What is the technology of building a frame house: step by step and with pictures

The construction market over the past few years has been flooded with the so-called frame houses, which are built in huge numbers every week both by firms and by their own hands. The reason for such love for "skeletons" lies in the simplicity of construction and the pace of construction. The phased construction of a frame house allows you to mount a full-fledged residential building in one season, which will look quite presentable, and differ in an attractive price and cost-effectiveness in maintenance. The technology is easy to understand and implement with your own hands.

What is the meaning of construction

As the name implies, the technology consists in the formation of a certain frame made of wood (boards or timber) or metal, with a gradual gradual sheathing of it with layers of films, membranes, insulation, etc. Such a multilayer wall construction allows achieving good thermal characteristics with fairly thin walls.

What materials form the wall?

• mineral wool insulation
• insulation foam sheets
• waterproofing in the form of a film or membrane
• vapor barrier in the form of a diffusion membrane
• OSB sheets
• exterior and interior decoration

When building a building frame, do not forget to make openings for windows. They must be reinforced with crossbars that take the load and evenly distribute it to the foundation. Read more about inserting windows.

After the walls are erected, it is necessary to proceed to the next stage.

The third stage of construction: roofing

Even during the design of your house, you had to decide what type of roof will crown your building. Most often, a gable roof is chosen for frame houses, however, shed roofs are also in demand due to the ease of do-it-yourself installation, simplicity of design and lower price.

The device of a roof begins with truss system. The rafter system is the main frame of the roof. The rafter system consists of the following elements:

• Mauerlat
• rafter legs
• racks
• runs
• puff
• sill
• struts
• crate

When the roof frame is completed, it is necessary to insulate it. The filling of the roof consists of almost the same layers as the wall. Outside, we carry out roof insulation with foam sheets or mineral wool, lay waterproofing, which we fix with a crate.

From the inside, we put a layer of mineral wool or polystyrene if the room in the attic is not residential. We fix the vapor barrier layer and close everything with OSB shields. We cover the roof with roofing materials, depending on the slope of the slope and our own preferences. Remember that soft roofing, which has become very popular lately, is only laid on a plane, so the crate must be supplemented with OSB boards. In this case, the angle of inclination can be small - from 5 degrees.

Fourth stage of construction: floors

On the ground floor, floors are most often arranged on the ground. What does it mean? The technology is as follows. We remove the initially fertile layer of soil, and in its place we fall asleep a layer of gravel. It is necessary for drainage, as moisture will seep in and have less contact with the cement screed. On the ground we make a layer of sand of 30-50 cm, depending on the height of your foundation. Carry out tamping with your own hands or with the help of equipment. As a result, a layer of sand should be located 5 cm below the level of the foundation in order to avoid a cold bridge and freezing in the corners.

Next, we perform a rough screed using liquid cement. If you take cement a little more liquid than for the foundation, you do not have to level it with tools, since under the influence of gravity the cement itself will be evenly distributed on the ground. The most important thing is that the ground is flat, otherwise the liquid cement will drain into one place.

When the rough screed dries, you can continue to install the floor. To do this, we perform waterproofing with a film, on top of which we lay out a floor insulation. On top of the insulation using a grid, you can fix the pipes of a warm floor (liquid or electric). And pour a clean screed.

The final part of building floors is the flooring. It can be wooden floors, tiles, laminate and more.

If you do not want to use cement in the floor (for example, if construction takes place in winter), the technology for installing wooden frame floors based on log will help you. How to arrange such a floor, see the diagram:

For its arrangement it is necessary:

• board 25x100
• timber 200x200
• timber 70x195
• board 50x150
• wind protection
• insulation
• underlay and laminate or tile

You will find more information about flooring in a frame house.

Fifth stage of construction: finishing

At the fifth stage of construction, the exterior and interior decoration of the house, the installation of plumbing, the connection of lamps, sockets, and other work is carried out, which will make a real house for living or relaxing from a simple box with walls and a roof.

Since the walls of the frame house are covered with OSB boards, it will not be difficult to complete the exterior and interior decoration even with your own hands. How to make an exterior finish and choose the right materials can be found in our article.

Interior decoration depends primarily on the preferences of the owners of the house, and can be done using tiles, wallpaper, liquid wallpaper, plaster, in particular - decorative. The walls can be painted, upholstered with clapboard, siding, the ceilings can be whitewashed or stretch ceiling technology can be used. The floor can be covered with tiles, parquet, laminate. In general, there is room for fantasy to roam.

By this time, you should have already removed all the pipes for installing plumbing (they are removed at the stage of building floors, during the rough screed), lay wires for electricity. The construction of a frame house from the first to the fifth stage takes about 3 months.