How to build a garden house with your own hands: step by step instructions

You can easily build a garden house with your own hands. To do this, you do not need to mount a complex recessed foundation. Yes, and the tools you can get by with those that you find in your suburban area.

Location selection

Initially, it will be necessary to determine the place where the construction is supposed to be carried out. The house should not be located in a lowland where water will accumulate, as this will significantly shorten the life of the building materials. It is best to choose the highest point of the site. Experts recommend placing the house in the northern or northwestern part of the territory.

Preparatory work

It will be impossible to build a garden house with your own hands if you do not prepare the appropriate materials and tools. The first can be a brick, as well as a gas or foam block. If you want to speed up the construction, it is recommended to prefer aerated concrete. Products from it, as a rule, have significant dimensions.

Bearing structures can be built from a pine beam, which has a square section. Its side should be equal to 100 millimeters. One of the four sides of the beam, which will form the outer surface of the wall, must be planed. The edges of the material must be chamfered. The remaining elements of the building, namely the ceiling, rafters, windows, floor beams, as well as windows, can be made using pine timber.

Material selection

A garden house with your own hands should be built exclusively from well-dried material. It is important that the moisture level of the wood is the same, otherwise uneven deformation may occur during shrinkage. In addition to wood, insulation material, antiseptic impregnation, nails, plaster, asbestos-cement sheets, building foam, and floor slats should be prepared. It is important to have all the necessary set of tools: a hand saw, a drill, a corner, a cord, a brush, a ruler.

House construction technology

If you decide to build a garden house with your own hands, then initially you will need to make markings on the territory. After earthworks are carried out. The depth of the foundation should be determined depending on the type of soil, the freezing line. The level of groundwater occurrence is also important. The foundation must be laid below the freezing depth. The most suitable soils for installing the foundation are silty sands with clay, wet clay soils, peat bogs, which require laying a sand cushion. The layer of the latter should be equal to 20 centimeters.

After the trench for the foundation is dug, the walls and bottom must be well tamped, which is true if you plan to build a tape-type foundation. It is suitable for heavy walls made of brick, stone and concrete. If the construction will be carried out with the help of wood, and the soil is characterized by a significant freezing depth, a columnar base should be used. For the foundation, natural stone, concrete or rubble concrete is often used. Below the waterproofing layer, experts recommend using concrete grade M120-150. You can use clay brick brand M75 or cement mortar marked M25-50.

Waterproofing

Between the foundation and the walls, waterproofing must be laid, which is located 15-50 cm from the surface of the earth. Rolled waterproofing materials can be glued to the foundation surface using hot mastic. Around the basement there should be a blind area, which is a strip 80 cm wide, but no less. This element must be done with clay. However, it will first be necessary to get rid of the top vegetation layer of the soil. Gravel or crushed stone should be drowned in clay, after which everything is covered with fine-grained asphalt.

Wall construction features

When garden houses are built with their own hands, it is important to follow the technology of work. Initially, a draft beam is laid on the surface of the foundation in one row along the perimeter, which will create the contour of the walls of the building. Fasten the elements together with nails. Four pillars serve as the basis of the frame, which must be installed in the corners. They are dug into the ground, and then fixed to the rough timber with the lower part. From above, it is necessary to mount with the help of temporary stretch marks, which must be set vertically.

Completion of the walls

It is recommended to use long nails to fix the frame elements. As soon as the frame acquires rigidity, it can be revetted on both sides. It is necessary in advance to lay a bar blank between the edges of the corners of the timber blank. They are attached to each other with 150 mm nails. Linen tow is laid between the bars. During the construction process, it is imperative to check the position of the elements using the building level.

Floor arrangement

When garden houses are built with their own hands, the beams of the first floor are laid on the surface of the strip foundation. A rough floor should be laid on top, which can be based on an edged planed board. For the reason that such a material dries out after the loss of moisture, it is necessary to make a clay screed on the floor, placing a heater on its surface. It is recommended to cover the draft floor with a layer of roofing. In the role of insulation material, it is better to use mineral wool boards. From above, the insulation is covered with a second layer of roofing. Then a cement-sand screed is poured, the thickness of which should be equal to 2 cm. Ceiling beams made of timber play the role of a frame, which is necessary for the ceiling floor of the first floor. You can perform this overlap using a planed edged board.

Floor arrangement

Before you build a garden house with your own hands, you need to stock up on sawdust that will fill the space between the floor of the second floor and the ceiling of the first. After the ceiling must be sheathed with clapboard, which is carried out in parallel with the refining of the walls. After drying is carried out, the floor of the second floor, if there is one in the house, must be ennobled with a floor lath. It should be laid perpendicular to the subfloor. In this case, it is necessary to use the technology of forced compression of several boards, using wedges for this. This technique will reduce the gaps in the floor, which will certainly form after the final drying of the lumber.

If the house has a fireplace or stove, the area of ​​the floor that is adjacent to such equipment must be made of floor ceramic tiles. Moisture-resistant drywall should be laid on the subfloor. Ceramic tiles are laid on top.

Roofing

If you are building a garden house with your own hands, the step-by-step instructions presented in this article should help you in carrying out the work. Attic floors are made using a similar technology. The beams will rest on the bearing walls with their ends. They should be cut into the top harness. If you have to work with walls that are made of brick or stone, you need to make nests in them. Their back wall must be covered with a layer of felt, which is pre-impregnated with resin. In those places where the beams rest, you need to lay a layer of roofing felt or roofing material. Before you build a garden house with your own hands from a bar, you need to remember that the roof of the building will include an outer covering and rafters, the latter are inclined supporting beams. On them is a flooring or crate system.

For the reason that a garden house is a fairly simple structure, it should have a single or double pitched roof. The slope depends on the climatic conditions and the material at the base of the roof. The more precipitation falls in the region, the steeper it is necessary to make a clone during construction. If you are building a garden house with your own hands with a veranda made of timber, then it may have asbestos-cement sheets as part of the roof. You can use tiles or sheet steel. When installing rafters, it will be easiest to mount them in an inclined position. Rafter legs in this case should be cut into the upper wall trim. They can also be cut into the Mauerlat. It is mounted around the perimeter at an acute angle.

It is necessary to make sure that the cross section of the Mauerlat is at least 100 x 100 millimeters. When building garden houses, how to make such structures with your own hands? You should definitely ask a specialist about this.

On top of the rafters, for example, a lattice made of boards and poles should be installed. It is necessary to nail them apart or close, setting them parallel to the ridge. The lathing on the roof overhangs should form a continuous flooring. If you have chosen the most rational asbestos-cement sheets, they need to be nailed to the roof, or rather, to the crate, the elements of which were installed in increments of 530 millimeters. If you are building a garden house with your own hands, you should be interested in the building instructions. The algorithm of actions presented in the article will certainly help you.

Conclusion

If you are building a garden house, then asbestos-cement sheets at the stage of arranging the roof should be mounted in such a way that the sheets are overlapped in the horizontal direction by a wave width.

The sheet, which is located above, must be lowered to the underlying one by about 120 millimeters. Asbestos-cement elements with a slight slope of the roof must be laid on the sheets of roofing material. This should be done overlapping and parallel to the ridge. Each side of the sheet must be fixed with four nails. Screws can be used as an alternative fixing solution. It is important to follow the technology of work, this will guarantee 50 percent success. Before starting the process, the master must also take care of choosing high-quality materials, since the durability of the building will depend on this.