Drawings and professional advice for the construction of a two-story frame house

The layout of the interior of the house is considered optimal for many developers; it suits both young families with children and families of pensioners, who only occasionally come to visit close relatives. The main difference of this frame house is that you can live in it permanently, comfortable conditions are created in the house for any season, and modern construction technologies make it possible to complete all construction work in just three months from the start of construction.

This project does not have a pile foundation, but a shallow strip foundation (MZFL), we specifically abandoned screw piles, below we will explain what our choice is connected with. If you decide to use this project for your country house, you can proceed to its more detailed consideration.

Foundation

Since in this case we abandoned pile foundations in favor of a monolithic shallow foundation strip (MZFL), we consider it necessary to say a few words about the technology of its construction.

• It is necessary to determine the height difference of the construction site along the horizon. This can be done independently using a transparent flexible hose of small diameter filled with water or call specialists who have a theodolite. If the height difference is too large, then you will have to make a layout, the top fertile soil layer must be removed in any case.
• Break in kind the plan of the house with the help of wooden pegs, designate the center lines and the outer boundaries of the bearing walls.
• The depth of the trench should be up to 70 cm, more accurate parameters depend on the characteristics of the soil and the level of groundwater. The width of the trench depends on the weight of the building and the physical characteristics of the soils for bearing the load.
• At the bottom you need to fill up a sand cushion, the height of the cushion is ≈ 30 centimeters, compact the sand cushion.
• Prepare and install formwork. The formwork can be made from special laminated plywood boards (the best option) or from ordinary boards. Fix the formwork in such a way that during the pouring of concrete it does not violate its linear dimensions.
• Tie the reinforcing cage. Use rebar of a periodic profile Ø 12 mm, carry out a bundle with wire. The distance between the reinforcing mesh and the formwork must be at least five centimeters.
• Pour concrete, during pouring use vibrators to remove air bubbles, sheets of roofing material or foam must be fixed between the formwork and concrete. They will relieve stresses that occur during the freezing / freezing of the earth, the foundation will not shrink and rise. Concrete pouring must be done quickly, never stretch it for several days.

What is the difference between MZFL and ordinary tape? The fact that it has reinforcement that turns the entire tape into a single solid structure. The foundation does not violate its integrity during a slight rise / fall, does not crack. And this means that your structure will be stable, no problems will arise. But only under one condition - you will make a high-quality reinforcing mesh and use durable concrete. One more thing. Be sure to make ventilation in the strip foundation for natural ventilation of the underground space. If you plan to place utilities under the floor, then hatches should be left approximately 50 × 50 centimeters. Through them it will be possible to carry out repairs or maintenance of engineering networks.

Bottom trim and bottom cover

A very important element of any frame house, the durability of the operation of the building largely depends on the quality of the lower trim. Be sure to put two layers of roofing material between the strip foundation and wooden beams, we recommend impregnating the beams with an antiseptic. Logs can also be impregnated, this will also have a positive effect on the strength and reliability of the flooring.

For beds, take boards 200 × 50 mm, fix them in anchors, connect them to a gash at the corners, you can additionally strengthen them with wooden or metal dowels. Logs are also from boards 200 × 50 mm, take the distance between the logs from the drawing we offer. Floors on the first floor should be insulated, use glass wool or mineral wool as insulation, do not forget to put a layer of waterproofing. You can make a draft floor from plywood sheets or unedged boards. The type of subfloor depends on what material you will use to finish the floor. If a cheap laminate is planned, then the subfloor must be made solid; if you use natural boards, then the subfloor can be made from cheap unedged boards. An important point - all unedged ones must be sanded, otherwise wood pests will begin to multiply in them.

Wall layout

Vertical racks must occupy a strictly vertical position, the distance between them is according to the attached drawing. In pre-designated places, it is necessary to equip door and window openings. The vertical supports must be stable, fasten them with corner stops. Make supports from boards, fix them with inclined boards. The walls will be insulated with mineral wool. External walls are recommended to be upholstered with siding, for internal walls use gypsum boards.