Sports for children: at what age and in which sections to give. Children and martial arts: what to look for when choosing a sports section At what age to do gymnastics
No one will give a definite answer to the question "?". The future kindergartner should be psychologically and physically ready for collective life. Nature did not intend for children to spend 8-9 hours in an unfamiliar environment, before they were brought up with nannies and governesses, and this was considered the norm. Preschool are social innovations.
Until the age of 3, children have a strong bond with their mother, for them a new environment is stressful. Psychologists say that up to 2.5 years old, babies do not show a desire to interact with their peers: this is more a source of conflict than pleasure. Before strangers, preschoolers 2-3 years old experience fear - this is one of the reasons for difficult adaptation.
Approximate terms of adaptation:
- In the nursery - 6-10 days.
- For three-year-old children - 2-3 weeks.
- For older preschoolers - 3-4 weeks.
What should be taken into account?
- Sociability. Children who easily communicate with "sandbox neighbors" are easier than those who are shy or retarded in speech development. Skromnikov additionally need to be referred to a psychologist and a speech therapist in order to learn how to talk about their desires and needs.
- The immune system. Sick children early stay in the group is contraindicated.
- Independence. If a child knows how to ask for a potty, holds a bottle himself or eats with a spoon, it will be easier for him to adapt to the system.
- Emotionality - according to the observations of experts, girls adapt to innovations faster, boys have a stronger connection with their mother.
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Phases of adaptation:
- Light - lasts up to 15 days, the little one behaves adequately in nursery in kindergarten, does not get sick, does not lose weight, does not act up.
- Moderate - there are signs of mental stress, unreasonable crying or slight weight loss (lasts up to 2 months) is possible.
- Severe - categorical rejection, exhaustion, soreness, mood swings. A specialist consultation is required.
Statistics in different countries
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A country |
Accepted to kindergarten |
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The decree lasts 2 months, then you can give the baby to the nursery |
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From 3 months |
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Maternity leave lasts six months, then the child is sent to the garden |
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Great Britain |
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Finland |
From 9 months of age |
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From the age of 3, home education is practiced |
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Up to 3 years, offspring stay with their parents or relatives |
Nursery in kindergarten
The age limit is from 1.5 years old, but there are groups for pupils from 6 months. It is preferable to accustom the baby to the team in advance: start with short stay groups (2-3 hours), later it will be possible to leave for the whole day.
We recommend that you come to the chosen institution in advance, acquaint the specialists with the developmental features and habits of the child, his interests and inclinations. It is impossible to radically change the usual way of life in one moment.
Advantages:
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Flaws:
- Not all private gardens are licensed.
- High price.
At what age should a child be sent to kindergarten?- the personal choice of everyone, but be careful, at such a tender age, psychological trauma is not uncommon.
Each section has a minimum age at which children are accepted into it. Most often it is 4 years.
Gymnastics
This is one of the most beautiful views sports. Performances of gymnasts and gymnasts with bright ribbons, hoops, rolling pins, balls always look impressive.
Pros: Develops flexibility, stretching, precision and grace.
Cons: bruises, sprains, dislocations and other injuries.
Age: it is preferable to give the child to gymnastics early - from the age of 4. At this age, both stretching and twine are easier for children.
Sports ballroom dancing
This is an alternative to gymnastics. You can send both girls and boys to this sport. Dancing is music, movements, beautiful costumes. The conditions here are much milder than in gymnastics, but a lot of work is also needed to achieve success.
Pros: develops endurance, coordination, balance, flexibility, a strong muscular frame of the back, which means that posture and the ability to control your body are developed. Dancing in pairs, children learn to be tolerant and attentive to each other.
Cons: bruises, sprains, leg and back injuries are possible.
Age: from 4 years old.
Figure skating
Sports on ice open up great prospects, but it will take many years to reap the rewards of hard training. AT figure skating You can give both boys and girls.
Pros: good physical shape, coordination, balance, flexibility, fearlessness, increased resistance to bronchopulmonary diseases.
Cons: injuries of the musculoskeletal system, concussions, due to prolonged ice classes - inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, which is dangerous for the health of girls.
Age: from 4 years old. At this age, children have good flexibility and almost no sense of fear.
Swimming
Classes in the water are pleasant and useful in all respects. But still, some parents are skeptical about this sport because of the figures of professional swimmers. You can avoid "wings" (broad shoulders) by swimming once or twice a week.
Pros: swimming develops the respiratory system, hardens the child, strengthens nervous system. Even a half-hour workout in the water significantly raises vitality.
Cons: at the very beginning of training, beginners often catch a cold, leaving after water in the cold (ear, nasopharyngeal diseases).
Age: it is useful for a child to swim from birth, you can enroll in a preparatory group from 3-4 years old.
Skiing (alpine or cross-country skiing)
Even if the child does not become an Olympic champion, he will in any case acquire a winter hobby for himself for life.
Pros: skiing and snowboarding develop dexterity, improve coordination, train the muscles of the back, legs, and abs. Classes bring a lot of positive emotions.
Cons: concussions and injuries of the musculoskeletal system; contraindications - epilepsy, diseases of the musculoskeletal system, bronchial asthma.
Age: You can start skiing at the age of 4. Classes begin with OFP. Children for skiing are prepared from the age of 5. Snowboarding will have to wait. Even if parents try themselves as instructors, it will be difficult for kids to cope with the board. Enrollment in the snowboard section - from the age of 7.
Tennis (big, table), badminton
tennis in last years has become the most fashionable and expensive sport, promises numerous victories in the future. But this requires a lot of practice. Badminton is a more budget friendly alternative to tennis.
Pros: develops dexterity, attention, speed of reaction, tempers character and provides good physical shape.
Cons: bruises, sprains, dislocations (shoulder, elbow, knee joints).
Age: from 4-5 years old.
Martial arts: judo, karate, aikido, wushu
In these types of martial arts, along with defense, they also study the technique of attack. Sports useful in everyday life.
Pros: the ability to stand up for yourself, promotes the development of coordination, accuracy of movements, flexibility, agility, strength. With the help of martial arts, children learn proper breathing, the ability to control emotions and direct energy in the right direction, to concentrate.
Cons: injuries of the musculoskeletal system (during falls).
Age: enrolled in preparatory groups karate, aikido, wushu - from 4 years old; judo - from 5 years old. At first, children take a course of general physical education and get acquainted with wrestling in a playful way.
Team sports
Basketball, volleyball, football, hockey, baseball are playing sports.
Pros: develop team spirit, confidence, agility, endurance, strength. Especially team sports are useful for children who were brought up outside the social environment (at home, with nannies).
Cons: serious injuries to the head and musculoskeletal system that can put an end to a career. Hockey is especially traumatic due to early training on the ice. Classes are contraindicated in diseases of the musculoskeletal system, bronchial asthma, epilepsy.
Age: basketball, volleyball, baseball, football - from 5 years old, hockey - from 4 years old.
Horseback riding
Elite and expensive sport.
Pros: the ability to stay in the saddle, which trains the vestibular apparatus, forms posture. This sport brings up courage, endurance, strength, gives positive emotions.
Cons: fall injuries, concussions, calluses on the hands.
Age: from 4 years old. Babies on preparatory classes talk about horses, learn how to handle and care for animals, as well as small ponies - to stay in the saddle.
Chess, checkers
Highly intellectual sport.
Pros: develop logical thinking, teach strategy and tactics, train memory; children who play chess learn better.
Cons: none.
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You can enroll in the section from the age of 5.
Power loads
The development of strength abilities begins with small physical loads and is carried out in all sports sections.
Pros: a good physical shape, a relief body, endurance, strength are formed.
Cons: the bones and joints of children are not fully formed, fractures, sprains and dislocations are possible.
Age: from 4-5 years old in any section.
Athletics
Running, walking, long jump, high jump, javelin throw, shot put - all these sports are not for kids. But it is possible to develop abilities for them from an early age.
Pros: various competitions and physical training classes in a playful way instill in the child an interest in sports, teach proper breathing, setting the foot when running and walking, which will come in handy outside of sports.
Cons: injuries of the musculoskeletal system.
In accordance with Part 1 of Art. 67 federal law dated December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ “On education in Russian Federation» A child can be sent to school at the age of 6 years and 6 months. However, the extreme limit is 8 years. But, if there are certain deviations in the physical or psychological state. For example, if your child does not speak well, and he still needs to work with specialists. You take a special certificate from the medical center and write a statement to the local government that your child is not ready to start studying at a general education institution.
If you need a web design studio - click on the webcenter.pro link. Professional approach, reasonable prices and high quality are waiting for you on the proposed site.At what age can a child legally go to school?
- The law provides that the age at which a child can go to school is 6 years and 6 months;
- A child may be admitted to school earlier if he or she is 6 years and 5 months old at the time of September 1st;
- If there are any medical contraindications, the child can go to school at the age of 8 years.
Relationship between law and child development
Letter from the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation “On the organization of education in the first grade of a four-year elementary school» determines that a general education institution may refuse to admit parents to children if, at the time of September 1, the child is not 6 years and six months old. Many lawyers say that if your child is 6.5 years old, then you can go to school from October. After all, most often at this age the child is asked to be taken away from kindergarten, as there are sorely not enough places for kids. Before you enroll in school, visit one or another educational institution and find out if your child can be accepted earlier than the specified date.Another important aspect of admission to study at a general education institution is the passage of diagnostics of intellectual and psychological development. This test allows you to determine whether the child is ready to attend an educational institution. As a rule, this diagnosis comes down to the simplest questions that the child should answer without difficulty. If your child has not passed such a diagnosis, then no one has the right to expel you from kindergarten, since it is believed that the baby is not yet ready to study at school.
The Code is a systematized, unified, original legislative act. The law is established in a clearly defined legal field, and is a set ...
When a child grows up and begins to actively move, many parents have a natural desire to send him to the sports section.
In this matter, moms and dads are often guided by their personal preferences, or the degree of convenience of the location of the section relative to the house.
What do you really need to pay attention to when choosing a sports section for a child?
First you need to carefully look at your baby. Maybe he already shows an interest in a particular sport - ask him about it directly or show the broadcasts on TV.
If there are difficulties with determining the direction, lead the child to the maximum number of sections and circles. Somewhere he will definitely "find his own."
At what age to send a child to sports
Kids under 3 years old are usually not taken to sports sections. Therefore, up to this age, you can only teach your baby to sports on your own - equip at home sports section, buy balls, do gymnastics with your child.
From 3-4 years old, you can already go to classes under the supervision of a coach. This age is very good for the development of coordination and flexibility - offer the girl classes in aerobics, rhythmic gymnastics, ballet, tennis, acrobatics. Boys can try football, tennis and hockey.
Features of development at an early age
At 3-4 years old, it is worth starting classes to develop flexibility - during this period, the child's body is most pliable to stretching. You also need to know that the bone skeleton at this age is not completely formed, so it is better to avoid compression load on the spine - jumping and gymnastics should be excluded.
If you do not want your child to connect his life with professional sports, you should not be zealous in ensuring that he is constantly in class. In fact, up to 5 years for a child to have normal healthy development, light sports loads and outdoor games are enough.
Choosing a sport for your child
In order to better understand in which sport a child is almost certain to excel, pay attention to his physique. For example, if a child is taller than average, basketball is suitable for him, while for gymnastics this is rather an undesirable indicator.
Experts identify several types of physique
Asthenoid type
It is characterized by leanness, legs and arms are usually long, shoulders are narrow, muscles are weakly expressed. These kids are suitable for those sports where the emphasis is on endurance and mobility - for example, sports swimming and rhythmic gymnastics.
Thoracic type
These are usually well-knit babies with well-defined muscle mass, active and mobile. A distinctive feature is the equal width of the shoulders and chest. They make excellent football players and figure skaters.
muscle type
Such children have a large skeleton and a well-defined muscle mass. They are suitable for all types of martial arts, football, hockey, water polo.
Digestive type
Such children have excess weight(usually "tummy") and short stature. By nature, they are not very active, but gymnastics, martial arts and swimming can suit them.
Our expert - hand-to-hand combat instructor Oleg Kovalyk.
At 5 or at 12?
In Japan, the birthplace of karate, jiu-jitsu, aikido and judo, kids are sent to martial arts schools after 5 years. In China, the birthplace of the legendary wushu, they begin to install military equipment even earlier - as early as 4 years old. But in Korea, in the homeland of taekwondo, it is believed that the student must get stronger, and for this he is given time up to 7-8 years. The Afro-Brazilian dance and martial art of capoeira will fit well on the soul either at a very young age - at 5-6 years old, or in adolescence - after 12 years. because the skeletal and muscular systems of the child must get stronger.
Boxing or Sambo?
Which type of martial arts suits your child depends largely on his temperament.
Slow - such a child needs to develop speed of reaction, courage, pressure, vestibular apparatus. And at the same time, we need a course that leads to the goal in detail, without haste. The kid should be aware of what and why he is learning. So start with boxing, wrestling, then he can choose his own direction.
Affectionate crybaby runs the risk of growing up spoiled and effeminate, therefore martial arts some kind of salvation for him. However, you should not start with hard training. Start with those types where breathing exercises, meditation are recommended ... This is wushu, aikido.
Stubborn will become only with a clear personal desire. However, if in the course of learning it begins to disappear, the child should be re-motivated to complete the work begun. A child whose leading personality trait is perseverance is recommended karate and, the whole philosophy of which is aimed at achieving heights through reasonable motivation of willpower.
Aggressive often makes parents and teachers think that it will do without being able to dress their aggression in an appropriate combat form. Wrong opinion! Eastern philosophy, on the basis of which the spiritual component of martial arts is built, just teaches to subdue pride and cope with such passions as anger, rage, thirst for revenge ... Wushu, jiu-jitsu - these directions, subject to the right start - with meditation, breathing and muscle gymnastics, the right spiritual attitude - in a few years they will make a seasoned and responsible little fighter out of a hysterical aggressor.
A shy person is often strong enough to physically be able to repulse offenders, but is afraid, "however they scold and punish." The timidity of such a child is manifested in everything. And for him, freedom of movement is necessary, which will very soon give him inner freedom as well. Sambo, hand-to-hand combat, boxing will teach the boy to show and correctly apply his physical strength, to enjoy it.
Cheerful is often a good student and is suitable, in general, for any kind of martial arts. His nature can be attracted by the aesthetics of combat, so spectacular directions are good for him - kickboxing, karate, aikido.
The little philosopher already intuitively knows what other guys will just start learning at the martial arts school. The spiritual side of the fight for him may be clear. He should develop speed and agility in such martial arts as jiu-jitsu, aikido, taekwondo.
Before enrolling a child in any sports section, you must:
>> Get serious about choosing a school or sports club for your child. Visit several halls where children practice martial arts, watch how the classes are held. Look around the place: how comfortable, light and warm, is the room well ventilated, is there enough for all the necessary protective equipment; assess the degree of wear and hygienic condition of sports equipment…
When choosing, do not prioritize the proximity of the school to your home and the cheapness of classes. It's not the most important thing.
>> Consult your pediatrician and get permission. If necessary, undergo a full examination by one or more specialists and pass the recommended tests.
>> In a calm environment, talk to the coach. Ask yourself more than once or twice: can you trust this person with your child? Are you sure the classes will be safe? And only if each time the answer is positive, you can safely lead the child to classes.
>> And finally, remember that the main thing is your child's sincere desire to practice martial arts!
“No one becomes a warrior against their will! Tibetan monks said. “And the teacher comes only when the student is ready.”