after the transportation project is agreed by the carrier. If necessary, transportation projects are agreed with the consignor, loading and unloading points and other transport and assembly departments involved in the delivery and assembly of the cargo.

2.7.1. Packaged goods must be presented for transportation in packages or containers.

2.7.2. Unpackaged piece cargo (cylinders, bottles, canisters) should be presented for transportation only in packages or containers.

Non-containable goods, such as bagged goods (cement, alumina, etc.), should be presented for carriage in bags.

2.7.3. Packaged cargoes, the strength of which is insufficient, must be presented for transportation in box and rack pallets according to or in containers.

3.1. Cargoes that require packaging to protect against loss, damage and damage, or that pose a danger to people, transshipment and vehicles in an unpacked form, must be offered for transportation in containers and packaging that meets the requirements of the standards.

Dangerous goods - GOST 26319, products shipped to the Far North and hard-to-reach areas - GOST 15846.

3.2. The design of the container must withstand the tests according to .

3.2.1. When placing vehicles in cargo spaces in several tiers in height, the tare load P, kPa, is calculated by the formula

where F- weight of the package (gross), t;

n- the number of tiers in height (the maximum height of the cargo space is 7 - 8 m).

The specific load from the mass of one package must not exceed 20 kPa (2.0 t/m2).

3.2.2. The fastening of the cargo in the container along the horizontal component must withstand the load F g, kgf, calculated by the formula

F g = 0,75 Q, (2)

where Q- cargo weight (net), kg.

The means of fastening cargo in packages must ensure their safety under the action of maximum, inertial loads that occur on the modes of transport involved in the transportation.

3.2.3. When lifting in slings, a container with a load must withstand the load (compression force from the sling) F, in newtons, calculated by the formula

F = 12 P, (3)

where R- weight of cargo (gross), kg.

3.3. Cargoes in a shipping container with a gross weight of more than 1 t, machines, equipment, assemblies and parts presented for transportation without packaging or with partial protection, for the convenience of performing transshipment operations and the possibility of fastening on a vehicle, must have devices (rings, brackets, butt, hooks , mounting loops, sling holes) or places for slinging or winding flexible fastening elements and inserting the forks of the loader.

These places and devices must be marked or specified in the accompanying documentation.

3.4. When transporting goods, the mechanical strength of wooden boxes and crates and methods for its control must comply with the requirements.

3.5. If the RTD for products provides for the reuse of containers, they must meet the following conditions:

Boxes and crates must be intact, without warping the frame and leaks due to the departure of nails;

Barrels must be without dents, smudges, with complete set hoops;

Bags must be intact, dry, ensuring the safety of the cargo during re-transportation and reloading;

The packaging should not have protruding sharp objects in the form of nails, wire.

3.6. The mechanical strength of the returnable packaging must comply with the requirements of the standards given in paragraph .

APPENDIX

Reference

EXPLANATION TO THE TERM USED IN THE STANDARD

INFORMATION DATA

1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the Ministry of the Navy of the USSR

2. APPROVED AND INTRODUCED BY Decree of the USSR State Committee for Product Quality Management and Standards dated June 25, 1990 No. 1831

3. REPLACE GOST 26653-85

4. REFERENCE REGULATIONS AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

	Number of paragraph, subparagraph		Number of paragraph, subparagraph
GOST 1.5-2001
GOST 1639-93		GOST 19848-74
		GOST 21136-75
GOST 7566-94		GOST 21140-88
GOST 9142-90
		GOST 21399-75
GOST 10198-91		GOST 21650-76
GOST 10692-80		GOST 22235-76
GOST 14192-96		GOST 22477-77
GOST 15150-69		GOST 23285-78
GOST 15151-69		GOST 24597-81
GOST 15846-2002		GOST 25014-81
		GOST 25064-81
GOST 18425-73		GOST 26319-84
GOST 18477-79		GOST 26663-85
GOST 19041-85		GOST 26838-86

5. REPUBLICATION. April 2003

Directory of GOSTs, TU, standards, norms and rules. SNiP, SanPiN, certification, specifications

GOST 26653-2015

INTERSTATE STANDARD

PREPARATION OF GENERAL CARGO FOR TRANSPORTATION

General requirements

Preparation of general cargoes for transportation. General requirements

Introduction date 2017-03-01

Foreword

The goals, basic principles and basic procedure for carrying out work on interstate standardization are established in GOST 1.0-92 “Interstate standardization system. Basic Provisions” and GOST 1.2-2009 “Interstate Standardization System. Interstate standards, rules and recommendations for interstate standardization. Rules for the development, adoption, application, updating and cancellation”

About the standard

1 DEVELOPED JSC “Central Order of the Red Banner of Labor Research and Design Institute of the Marine Fleet”

2 INTRODUCED TC 318 “Morflot”

3 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification protocol dated September 29, 2015 N 80-P

Short name of the country according to MK (ISO 3166) 004-97		Abbreviated name of the national standards body
		Armstate standard
Belarus		State Standard of the Republic of Belarus
Kazakhstan		State Standard of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan		Kyrgyzstandart
		Gosstandart of Russia
Tajikistan		Tajikstandart

Information about changes to this standard is published in the annual information index “National Standards” (as of January 1 of the current year), and the text of changes and amendments is published in the monthly information index “National Standards”. In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, a corresponding notice will be published in the monthly information index “National Standards”. Relevant information, notification and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet

1 area of ​​use

This standard establishes general requirements for the preparation of general cargo for transportation in direct and mixed traffic: by road, air, rail, sea and river transport.

The requirements of this standard should be taken into account when developing standards, specifications and working documentation for products prepared for transportation, in terms of packaging, labeling, transportation and storage, when planning and organizing the shipment of goods, concluding agreements and contracts for the supply of goods, when exercising state control for the fulfillment by the consignor of obligations to prepare general cargo for transportation, including informing the carrier about hazardous properties cargo requiring special precautions, including through the involvement of specialized organizations accredited in the prescribed manner.

2 Normative references

This standard uses normative references to the following interstate standards:

3.20 heavy, bulky, oversized and long cargo: Cargo, the weight and size characteristics of which exceed those established by the rules for the carriage of goods by the corresponding mode of transport.

Note - For the criteria for classifying cargo into each of these categories, see the rules for the carriage of goods by the corresponding mode of transport.

3.21 emergency braking: Braking to reduce the vehicle's speed as quickly as possible.

3.22 cargo separation: Separation of one consignment from another in the warehouse and on the vehicle.

3.23 lodgment(support assembly): A shaped support in a warehouse or vehicle for cargo with a complex shape of the supporting surface.

3.24 keel block(keelblock): A support for the bottom of a ship standing on a slipway or in the dock, or a figured stand for installing a boat, boat on the deck of a ship or ashore.

4 General provisions

4.1 The cargo must be prepared for transportation in accordance with this standard and taking into account the requirements of standards, technical conditions and working documentation for products, the rules for the carriage of goods in force for the corresponding mode of transport, , , and the Agreement on International Rail Freight Traffic (SMGS) .

4.2 Preparation of cargo for transportation should ensure:

– the safety of cargo and vehicles throughout the transportation, environmental safety, compliance with the requirements for the placement and securing of cargo that apply to the corresponding mode of transport;

- maximum use of the carrying capacity and capacity of vehicles and handling equipment with the obligatory ensuring the safety of the cargo and the safety of its transportation;

- the necessary strength of the cargo packaging during storage (stacking) and loading and unloading operations, as well as under the influence of standard dynamic loads to be taken into account on the corresponding mode of transport in accordance with Appendix A and , ;

- proper, in accordance with the standards, specifications and working documentation for products, securing the cargo inside the cargo unit;

– convenience of carrying out cargo operations, placement and fastening on vehicles and warehouses.

4.3 When preparing cargo for transportation, the following should be taken into account:

- transport characteristics and properties of the cargo, geographical area, delivery time and time of year;

- the duration of the impact of hydrometeorological factors, including in microclimatic regions;

- capacity and dimensions of closed and open cargo spaces, compartments, compartments, platforms of vehicles: ships, wagons, car bodies, aircraft, etc.;

- the need to secure a load that poses a risk of displacement (see B.3 of Appendix B), taking into account the use of materials with an increased coefficient of friction given in Appendix C and , ;

- the need to ensure certain temperature, humidity and ventilation conditions in the cargo spaces of vehicles;

– the possibility of using means of mechanization of reloading processes;

- the risk of damage to cargo and vehicles, injury to people during reloading operations in case of insufficient or unreliable awareness of transport organizations about the transport characteristics and properties of the cargo, and safe ways its transshipment, placement and fastening, and on the vehicle;

– the need to inform transport organizations in advance about the type of presentation of cargo for transportation or about its change in order to determine or clarify the technology of its transportation and processing at transshipment points. The form of such information used in maritime transportation is given in Appendix B and is recommended for use in transportation by other modes of transport;

- the possibility of consolidation of cargo places.

4.4 The shipping container and packaging of the cargo presented for transportation must comply with the requirements of the standards, technical specifications and working documentation for the products, provide, if necessary, the possibility of using and / or have seals, locking and sealing devices, locks, control tapes and special devices for mounting on a vehicle; be adapted for fast, convenient and safe slinging of cargo when moving it by means of handling equipment.

4.5 Cargoes with a complex configuration of the supporting surface, cylindrical, spherical and conical, should be presented together with special supports necessary for transportation, pedestals, lodgements and keel blocks of sufficient strength. Cargoes with a displaced center of gravity should be presented for transportation subject to the requirements of 5.3.2.

4.6 Shipping containers and packaging of cargo should ensure its safety and safety of carrying out cargo operations using load gripping devices.

4.7 The marking of the cargo must comply with the requirements of GOST 14192 and the requirements provided for by the technical specifications and working documentation for specific products, and the marking characterizing the type and degree of danger must comply with the requirements of GOST 19433, international rules and agreements on the transport of dangerous goods in force in the member states these agreements, the rules for the transport of dangerous goods in force on the relevant mode of transport, , , , , , , .

4.8 The standards and technical specifications for a specific cargo in containers or without it should stipulate the possibility of its transportation on vehicles with an open body or on the upper (open) deck of ships under the influence of water in accordance with GOST 15150, GOST 15151.

4.9 Requirements for the packaging of cargo, conditions and features of its transportation, methods and means of consolidation of packages should be given in the standards, specifications and working documentation for products of a particular type in the section “Packaging, marking, transportation and storage” in accordance with the requirements of GOST 1.5 .

4.10 Tare and packaging of goods shipped to the Far North must comply with the requirements of GOST 15846.

4.11 The consignor is responsible for the consequences caused by the provision of false information about the cargo and its properties, deficiencies in the marking, tare and internal packaging of the cargo (breakage, breakage, deformation, leakage, etc.), as well as the use of containers and packaging that do not correspond to the properties cargo, its weight or established standards, specifications and working documentation for products of a particular type, as a result of which circumstances arose that affected the safety of transportation and the safety of the transported cargo.

4.12 Cargo and its packaging offered for transportation in mixed and direct communications must ensure their safety during transshipment, as well as the safety of railway rolling stock in accordance with GOST 22235 and GOST 22477, vehicles of other modes of transport and cargo transport units.

5 Cargo requirements

5.1 Steel products

5.1.1 Preparation of certain types of metal products for transportation should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 7566, GOST 10692, as well as applicable standards, specifications and working documentation for specific types of metal products.

5.1.2 The means of packaging metal products and strapping methods should ensure, in accordance with the requirements of GOST 9498, GOST 11070, GOST 13843, GOST 19437, the safety of packs, bundles, rolls and coils from spilling and unwinding, from loss and depersonalization of labels as in reloading operations as well as during transportation.

5.1.3 When packing steel products in accordance with GOST 7566 and GOST 10692, load-bearing means of packing with upper gripping points should be used, or the configuration of the packages and the methods of their placement in vehicles should provide slinging and slinging without lifting, spreading and other operations. Deviation from this rule is allowed only upon agreement with the operator of the cargo terminal where the cargo is sent, if the cargo terminal has special lifting equipment (magnets, manipulators, etc.). An indication of the possibility of slinging for load-bearing strapping and bundling means must be marked on the cargo and / or indicated in the shipping documents.

5.1.4 Rolled metal products (rails, rods, shaped steel, pipes up to 350 mm in diameter, etc.), non-ferrous metal ingots, copper and nickel cathodes, packaged and unpackaged coils (rolled wire, barbed wire, etc.) must be presented for transportation in packages.

5.1.5 Ferrous metal scrap must be divided into parts in accordance with GOST 2787, non-ferrous metal scrap - GOST 1639. Fine metal waste should be pressed into briquettes or formed into transport packages. Small scrap in the form of used hardware, tools, non-ferrous metal scrap should be placed in strong containers: boxes, barrels or specialized containers.

5.1.6 Sheet steel in coils, transported with installation on the end, should be delivered on skids, or coils should be adapted for reloading with tong grippers that compress the coil wall from the inside and outside.

5.2 Mobile (autotractor) equipment

5.2.1 In the shipping documents for self-propelled equipment and in the information sheet attached to the windshield of the cab from the inside, the name and brand of fuel intended for refueling should be indicated. At the time of loading onto vehicles, mobile equipment must be filled with fuel in the amount prescribed by the rules for the carriage of goods on the corresponding mode of transport.

5.2.2 The engine cooling system must be filled with antifreeze, and the batteries charged and ready to start the engine. After loading the equipment onto the vehicle, the key in the ignition lock must be left in the “off” position.

When the outside air temperature on the delivery route is above 4°C, the engine cooling system can be filled with water. When loading self-propelled machinery onto vehicles at an outside air temperature below 4°C and in the absence of antifreeze in the cooling system, it is allowed to refuel self-propelled machinery with hot water. Drainage of water from the cooling system in this case should be carried out immediately after loading the self-propelled equipment onto the vehicle.

5.2.3 When transporting mobile equipment in mixed traffic, its preparation for transportation is carried out by the consignor in accordance with the requirements for vehicles in accordance with GOST 15846.

5.2.4 Light and sound alarms, as well as all other devices that ensure traffic safety, must be installed and in good working order on mobile equipment.

5.2.5 With the first unit of self-propelled equipment of each type, or in advance, the consignor is obliged to send to the cargo terminals at least three copies of the instructions for the operation and management of self-propelled equipment, in cases provided for by the rules for the carriage of goods by the corresponding mode of transport.

5.2.6 For mobile equipment, including passenger cars, the manufacturer must draw up a slinging scheme for reloading with lifting devices, indicating the slinging points, lifting devices, the location of the slinging branches and the center of gravity. The location of the slinging branches and the devices used must exclude the possibility of damage to the mobile equipment and its paintwork.

The slinging chart should be attached to the inside of the cab glass. If the mobile equipment does not have a cabin, the scheme is attached in a conspicuous place with protection from damage by precipitation.

5.2.7 Cars shipped in containers must be presented for transportation in wooden lattice boxes in accordance with GOST 10198.

5.2.8 When dispatching equipment intended for loading on its own, located at cargo terminals, on a contractual basis, timely recharging of batteries and the performance of all other work provided for by the instructions for the operation of mobile equipment during its storage, including during piggyback transportation, must be ensured.

5.2.9 Tractor equipment, for which long-term storage is possible before sale, is shipped in mothballed form with dry-charged batteries. At the same time, manufacturers are obliged, on a contractual basis, to provide transport organizations with the devices necessary for loading and unloading tractor equipment onto vehicles without depreservation.

5.2.10 If it is impossible to mount a set of spare parts and attachments on a unit of automotive and tractor equipment, it is allowed to ship such sets in separate packages along with the dispatched batch of equipment.

5.2.11 When tractor equipment is loaded in mothballed form and there are towing facilities at the transshipment points that do not require the driver to be in the cab of the towed tractor, the cabs must be closed and sealed.

5.2.12 For large imported equipment shipped from the port in a partially dismantled state, instructions for dismantling the equipment must be provided in advance. Dismantling works are carried out on a contractual basis.

5.3 Oversized and heavy cargo (OTG)

5.3.1 The criteria for classifying each cargo as long, oversized and heavy are determined by the rules for the carriage of goods in force for the corresponding mode of transport.

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This standard establishes general requirements for the preparation of general cargo for transportation in direct and mixed traffic: sea, river, rail, road and air transport

• Replaces GOST 26653-85 “Preparation of general cargo for transportation by sea. General requirements"
• Replaced by GOST 26653-2015 “Preparation of general cargo for transportation. General requirements” IUS 11-2016

1. General Provisions

2 Cargo requirements

2.1 Steel products

2.2 Mobile technology

2.3 Concrete products and structures

2.4 Goods in containers

2.5 Goods in overpacks

2.6 Heavy loads and oversized equipment (TG)

2.7 Packaged goods

3 Requirements for shipping containers

Annex (informative) Explanation of the term used in the standard

This GOST is in:

Organizations:

Preparation of general cargoes for transportation. General requirements

• GOST 7566-94Metal products. Acceptance, marking, packaging, transportation and storage. Replaced by GOST 7566-2018.
• GOST 10692-80Pipes steel, pig-iron and connecting parts to them. Acceptance, marking, packaging, transportation and storage. Replaced by GOST 10692-2015.
• GOST 15150-69products. Versions for different climatic regions. Categories, conditions of operation, storage and transportation in terms of the impact of environmental climatic factors
• GOST 15151-69Machinery, devices and other technical products for areas with a tropical climate. General specifications
• GOST 21140-88Container. Size system
• GOST 21391-84Packaging tools. Terms and Definitions
• GOST 16369-96Timber transport packages. Dimensions
• GOST 19041-85Transport packages and block packages of lumber. Packing, marking, transportation and storage
• GOST 10198-91Wooden boxes for goods weighing St. 200 to 20000 kg. General specifications
• GOST 14192-96Cargo marking
• GOST 9570-84Pallets are box and rack. General specifications . Replaced by GOST 9570-2016.
• GOST 24597-81Packages packaged goods. Main parameters and dimensions
• GOST 26663-85Packages transport. Formation using packaging tools. General technical requirements
• GOST 21650-76Means of fastening packaged cargoes in transport packages. General requirements
• GOST 15846-79Products sent to the Far North and hard-to-reach areas. Packing, marking, transportation and storage. Replaced by GOST 15846-2002.
• GOST 1639-93 . Replaced by GOST 1639-2009.
• GOST 2787-75Ferrous secondary metals. General specifications . Replaced by GOST 2787-2019.
• GOST 22235-76Freight cars of 1520 mm gauge mainline railways. General requirements for ensuring safety in the production of loading and unloading and shunting operations. Replaced by GOST 22235-2010.
• GOST 1.5-2001Interstate system of standardization. Interstate standards, rules and recommendations for interstate standardization. General requirements for construction, presentation, design, content and designation
• GOST 18477-79Containers are universal. Types, basic parameters and dimensions
• GOST 14192-77Cargo labeling. Replaced by GOST 14192-96.
• GOST 1639-78Scrap and waste of non-ferrous metals and alloys. General specifications . Replaced by GOST 1639-93.
• GOST 18425-73The transport container is filled. Free fall impact test method. Replaced by GOST 18425-2018.
• GOST 19433-88Loads are dangerous. Classification and labeling
• GOST 19848-74Transportation of goods in box and rack pallets. General requirements
• GOST 21136-75The transport container is filled. Vibration test method at fixed low frequency
• GOST 21399-75Transport packages for ingots, cathodes and non-ferrous metal ingots. General requirements
• GOST 22477-77Means of securing transport packages in covered wagons. General technical requirements
• GOST 23285-78Transport packages for foodstuffs and glass containers. Specifications
• GOST 25014-81stacking strength. Replaced by GOST ISO 2234-2014 except method 4.
• GOST 25064-81The transport container is filled. Test Methods for a horizontal strike. Replaced by GOST ISO 2244-2013.
• GOST 26319-84Loads are dangerous. Package
• GOST 26838-86boxes and wooden battens. Mechanical strength standards
• GOST 9142-90boxes from corrugated cardboard. General specifications . Replaced by GOST 9142-2014.
• GOST 15846-2002Products sent to the regions of the Far North and areas equated to them. Packaging, marking, transportation and storage
• GOST 1.5-93Rules for carrying out work on interstate standardization. General requirements for the construction, presentation, design and content of standards. Replaced by GOST 1.5-2001.
• GOST 7566-81Rental and products of further processing. Rules for acceptance, marking, packaging, transportation and storage. Replaced by GOST 7566-94.
• GOST 16369-80Timber. Overpack sizes
• GOST 1.5-85State standardization system. Construction, presentation, design and content of standards
• GOST 21929-76Transportation of goods in packages. General requirements
• GOST 21140-75Container. Size system
• GOST 26653-85Preparation of general cargo for transportation by sea. General requirements

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INTERSTATE STANDARD

PREPARATION OF GENERAL CARGO
TO TRANSPORTATION

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

IPK STANDARDS PUBLISHING HOUSE
Moscow

INTERSTATE STANDARD

PREPARATION OF GENERAL CARGO TO TRANSPORTATION General requirements Preparation of general cargoes for transportation. General requirements

GOST 26653-90

Date of introduction 01.07.91

This standard establishes general requirements for the preparation of general cargo for transportation in direct and mixed traffic: sea, river, rail, road and air transport.

The requirements of the standard should be taken into account when developing standards, technical specifications for products prepared for transportation, in terms of packaging, labeling, transportation and storage, when planning and organizing the shipment of goods, concluding agreements and contracts for the supply of export and import goods.

An explanation of the term "general cargo" is given in the appendix.

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. The cargo must be prepared for transportation, taking into account the requirements of product standards, the Rules for the Transportation of Goods in force for the relevant modes of transport, and the Agreement on International Freight Transport by Rail (SMGS).

1.2. Preparation of cargo for transportation should ensure:

Safety of cargo throughout the transportation and safety of the vehicle and the environment;

Maximum use of the carrying capacity and (or) carrying capacity of vehicles and lifting mechanisms with the obligatory ensuring the safety of the cargo and the safety of its transportation;

Necessary strength of cargo packaging during stacking and reloading operations;

Convenience of carrying out cargo operations, fastening and placement on vehicles and in warehouses.

1.3. When preparing cargo for transportation, the following should be taken into account:

Cargo properties, transportation area, delivery time and season;

The duration of the impact of hydrometeorological factors, including in microclimatic regions;

The dynamic nature of the loads acting on the corresponding mode of transport;

Capacity and dimensions of cargo spaces, vehicles;

The need to secure cargo;

The need to ensure certain temperature, ventilation and humidity conditions in the cargo spaces of vehicles;

The possibility of complex mechanization of transshipment processes to ensure high labor productivity and reduce vehicle downtime during loading and unloading;

Risk of damage to cargo and machines, injury to people during reloading operations in case of insufficient or incorrect information of transport organizations about the properties of the cargo and the correct methods of its reloading, as well as due to their unpreparedness for cargo operations;

Non-compliance of the form of presentation of cargo for transportation with the technological requirements of the transshipment and transportation processes;

The need for preliminary information from transport organizations on the form of presentation of cargo for transportation or on its change in order to determine or clarify the technology of transportation and its processing at transshipment points;

The possibility of enlargement and unification of packages in order to create conditions for the mechanization and automation of the movement and slinging of goods.

1.4. The transport container and packaging of the cargo presented for transportation must comply with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation, have seals, locks, control tapes and special devices for fastening on the vehicle and be adapted for quick, convenient and safe slinging of cargo when moving its cranes and loaders.

1.5. Packing equipment for package transportation to the Far North should be predominantly single use.

1.6. The transport container and packaging of the cargo must ensure its safety during the production of cargo operations using load gripping devices.

1.7. Cargo marking must comply with the requirements of GOST 14192, GOST 19433 and the requirements provided for in the regulatory and technical documentation for specific products.

1.8. The standards and specifications for a specific cargo in containers or without it should stipulate the possibility of its transportation on open vehicles and on the upper (open) deck of ships under conditions of exposure to water in accordance with GOST 15150, GOST 15151.

1.9. Requirements for the packaging of cargo, the conditions and features of its transportation, methods and means of enlarging packages should be set out in the regulatory and technical documentation for a specific type of cargo in the section "Packaging, marking, transportation and storage" in accordance with the requirements of GOST 1.5.

1.10. Tare and packaging of goods sent to the Far North must comply with the requirements of GOST 15846.

1.11. The consignor is responsible for the consequences of deficiencies in the packaging and internal packaging of goods (breakage, breakage, deformation, leakage, etc.), as well as the use of containers and packaging that do not correspond to the properties of the cargo, its weight or established standards.

1.12. The cargo and its packaging presented for transportation in mixed and direct communications must ensure their safety during transshipment, as well as the safety of railway rolling stock in accordance with GOST 22235 and GOST 22477.

2. CARGO REQUIREMENTS

2.1. Metal products

2.1.1. Preparation of certain types of metal products for transportation should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 7566, GOST 10692, as well as the current regulatory and technical documentation for certain types of metal products.

2.1.2. Means of packaging metal products and strapping methods should ensure the safety of bundles, bundles, rolls and coils from spilling and unwinding, from loss and depersonalization of labels both during transshipment operations and during transportation.

2.1.3. When packing long metal products in accordance with GOST 7566, GOST 10692, GOST 19041, load-bearing means of packing with upper gripping points should be used, or the configuration of the packages and methods of their placement in vehicles should allow slinging and slinging without lifting, spreading and other similar manual operations. Deviation from this rule is allowed only upon agreement with the port or railway station where the cargo is sent, if they have special lifting equipment (magnets, manipulators, etc.). An indication of the possibility of slinging for load-bearing strapping and packaging means must be marked on the cargo or included in the shipping documents.

2.1.4. Rolled metal products (rails, rods, shaped steel, pipes up to 350 mm in diameter, etc.), non-ferrous metal ingots, copper and nickel cathodes, packaged and unpacked coils (rolled wire, barbed wire, etc.) must be delivered for transportation in packages.

2.1.5. Heavy and long scrap metal must be divided into parts in accordance with GOST 2787, non-ferrous metal scrap - GOST 1639. Small metal waste is pressed into bags or stacked in bales. Small scrap in the form of used hardware, tools, non-ferrous metal scrap is packed in strong containers: boxes, barrels or specialized containers.

Only recycled scrap is accepted for transportation in mixed traffic.

2.1.6. Sheet steel in coils, transported end-mounted, should be delivered on skids, or it should be adapted for handling by pinching lever grippers that compress the coil from the outside and from the inside.

2.2. Mobile technology

2.2.1. In the documents for self-propelled equipment and in the information leaflet attached to the windshield of the cab from the inside, the name and brand of fuel with which it is refueled should be indicated. At the time of loading onto vehicles, mobile equipment must be refueled in an amount of at least 5 dm 3 for cars and at least 12 dm 3 for all other types of self-propelled equipment.

2.2.2. The engine cooling system must be filled with antifreeze (antifreeze), and the batteries are filled with electrolyte, charged and ready to start the engine.

At an outside air temperature above 4 °C, the engine cooling system can be filled with water.

When loading self-propelled equipment onto vehicles at an outside air temperature below 4 °C and in the absence of antifreeze in the cooling system, it is allowed to fill it with hot water. Drainage of water from the cooling system should be carried out immediately after loading the equipment onto the vehicle.

2.2.3. When transporting mobile equipment in mixed traffic, its preparation for transportation is carried out by consignors in accordance with the requirements for vehicles in accordance with GOST 15846.

2.2.4. Light and sound alarms, as well as all other devices that ensure traffic safety, must be installed and in good working order on the machines.

2.2.5. With the first unit of each type of equipment, or in advance, the consignor is obliged to send to the port, airport and railway station at least three copies of the instructions for the operation and management of the equipment.

2.2.6. For mobile equipment, with the exception of cars, the manufacturer must draw up a slinging scheme for reloading with lifting devices, indicating the slinging points, lifting devices, the location of the slinging branches and the center of gravity. The location of the slinging branches and the devices used must exclude the possibility of damage to the mobile equipment and its paintwork.

The slinging chart should be attached to the inside of the cab glass. If the mobile equipment does not have a cabin, the scheme is attached in a conspicuous place with protection from damage by precipitation.

2.2.7. Cars shipped in packaged form must be presented for transportation in wooden lattice boxes in accordance with GOST 10198.

2.2.8. When sending mobile equipment intended for loading under its own power, stored in ports, airports and railway stations, timely recharging of batteries and the performance of all other work provided for by the instructions for the operation of mobile equipment when stored on a contractual basis must be ensured.

2.2.9. Tractor equipment, for which long-term storage is possible before being sold to the buyer, is shipped in mothballed form with dry-charged batteries. At the same time, manufacturers are obliged, on the basis of contracts, to provide transport organizations with the equipment and devices necessary for loading and unloading tractor equipment onto vehicles without depreservation.

2.2.10. If it is impossible to load spare parts and attachments onto the autotractor equipment, it is allowed to ship the latter in a packaged form for a batch of equipment. The type, shape and weight of the package must ensure the loading of the package on regular vehicles using forklifts.

2.2.11. When loading tractor equipment in mothballed form and there are towing facilities at transfer points that do not require the driver to be in the cab of the towed tractor, the latter must be closed and sealed with factory seals.

2.3. Reinforced concrete products and structures

2.3.1. Reinforced concrete products and structures (hereinafter referred to as reinforced concrete products) can be presented for transportation both in packed and unpacked form.

Packaged lightweight reinforced concrete products weighing less than 5 tons must be equipped with slinging devices.

2.3.2. Reinforced concrete products transported by rail and road using special devices (cassettes, combs, pyramids) must be supplied for transportation on ships and aircraft using these devices.

2.3.3. Small parts (lintels, window sills, light beams, asbestos-cement pipes) should be transported in bags and containers.

The normative and technical documentation for specific types of products should indicate the standards for packages and containers.

2.3.4. Reinforced concrete products must have devices for slinging and fastening (loops, holes).

Concrete sagging on slinging and fastening devices is not allowed.

On products that are not structurally provided for slinging devices and it is difficult to distinguish the top from the bottom (beams, slabs and other products with asymmetrically located reinforcement), the consignor must make an indelible inscription "Top".

2.3.5. On each reinforced concrete product, in a clearly visible place, marks (risks) should be applied with indelible paint, defining supports, fastenings of guy wires and slings in the absence of mounting loops or other devices on the products.

2.3.6. Reinforced concrete products from autoclaved cellular and heat-resistant concretes on liquid glass, as well as multi-layer products with a layer of insulation, elements with insert window frames and door blocks must be protected at manufacturing plants from damage and moisture. The textured, sanded or lined surfaces of wall panels and blocks must be protected from damage with soft foam rubber pads or technical coarse wool felt.

2.3.7. Window sashes and doors inserted into the frames should be fixed in the closed state.

2.3.8. Structural elements that do not have sufficient rigidity during transportation must be temporarily reinforced.

2.3.9. The consignor is obliged, before presenting reinforced concrete products for transportation, to issue to the transport organization the cargo characteristics of the products and the conditions for their slinging and storage, which indicate:

Product name, brand, weight in kilograms, dimensions (length, width, height or thickness);

Scheme of storage and the number of tiers allowed in the stack, based on the strength characteristics of the products;

Dimensions of linings and gaskets (taking into account the height of the mounting loops and protruding parts of the products);

Slinging scheme indicating the maximum angles of deviation of the branches of the sling from the vertical;

Data on gripping devices;

Special conditions for loading and unloading operations and placement.

2.4. Cargo in containers

2.4.1. Containers with such damages, deformations and malfunctions are not allowed for transportation, as a result of which the safety of reloading, the reliability of fastening containers are not ensured, or damage to the transported cargo, loss of the contents of the container and access to the cargo is possible.

2.4.2. Containers loaded in excess of the permissible displacement of the center of mass of the cargo are not allowed to be reloaded and transported.

2.5. Cargoes in overpacks

2.5.1. Cargoes that, due to their size and properties, can be formed into transport packages, must be presented by the sender for transportation in packaged form.

The package is a transport package. All shipping documents should indicate both the number of packages and the number of individual items in them.

2.5.2. The transport characteristics of enlarged packages (dimensions, weight, specific loading volume) and the conditions for their formation must comply with GOST 7566, GOST 10692, GOST 16369, GOST 19041, GOST 19848, GOST 21391, GOST 21399, GOST 21650, GOST 23285, GOST 24597 , GOST 26663 .

2.5.3. The design of the packages must ensure their strength, stability, the impossibility of removing individual packages from the package without violating the packaging means, strapping or control tapes, as well as reliability during reloading and transportation in several tiers.

When determining the possibility of multi-tier transportation of packages, the capacity of the cargo spaces of vehicles should be taken into account.

Registration of cargo documents should provide for the possibility of control without disbanding the packages.

2.5.4. Filling the area of ​​flat pallets with a stack of cargo should be at least 90%.

2.5.5. In the standards for strapping materials and packaging means, it is necessary to indicate the possibility of their use when transporting cargo on an open rolling stock, including in conditions of exposure to the marine environment, taking into account the requirements of GOST 15150.

2.6. Heavy cargo and oversized equipment (TG)

2.6.1. Equipment in boxes and unpacked, metal structures, the specific pressure from which on vehicles exceeds the allowable, must be transported according to special projects, the need for the development of which is determined by the carrier.

2.6.2. On each TG, the building sites and the center of gravity must be marked without fail. If, in order to ensure the safety of the cargo and the safety of transshipment operations when moving by cranes, the use of any spacer beams, frames and other special devices, except for the usual ring or end slings, is required, a lashing diagram must be attached to each package or such a diagram must be sent to the transport organization before the arrival of the cargo.

2.6.3. The lashing points must be equipped and placed on the load, and the load must be installed on the vehicle so that the winding of the load gripping devices can be carried out without preliminary lifting and moving away.

2.6.4. If any special load handling devices, frames, traverses, etc. are required for transshipment operations, which are not available at the transshipment point, they must be supplied by the consignor together with the cargo or in advance. The need for such a supply must be agreed in advance.

2.6.5. Slinging schemes for TGs of large dimensions or complex shapes must be agreed with transport organizations in advance, and the shipment of goods should be carried out only after such agreement.

2.6.6. Cargoes with a complex configuration of the supporting surface, cylindrical, spherical and conical, must be presented for transportation together with special supports, pedestals and keel blocks necessary for stacking in a warehouse and placing on a vehicle.

2.6.7. Placement and fastening of TG is carried out, as a rule, in accordance with special transportation projects.

2.6.8. The cargo owner submits, at the request of the carrier, a project for the transportation of heavy cargo.

The development of the project is carried out by a specialized design organization, a carrier or by order of the cargo owner and at his expense.

2.6.9. The project for the transportation of heavy cargo should include: the choice of a vehicle, schemes and calculations for the placement and securing of cargo, calculations of the stability and strength of vehicles, calculations and documentation for their retrofitting, transshipment technology, preparations for loading and unloading points.

The project should provide for the submission by the consignor to the point of departure of the necessary auxiliary materials and devices for loading and unloading, storage, fastening and transportation (traverses, frames, gaskets, racks, beams, wedges, etc.).

2.6.10. The cargo is accepted for transportation after the transportation project is agreed by the carrier. If necessary, transportation projects are agreed with the consignor, loading and unloading points and other transport and assembly departments involved in the delivery and assembly of the cargo.

2.7. Packaged cargo

2.7.1. Packaged goods must be presented for transportation in packages or containers.

2.7.2. Unpackaged piece cargo (cylinders, bottles, canisters) should be presented for transportation only in packages or containers.

INTERSTATE COUNCIL FOR STANDARDIZATION, METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION

INTERSTATE COUNCIL FOR STANDARDIZATION, METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION

INTERSTATE

STANDARD

General requirements

Official edition

Stand rtinform 2016

Foreword

The goals, basic principles and basic procedure for carrying out work on interstate standardization are established in GOST 1.0-92 “Interstate standardization system. Basic Provisions” and GOST 1.2-2009 “Interstate Standardization System. Interstate standards. rules and recommendations for interstate standardization. Rules for the development, adoption, application, updating and cancellation "

About the standard

1 DEVELOPED JSC "Central Order of the Red Banner of Labor Research and Design Institute of the Marine Fleet"

2 8N ESE N TK 318 "Morflot"

3 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification Protocol of September 29, 2015 No. 80-P

Briefly "named" the countries according to MK<ИСО 3!вв) 004- 97	Code of the country according to mk (iso 31 ee) 004-97	Abbreviated name of the national standards body
		Armstatesvdvrt
Belarus		State Standard of the Republic of Belarus
Kazakhstan		State Standard of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan		Kyrgyzstvndvrt
		Gosstandart of Russia
Tajikistan		Tvjikstvndvrt

4 By order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology of May 17, 2016 N9 325-st, the interstate standard GOST 26653-2015 was put into effect as a national standard Russian Federation since March 1, 2017

5 INSTEAD OF GOST 26653-90

Information about changes to this standard is published in the annual information index "National Standards" (as of January 1 of the current year), and the text of changes and amendments - in the monthly information index "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of the following standard, a corresponding notice will be published in the monthly information index "National Standards". Relevant information, notification and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet

© Standartinform. 2016

In the Russian Federation, this standard cannot be fully or partially reproduced. replicated and distributed as an official publication without the permission of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology

Appendix A (normative) Regulatory dynamic loads to be taken into account

Annex B (informative) Technical characteristics of materials with increased

INTERSTATE STANDARD

PREPARATION OF GENERAL CARGO FOR TRANSPORTATION

General requirements

Preparation ol general cargoes for transportation. General requirements

Introduction Detail - 2017-03-01

1 area of ​​use

This standard establishes general requirements for the preparation of general cargo for transportation in direct and mixed traffic: road, air, rail. sea ​​and river transport.

The requirements of this standard should be taken into account when developing standards, specifications and working documentation for products prepared for transportation, in terms of packaging, labeling, transportation and storage, when planning and organizing the shipment of goods, concluding agreements and contracts for the supply of goods, when exercising state control for the fulfillment by the consignor of duties for the preparation of general cargo for transportation. including informing the carrier about the hazardous properties of the cargo requiring special precautions, including through the involvement of specialized organizations. duly accredited.

8 of this standard, normative references to the following interstate standards are used:

GOST 1.5-2001 Interstate standardization system. Interstate standards, rules and recommendations for interstate standardization. General requirements for construction, presentation, design, content and designation

GOST 1639-2009 Scrap and waste of non-ferrous metals and alloys. General specifications

GOST 2767-75 Ferrous secondary metals. General specifications

GOST 3916.1-96 General purpose plywood with hardwood veneer outer layers. Specifications

GOST 3916.2-96 General purpose plywood with softwood veneer outer layers. Specifications

GOST 4598-86 Wood fiber boards. Specifications

GOST 7566-94 Steel products. Acceptance, marking, packaging, transportation and storage

GOST 9078-84 Flat pallets. General specifications

GOST 9142-2014 Corrugated cardboard boxes. General specifications

GOST 9498-79 Flat ingots from aluminum and wrought aluminum alloys for rolling. Specifications

GOST 9570-84 Box and rack pallets. General specifications

Official edition

GOST 10198-91 Wooden boxes for goods weighing St. 200 to 20000 kg. General specifications

GOST 10296-79 Izol. Specifications

GOST 10632-2014 Wood chip boards. Specifications

GOST 10692-80 Steel pipes, cast iron pipes and fittings for them. Acceptance, marking. packaging, transportation and storage

GOST 10923-93 Ruberoid. Specifications

GOST 11070-74 Primary aluminum ingots. Specifications

GOST 13015-2012 Concrete and reinforced concrete products for construction. General technical requirements. Rules for acceptance, marking, transportation and storage GOST 13843-78 Aluminum wire rod. Specifications GOST 14192-96 Cargo marking

GOST 15150-69 Machinery, instruments and other technical products. Versions for different climatic regions. Categories, conditions of operation, storage and transportation in terms of the impact of environmental climatic factors

GOST 15151-69 Machinery, instruments and other technical products for areas with a tropical climate. General specifications

GOST 15846-2002 Products shipped to the Far North and equivalent areas. Packaging, marking, transportation and storage

GOST 16369-96 Timber transport packages. Dimensions

GOST 18425-73 Transport containers filled. Free fall impact test method

GOST 18477-79 Universal containers. Types, main parameters and dimensions GOST 19041-85 Transport packages and block packages of sawn products. Packing, marking. transportation and storage

GOST 19433-88 Dangerous groups. Classification and marking GOST 19437-81 Cylindrical aluminum ingots. Specifications GOST 19848-74 Transportation of goods in box and rack pallets. General requirements GOST 21136-75 Filled transport containers. Vibration test method at fixed low frequency

GOST 21140-88 Packaging. Size system

GOST 21391-84 Packaging tools. Terms and Definitions

GOST 21399-75 Transport packages for ingots, cathodes and non-ferrous metal ingots. General requirements

GOST 21650-76 Means of fastening packaged cargoes in overpacks. General requirements

GOST 21900-76 Universal aviation containers. General specifications GOST 22235-2010 Freight cars of 1520 mm gauge mainline railways. General requirements for ensuring safety in the production of loading and unloading and shunting operations

GOST 22477-77 Means of fastening transport packages in covered wagons. General technical requirements

GOST 23285-78 Transport packages for food products and glass containers. Specifications

GOST 24170-80 Transport packaging. Compression test methods for slinging GOST 24597-81 Packages of packaged cargo. Basic parameters and dimensions GOST 26319-84 Dangerous goods. Package

GOST 26663-85 Transport packages. Formation using packaging tools. General technical requirements

GOST 26838-86 Wooden boxes and crates. Mechanical strength standards GOST ISO 2234-2014 Packing. The container is transport filled and single cargoes. Static stacking test methods

GOST ISO 2244-2013 Packaging. The container is transport filled and single cargoes. Horizontal impact test methods

GOST ISO 10531-2001 Filled transport containers. Methods for testing cargo units for resistance to mechanical stress

Note - When using this standard, it is advisable to check the validity of reference standards in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or according to the annual information index "National Standards", which was published as of January 1 of the current year, and on issues of the monthly information index "National Standards" for the current year. If the reference standard is replaced (modified), then when using this standard, you should be guided by the replacing (modified) standard. If the reference standard is canceled without replacement. the provision in which reference is made to it applies to the part not affecting that reference.

3 Terms and definitions

In this standard, the following terms are used with their respective definitions:

3.1 general cargoes (general cargoes): Various piece cargoes: metal products, mobile equipment (self-propelled and towed (trailed) vehicles on wheeled or caterpillar tracks], bulky and heavy cargoes, reinforced concrete products and structures and other construction cargoes, packaged piece cargoes , including dangerous goods in containers, goods in overpacks, including soft containers, timber cargo, cargo transport units, including cargo containers.

3.2 transportation of cargo: Transportation of cargo with the obligatory conclusion of a contract of carriage and compliance with all the rules established on the mode of transport on which this transportation is carried out.

3.3 direct mixed (multimodal) transportation (multimodal carnage): Carriage of goods involving at least two modes of transport under a single transportation document.

3.4 container (container): Product (container) in which the product is directly placed.

3.5 shipping container: A product (container) in which the products are directly placed, intended for storage and transportation and forming an independent cargo unit.

3.6 packaging (packaging): A means or a set of means that ensures the protection of containers with products during their circulation.

Note - The circulation process is understood as the transportation, storage and sale of products.

3.7 transport packaging product designed to protect containers with products during storage and transportation, forming an independent cargo unit.

cargo unit, cargo unit (cargo unit): Cargo prepared for loading and unloading and transport and storage operations.

[GOST IS010531. clause 3.1]

overpack: An enlarged cargo unit, formed from several cargo units using packaging means, prepared for loading and unloading and transport and storage operations.

(GOST IS010531. paragraph 3.2]

3.10 cargo transport unit; CTU : Freight container, road vehicle, railway wagon, piggyback. a swap body or similar unit used, in particular, for intermodal transport.

3.11 freight container

Consistent specifications providing strength for repeated use (over the specified service life);

A special design that ensures the transportation of goods by one or several modes of transport in direct and mixed traffic without intermediate reloading of goods:

Devices that provide mechanized reloading from one mode of transport to another;

A design that makes it easy to load and unload cargo;

Internal volume equal to 1 m or more.

3.12 contrailer

3.13 flexible container: A container capable of changing its shape and overall dimensions during its loading and unloading.

3.15 unpacking freeing the CTU of its cargo and securing means

3.16 packer party that loads, stows and secures cargo in or on a CTU; the loader may be hired either by the shipper or by the shipper, forwarding company or carrier: if the shipper or shipper loads the CTU on their territory, the shipper or shipper is also the loader. . (fifteen]. . .

4.8 The standards and specifications for a specific cargo in containers or without it shall stipulate the possibility of its transportation on vehicles with an open body or on the upper (open) deck of ships under conditions of exposure to water in accordance with GOST 15150. GOST 15151.

4.9 Requirements for the packaging of cargo, the conditions and features of its transportation, methods and means of consolidation of packages should be given in the standards, specifications and working documentation for products of a particular type in the section "Packaging, marking, transportation and storage" in accordance with the requirements of GOST 1.5 .

4.10 Tare and packaging of goods shipped to the Far North must comply with the requirements of GOST 15846.

4.11 The consignor is responsible for the consequences caused by the provision of false information about the cargo and its properties, deficiencies in the marking, packaging and internal packaging of the cargo (breakage, deformation, leakage, etc.), as well as the use of containers and packaging that do not correspond to the properties cargo, its weight or established standards, specifications and working documentation for products of a particular type, as a result of which circumstances arose that affected the safety of transportation and the safety of the transported cargo.

4.12 Cargo and its packaging offered for transportation in mixed and direct communications must ensure their safety during transshipment, as well as the safety of railway rolling stock in accordance with GOST 22235 and GOST 22477. vehicles of other modes of transport and cargo transport units.

5 Cargo requirements

5.1 Steel products

5.1.1 Preparation of certain types of metal products for transportation should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 7566, GOST 10692, as well as applicable standards, specifications and working documentation for specific types of metal products.

5.1.2 Means of packaging metal products and strapping methods should ensure, in accordance with the requirements of GOST 9498. GOST 11070. GOST 13843. GOST 19437. the safety of packs, bundles, rolls and coils from spilling and unwinding, from loss and depersonalization of labels as in transshipment operations as well as during transportation.

5.1.3 When packing metal products in accordance with GOST 7566 and GOST 10692, load-bearing means of packing with upper gripping points should be used, or the configuration of the packages and the methods of their placement in vehicles should be provided with building and slinging without lifting, spreading and other operations. Deviation from this rule is allowed only upon agreement with the operator of the cargo terminal where the cargo is sent, if the cargo terminal has special lifting equipment (magnets, manipulators, etc.). An indication of the possibility of slinging for load-bearing strapping and bundling means must be marked on the cargo and/or indicated in the shipping documents.

5.1.4 Rolled metal products (rails, rods, shaped steel, pipes up to 350 mm in diameter, etc.), non-ferrous metal ingots, copper and nickel cathodes, packaged and unpackaged coils (rolled wire, barbed wire, etc.) must be presented for transportation in packages.

5.1.5 Ferrous metal scrap must be divided into parts in accordance with GOST 2787. Non-ferrous metal scrap - GOST 1639. Small metal waste must be pressed into briquettes or formed into transport packages. Small scrap in the form of used hardware, tools. non-ferrous metal scrap should be placed in a strong container: boxes, barrels or specialized containers.

5.1.6 Sheet steel in coils, transported with installation on the end, should be delivered on skids, or coils should be adapted for reloading with tong grippers that compress the coil wall from the inside and outside.

5.2 Mobile (autotractor) equipment

5.2.1 In the shipping documents for self-propelled equipment and in the information sheet attached to the windshield of the cab from the inside, the name and brand of fuel intended for refueling should be indicated. At the time of loading onto vehicles, mobile equipment must be filled with fuel in the amount prescribed by the rules for the carriage of goods on the corresponding mode of transport.

5.2.2 The engine cooling system must be filled with antifreeze, and the batteries charged and ready to start the engine. After loading the equipment onto the vehicle, the key in the ignition lock must be left in the “off” position.

If the outside air temperature on the delivery route is above 4°C, the engine cooling system can be filled with water. When loading self-propelled equipment onto vehicles at an outside air temperature below 4 °C and in the absence of antifreeze in the cooling system, refueling of self-propelled equipment with hot water is allowed. Drainage of water from the cooling system in this case should be carried out immediately after loading the self-propelled equipment onto the vehicle.

5.2.3 When transporting mobile equipment in mixed traffic, its preparation for transportation is carried out by the consignor in accordance with the requirements for vehicles in accordance with GOST 15846.

5.2.4 Light and sound alarms, as well as all other devices that ensure traffic safety, must be installed and in good working order on mobile equipment.

5.2.5 With the first unit of self-propelled equipment of each type, or in advance, the consignor is obliged to send to the cargo terminals at least three copies of the instructions for the operation and management of self-propelled equipment, in cases provided for by the rules for the carriage of goods by the corresponding mode of transport.

5.2.6 For mobile equipment, including passenger cars, the operator should draw up a slinging scheme for reloading with lifting devices, indicating the slinging points, lifting devices, the location of the slinging branches and the center of gravity. The location of the slinging branches and the devices used should exclude the possibility of damage to the mobile equipment and its paintwork.

The slinging chart should be attached to the inside of the cab glass. If the mobile equipment does not have a cabin, the scheme is attached in a conspicuous place with protection from damage by precipitation.

5.2.7 Cars shipped in containers. must be presented to the freight forwarder in wooden lattice boxes in accordance with GOST 10198.

5.2.8 When dispatching equipment intended for loading on its own, located at cargo terminals, on a contractual basis, timely recharging of batteries and the performance of all other work provided for by the instructions for the operation of mobile equipment during its storage, including during piggyback transportation, must be ensured.

5.2.9 Tractor equipment, for which long-term storage is possible before sale, is shipped in mothballed form with dry-charged batteries. At the same time, manufacturers are obliged, on a contractual basis, to provide transport organizations with the devices necessary for loading and unloading tractor equipment onto vehicles without depreservation.

5.2.10 If it is impossible to mount a set of spare parts and attached equipment on a unit of automotive and tractor equipment, it is allowed to ship such sets in separate packages along with the dispatched batch of equipment.

5.2.11 When loading tractor equipment in mothballed form and there are towing facilities at the transshipment points. that do not require the driver to be in the cab of the towed tractor, the cabs must be closed and sealed.

5.2.12 For large imported equipment shipped from the port in a partially dismantled state, instructions for dismantling the equipment must be provided in advance. Dismantling works are carried out on a contractual basis.

5.3 Oversized and heavy cargo (OTG)

5.3.1 The criteria for classifying each cargo as long, oversized and heavy are determined by the rules for the carriage of goods in force for the corresponding mode of transport.

5.3.2 On each KTG, along with the overall dimensions and weight, the slinging points and the position of the center of gravity must be marked without fail. If the use of any traverses, frames and other special devices, except for ordinary cargo ring sludge and loop slings, is required to ensure the safety of the cargo and the safety of reloading operations when moving by lifting equipment, an eastroping scheme must be attached to each package or such a scheme must be sent to as part of the KTG transportation project of the transport organization in advance before the cargo arrives.

5.3.3 Slinging points must be equipped and placed on the load, and the load must be installed on the vehicle in such a way that the installation of load gripping devices can be carried out without preliminary lifting, moving away and other auxiliary operations.

5.3.4 If any special load handling devices, frames, traverses, etc. are required for transshipment operations that are not available at the cargo terminal, they must be supplied by the shipper in advance or together with the cargo. On load gripping devices their load capacity and own weight must be indicated, and their delivery is carried out together with the passport for the device. The need for such a delivery must be agreed in advance by the parties participating in the delivery of the goods.

5.3.5 Slinging schemes for CTGs of large dimensions or complex shapes within the framework of a transportation project must be agreed with transport organizations in advance, and the shipment of the cargo should be carried out only after such an agreement.

5.3.6 Cargoes with a complex configuration of the supporting surface, cylindrical, spherical and conical, should be presented for transportation taking into account the requirements of 4.5.

5.3.7 Placement and fastening of the CTG on the vehicle is carried out according to the transportation project, developed on the basis of the requirements of the rules and technical conditions in force for the corresponding mode of transport.

5.3.8 The development of the transportation project is carried out by a specialized organization accredited in the prescribed manner, by order of the consignor.

5.3.9 The project for the transportation of KTG in the general case may include the choice of a vehicle, schemes and calculations for the placement and securing of cargo, calculations of stability (stability) and strength of vehicles, calculations and documentation for their retrofitting, reloading technology, measures to prepare loading points - unloading, to strengthen and develop the road component. including engineering structures.

The project should provide for the procedure for providing at the points of departure and. if necessary. points of transshipment and destination, auxiliary materials and devices for loading and unloading, warehousing, fastening and transportation (traverses, frames, gaskets, racks, beams, wedges, etc.).

5.3.10 Cargo is accepted for transportation after the project of its transportation and fastening is agreed with the carrier. If necessary, the transportation project is agreed with the consignor, recipient. cargo terminals and other transport and installation organizations involved in the delivery and installation of cargo at the recipient.

5.3.11 Equipment in boxes and unpackaged, metal structures, the specific pressure from which on vehicles exceeds the allowable, should be transported according to projects, the need for the development of which is determined by the carrier.

5.4 Concrete products and structures

5.4.1 Products and structures made of reinforced concrete, depending on the type, weight and dimensions, are presented individually, in universal or special containers, canisters, cassettes, bags and on pallets.

5.4.2 Each design and product upon delivery must be marked in accordance with GOST 14192 and GOST 13015.

5.4.3 Reinforced concrete products must have devices for slinging. The exposed surfaces of steel embedded parts, reinforcement protrusions, mounting loops and sling holes must be cleaned of concrete or mortar sagging. On products that are not structurally provided for slinging devices and it is difficult to distinguish the top from the bottom (beams, slabs and other products with asymmetrically located reinforcement), the consignor in a clearly visible place with indelible paint should apply mounting signs indicating the place of slinging of the product, the center gravity (if necessary), the top of the product, the place of support of the product, the installation risks on the product. The image, name and purpose of mounting signs must comply with those specified in GOST 13015 (table 7).

5.4.4 Reinforced concrete products, during the transshipment and transportation of which the use of special devices (cassettes, combs, pyramids, etc.) is prescribed, should be delivered for transportation together with the specified devices.

5.4.5 Small-sized items (lintels, window sills, light beams, asbestos-cement pipes, etc.) should be presented for transportation in overpacks and containers. Standards, specifications and working documentation for specific types of products should indicate the applicable standards for packages and containers.

5.4.6 Reinforced concrete products from autoclaved cellular and heat-resistant concretes on liquid glass, as well as multi-layer products with a layer of insulation, elements with inset window frames and door blocks must be protected at manufacturing plants from damage and moisture. Textured, sanded or lined surfaces of wall panels and blocks must be protected from damage with soft pads.

5.4.7 Window sashes and doors inserted into the frames must be secured in the closed state.

5.4.8 Structural elements that do not have sufficient rigidity during transportation must be temporarily reinforced.

5.4.9 The consignor is obliged, prior to presenting reinforced concrete products for sea transportation, to provide the transport organization with information about the cargo in the recommended form given in Appendix B., which also includes:

Product name, brand, weight in kilograms, dimensions (length, width, height or thickness);

Scheme of storage and the number of tiers allowed in the stack, based on the strength characteristics of the products:

Dimensions of linings and gaskets (taking into account the height of the mounting loops and protruding parts of the products);

Slinging scheme indicating the maximum angles of deviation of the branches of the sling from the vertical;

Data on gripping devices;

Special conditions for loading and unloading operations;

A sketch of the placement and fastening of products on a vehicle in cases provided for by the rules of transportation and the technical conditions for securing goods on the corresponding type of transport*. (5) and (10].

5.5 Packaged goods

5.5.1 Unit cargo must be presented for transportation in packages or containers. Goods in bags should be presented for transportation in overpacks, including soft containers.

5.5.2 Piece loads in cylinders, bottles, canisters, flasks, bags, etc. should be presented for transportation only in packages or containers.

5.5.3 Unit cargo, the tare strength of which is insufficient for stacking in several tiers, should be presented for transportation in box and rack pallets in accordance with GOST 9570 in accordance with the requirements of GOST 19848 or in containers.

5.6 Goods in overpacks

5.6.1 Cargoes that, due to their size, transport characteristics and properties, can be formed into transport packages, must be presented by the consignor for transportation in packaged form.

The package is a transport package. All shipping documents should indicate the number of packages and, if possible, the number of individual pieces in them.

5.6.2 The transport characteristics of enlarged packages (dimensions, weight, specific loading volume) and the conditions for their formation must comply with the requirements of GOST 3916.1. GOST 3916.2. GOST 4598. GOST 7566. GOST 9078. GOST 10632. GOST 10692. GOST 16369, GOST 19041. GOST 19848. GOST 21391. GOST 21399. GOST21650. GOST 23285. GOST 24597. GOST 26663. When choosing package sizes, it is necessary to take into account their multiplicity to the internal dimensions of the cargo spaces of vehicles.

5.6.3 The design of bags and flexible containers should ensure their strength and stability. the impossibility of removing individual places from the package or scattering contents from soft containers without violating packaging means, strapping or control tapes, as well as safety during transshipment and transportation in several tiers.

The design of the package should provide, if necessary, the possibility of monitoring individual places without dismantling it.

5.6.4 Filling the area of ​​flat pallets with a stack of cargo should be at least 90%.

5.6.5 In the standards for strapping materials and packaging means, it is necessary to indicate the possibility of their use when transporting cargo on an open rolling stock, on the open deck of ships under the influence of solar radiation, atmospheric precipitation and sea water, taking into account the requirements of GOST 15150.

5.7 Groups in universal medium and large-capacity containers

5.7.1 Containers with such damages, deformations and malfunctions are not allowed for transportation, as a result of which the safety of transshipment, the reliability of fastening of containers is not ensured, or damage to the transported cargo, loss of the contents of the container and access to the cargo is possible (18). .

5.7.4 The cargo in the container should be placed in such a way that the resulting position of the center of gravity of the container is as close as possible to the middle of its length and to the middle of its width. The eccentricity of the center of gravity of the container with cargo should generally not exceed 5%. In certain circumstances agreed upon in the chain of the forthcoming transport of the container, an eccentricity of up to 10% may be accepted, since improved container handling spreaders are able to correct such eccentricity. .

5.7.5 The strength of aviation containers must comply with the requirements of GOST 21900. and the strength of packages and means of securing individual packages on the aircraft (helicopter) transportation equipment must be calculated taking into account the dynamic loads specified in Appendix A. Table A.5.

When loading aviation containers, the displacement of the center of gravity in the horizontal plane allowed in accordance with GOST 21900 should not exceed 10% of the internal width and 5% of the internal length of the containers. In the vertical plane, the displacement of the center of gravity is not allowed.

5.8 Dangerous goods in containers

Preparation for the transportation of dangerous goods in containers must comply with the requirements of applicable international and national regulations for the transport of dangerous goods by the appropriate mode of transport. (12). (13). (14), (15], (16], (17] as well as the requirements of this standard.

Placement and securing of dangerous goods in the container must be carried out taking into account the provisions of 5.7.2.

6 Shipping container requirements

6.1 Cargoes that require packaging to protect against loss, damage and damage, or that pose a danger to people, transshipment and vehicles in an unpacked form, should be presented for transportation in containers and packaging that meets the requirements of the standards. specifications and working documentation for products prepared for transportation.

The dimensions of the transport container and packaging must comply with the requirements of GOST 21140, dangerous goods - GOST 26319, products shipped to the Far North and hard-to-reach areas. - GOST 15846.

6.2 The design of the container shall withstand the tests in accordance with GOST ISO 2234.

6.2.1 When placing packages in the cargo spaces of vehicles in several tiers, the allowable number of tiers for stacking is calculated by the formula

p----+1. (1>

where n is the allowable number of tiers:

N - load during the stacking test (see marking of packages), kg (12); k yL - coefficient of vertical dynamism (for the carriage of dangerous goods by sea it is taken equal to 1.8);

M - gross weight of a package, kg. d - free fall acceleration (9.81 m / s 2).

6.2.2 The fastening of the container with the cargo inside the transport package along the horizontal component must withstand the load F fP in newtons (N). calculated by the formula

Ft - 0.8 O d, (2)

where 0.8 - coefficient of horizontal dynamism;

O - net weight of cargo, kg; d - free fall acceleration (9.81 m / s 2).

6.2.3 The means of fastening cargo in overpacks should ensure the safety of packages under the action of maximum dynamic loads that occur on the modes of transport involved in transportation in accordance with Appendix A.

6.2.4 A container with a load when lifting in slings must withstand the load F c (compression from the sling according to GOST 24170). in newtons (N). calculated by the formula

Fc = 14.2 M. (3)

where M is the gross weight of the cargo, kg.

6.3 Cargoes in a shipping container with a gross weight of more than 1 t, machines, equipment, assemblies and parts required for transportation without packaging or with partial protection, for the convenience of carrying out cargo operations and the possibility of fastening on a vehicle, must have devices (rings, brackets, butts, hooks, mounting loops, sling holes) or places for slinging. or winding of flexible fastening elements and input of a loader pitchfork.

These places and devices must be marked and specified in the accompanying documentation*.

6.4 When transporting goods, the mechanical strength of wooden boxes and crates and methods of its control must comply with the requirements of GOST 26836. GOST 18425. GOST 21136. GOST ISO 2244. and corrugated cardboard boxes - GOST 9142.

6.5 If the standards, specifications and working documentation for products prepared for transportation provide for the reuse of containers, they must meet the following conditions:

The mechanical strength of the returnable packaging shall comply with the requirements of 5.5:

Drawers and crates must be intact, without warping the frame and cracks due to the departure of nails;

Barrels must be without dents, smudges, with a full set of hoops:

Bags must be whole, dry;

The packaging must not have protruding sharp objects in the form of nails, wire, metal bands, etc.;

The lifting slings of flexible containers must be in good condition.

Regulatory dynamic loads to be taken into account on the corresponding mode of transport

Accelerations (a) to be taken into account during transport include acceleration due to gravity (0 ■ 9.81 m/s3) and accelerations due to typical transport conditions, such as emergency braking or a sudden change of lane by a vehicle, or movements of a vessel in severe seas. aquatic environment. These accelerations are expressed as the product of the free fall acceleration (d) and the dynamic coefficient (* d) during transportation

s i c * 9 (A.1)

Tables A.1-A.5 present the dynamic factors to be taken into account on the respective mode of transport for different directions relative to the vehicle. In mixed (multimodal) transport, to prevent movement, the load must be secured in the longitudinal and transverse directions according to the worst combination of individually horizontal and corresponding vertical loads on each of the modes of transport involved. The strength of the container must meet the same conditions.

Table A.1

Automobile transport
Fastening about not ruling	Dynamic coefficient
	Longitudinally * a1			Minimum vertical down to
longitudinal
transverse

Table A.2

	Railway transport
(multimodal transportation involving rail transport)
	Dynamic coefficient
Fastening in direction	Longitudinally		Minimum vertical
Longitudinal
transverse
* Values ​​in parentheses apply only to dynamic loads with short exposure times of 150 ms or less and can be used, for example, in container design.

T a 6 l and c a A.3

Sea transport

Normalized wave height (L #) 3% * security in the sea area		Fastening about direction	Dynamic coefficient
			Longitudinally		vertically down to
		longitudinal
		transverse
	7 m< Л. 4 11м	longitudinal
		transverse
		longitudinal
		transverse

* the height of the smallest of the three highest waves out of 100 successively observed waves is taken as the height of waves with 3% probability.

NOTE A description of areas A, b and C is given in Table A.4.

Table A.4

Maritime areas
	7 m< S 11 м
Inland waterways;	North Sea:	Unlimited
Baltic Sea	Skvgerrak Strait:
(including the Kattegat Strait);	Strait of the English Channel;
Mediterranean Sea;	Japanese Sea:
Black Sea;	Sea of ​​Okhotsk;
Red sea:	Coastal or inter-island flights to
Persian Gulf:	the following areas:
Coastal or inter-island flights	South-central part of the Atlantic
in the following areas;	which ocean (between 3S ®S and 40 *S);
Atlantic Central Honor	South Central Indian
ocean (between 30 *N and 35 *S);	ocean (between 3S *S and 40 *S);
Central part of the Indian Ocean	South Central Pacific
on (up to 35 * in);	on (between 35"S and 45*S)
Pacific Central Honor
(between 30'N and 35'S)

Table A.S

Shipper		Registration number Name of cargo
Consignee		Carrier
Name/means of transport	Station/Port of departure	Vessel navigation area. the calculated wave height ft ". 4 m
Station/Port of Destination		Requirements for stowage and securing cargo
General description of the cargo (shape, overall dimensions, weight.packing)		Total mass of cargo (kg: t) □ General cargo □ Packages
Transport characteristics of the cargo": Specific loading volume, mt Permissible stacking height, m ​​and/or tiers Angle of static stability, hail. Coefficients of friction for pairs: cargo-cargo, cargo-steel, cargo-wood, etc. Permeability coefficient (when the cargo space is flooded) Chemical properties and other potential hazards.
’ As applicable and known. ” For example: IMO class. UN number. emergency number.
Transport and special properties of cargo Norms of consumption of materials and means of securing cargo		Additional documents □ Document on the strength of load-bearing palletizing means □ Document on the stowage and securing of cargo in the means of enlargement □ Document on the strength of cargo securing means □ Document on the safe stowage and securing of cargo on board □ Other documents
		* If needed.
DECLARATION		Name/status of signatory organization
I hereby declare that the cargo (goods) is fully and accurately described and that the measurements and instructions given are in accordance with my knowledge and belief and can be considered appropriate for the cargo to be loaded and the conditions of the forthcoming transportation.		Signature on behalf of the shipper Place and date

information about the cargo must contain reliable and complete information about the transport characteristics. all special and dangerous properties of the cargo, about the precautionary measures that are necessary for the safe transportation of the cargo, its placement and fastening on the vehicle.

The cargo information consists of the following parts:

B.1 Information about the participants in the transportation of goods: the consignor, the consignee and the carrier, indicating their exact names and details, the name and / or type of means of transport: the names of the points of departure and destination. Information about the carrier, consignee, points of departure and destination, the area of ​​navigation of the vessel and the estimated wave height are given, as far as they are known at the time of development of information about the cargo.

B.2 Description of the cargo indicating:

c) the proper shipping name with the necessary specification of the standard, specifications and working documentation for the manufactured products, the manufacturer's organization:

b) the shape, overall dimensions and weight of the package.

c) the type and description of the packaging, including the presence and strength of the devices for which the cargo is transshipped and secured;

d) transport characteristics of the cargo (specific loading volume, allowable stacking height, static stability angle, friction coefficients of pairs: cargo-cargo, cargo-steel, cargo-wood, etc. coefficient of cargo permeability (when the cargo space is flooded);

e) chemical properties and other potential hazards;

e) transport and special properties.

B.3 Requirements and measures to ensure the safety of transportation, including requirements for stowage and securing of cargo, instructions on declarations, certificates and other documents accompanying the cargo.

Information about the transport characteristics for their inclusion in the cargo information is determined by the information developer using the following methods:

Specific loading volume c. m e / t, - the volume occupied by a unit of mass of cargo with the accepted method of stowage, which is determined by actual measurements on vehicles or in measured containers with an accuracy of not less than xb%;

Permissible stacking height, m ​​and/or tiers, which is determined by the cargo manufacturer, based on safety requirements (the height of the cargo spaces of ships is 8 m or more), taking into account the mass of packages and dynamic loads to be taken into account during transportation in accordance with Appendix A.

Angle of static stability x. deg. - an acute angle between the horizontal plane and the inclined base of the stack of cargo at the moment of the beginning of its displacement in any form: overturning, slipping or loss of stability of the stack structure. The angle is determined by actual measurements on a special installation, consisting of an inclined platform of the appropriate carrying capacity, with dimensions of at least 1200 × 2600 mm (for example, cargo and shovels for cargo handling, dump truck body, 20-foot roll trailer, etc.), allowing to form a representative fragment of the studied structure of the stack, side railing with a height of at least 300 mm in one of the narrow parts of the platform and a device for measuring the angle of inclination of the platform base (stack structure) relative to the horizon with a division scale value of not more than G. The static stability angle % must be indicated (defined) for structure-forming cargoes with a specific loading volume and & 1.5 m 3 /t and for stacked cargoes when transported on the upper deck and hatch covers of ships, regardless of father;

Coefficients of static friction / couples load-load, load-steel, load-wood or load and other anti-slip materials recommended for use to increase the stability of the structure of this load are determined by (21] on the installation described in the previous paragraph, as the tangent of the angle of inclination the base of the platform at the moment of the beginning of the sliding of the load on the base under study;

Permeability coefficient k - the ratio between the volume of voids in the stack and the total volume of the stack

where Y w, - the total volume occupied by a stack of cargo in the cargo space of the ship. m e:

V is the net volume of cargo (the sum of the volumes of packages). m e.

The permeability coefficient is determined by actual measurements of stacks on vehicles or in measuring containers with an accuracy of at least * 5 × measured value:

Chemical properties and others potential hazards the developer leads with an indication of the IMO Class. UN numbers and emergency card numbers with reference to the source of information.

Each of the above characteristics is given if it is applicable to this cargo.

B.4 Transport and special properties of the cargo - this section should indicate the properties of the cargo, which determine its compatibility with other cargo, requiring the adoption of special measures to protect workers, etc.

B.5 Consumption rates for materials and cargo securing means - in this section, consumption rates can be given taking into account the actual angle of static stability of the cargo, other transport characteristics of the cargo, the area of ​​the forthcoming transportation, the anti-slip materials used and other factors.

B.6 Requirements for stowage and securing of cargo - this section should list the measures to ensure its safety, non-displacement, etc., or a link to the document in which they are given, for example, to the manual on securing cargo.

B.7 Additional documents - this section is filled out if the cargo is in the form of enlarged packages formed using load-bearing packaging equipment (document on the strength of load-bearing packaging equipment), or in vehicles enlarged under the seals of the sender (Declaration on the conformity of stowage and fastening of cargo in a vehicle conditions of carriage), the use of quarantineable materials or objects, for example, timber (quarantine certificate) and in other cases, if necessary.

If there is not enough space on the form, all the necessary information can be given in one or more annexes to the cargo information.

Information about the cargo and attachments to it must be certified by the personal signature of the developer with the indication: "On behalf of the consignor."

Technical characteristics of materials with increased coefficient of friction

B.1 Roofing material according to GOST 10923 is kvrton. impregnated with soft oil bitumen (roofing) with subsequent application of refractory bitumen with filler and coarse-grained dressing on one side of the sheet on both sides of the sheet. Roofing felt is supplied in rolls 1000-1050 mm wide. The length of the canvas in a roll is 10-15 m. When heated to a temperature of 70 * C, the roofing material does not emit toxic substances.

B.2 Isol according to GOST 10296 is a baseless biostable hydro- and pvro-insulating material. obtained from a rubber-bitumen binder, plasticizer, filler, antiseptic and polymer additives. Supplied in 2mm rolls. 600 or 1000 mm wide and 10 or 15 m long.

B.3 Wood predominantly of low value in the form of boards, beams, wedges and plywood.

B.4 Other types of special materials with increased coefficient of friction or adhesive effect.

B.5 When calculating the strength of containers and securing loads, the values ​​of friction coefficients given in Table B.1 should be used. unless the information on the cargo (see Annex 6) indicates a different value. Otherwise, the static friction coefficient/incline test method should be determined from (21).

Table 8.1

Friction pair	Coefficient of static friction./	Friction angle
Cast iron on steel
Cast iron on wood
Cast iron on roofing material
Steel on steel
Steel on wood
Steel on rubber
Steel on ruberoid
Wood by wood
Wood rubber
Burlap (jute) on burlap
Burlap on steel
Burlap on wood
Concrete on wood
paper on paper
Paper on steel
wood paper
Polypropylene for wood
Polypropylene on steel
Polyethylene for wood
Polyethylene on steel
Polyethylene on polyethylene
Polyethylene over polypropylene

Bibliography

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