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The meaning of the word chandelier

chandelier in the crossword dictionary

Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language, Vladimir Dal

chandelier

cf. Greek chandelier, church candlestick, pendant lamp about many candles. Chandelier or chandelier master.

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. D.N. Ushakov

chandelier

chandelier, cf. (from the Greek polykandelos - consisting of many lamps) (church.). Large church chandelier.

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova.

chandelier

Ah, cf. Candle chandelier or candelabra in a church.

adj. pani-censer, th, th.

New explanatory and derivational dictionary of the Russian language, T. F. Efremova.

chandelier

cf. A large chandelier with candles or a large candlestick (usually in a church).

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998

chandelier

Panikadilo (Middle Greek polykandelon) a large chandelier or multi-cavity candlestick in a church.

Wikipedia

Chandelier

Chandelier(also omnipotent, policandilo- in an Orthodox church, a central chandelier, a lamp with many candles or lamps. Usually the terms "chandelier" and "omnipresence" are used in relation to the lamps in the center of the temple, which use more than 12 candles.

Polikandila are both single-tiered and multi-tiered. The most ancient polycandyles are single-tier khoros - polycandyles in the form of a wheel rim.

According to the Church Charter, during Sunday and holiday services, all lamps are lit, including the chandelier, creating an image of God's light that will shine upon the faithful in the Kingdom of Heaven. With many lights, the chandelier symbolically means the Heavenly Church as a constellation, a gathering of people sanctified by the grace of the Holy Spirit, burning with the fire of love for God.

Examples of the use of the word chandelier in the literature.

And the things that he sharpened - chandelier, doskans and others, made of ivory.

Only in the altar thick candles near the cross poured out fires, shining widely in gold and silver. chandelier, crosses and ris.

Candles burn evenly in gilded copper chandeliers, filling the cramped Terem church with soft radiance - just fit the priest and the family of the prince.

He himself cut the lectern, and heavy wooden chandelier he carved and decorated himself during the long nights of solitary wilderness life.

In monasteries, in cities behind the Savior, in churches, behind porches, in vestibules, in altars - with icons, chandeliers, antimins, rugs on which one cannot walk, invisibly - huddled the spirit of the great god, who ruled human souls for two thousand years - birth, morality, conception and death, and what will happen after death.

Now in the cathedral there is a single breath of citizens, the solemn gold of the vestments of the clergy, the flickering of candles in chandeliers, khoros and standing in front of the icons, angelic voices of little singers and the thick voice of the choir shaking the vaults, to which the whole square in front of the cathedral sings along, black people and nobility sing along rooftops and streets, and, moving their lips, silently echoes the liturgy, standing in their iconic rest , the great Nerevsky noblewoman Marfa Boretskaya.

They began to sing on the krylos, immediately it lit up chandelier, - it glows like Christmas.

Hear, holy catholic apostolic church, with all the local icons and honest small images, with all the apostolic books and with lamps, and with chandeliers, and with local candles, and with holy shrouds, and with black robes, with stone walls and iron plates, with all sorts of fruitful trees and flowers!

At the bottom of the cathedral, at the doors, thrown with an iron cross-bar, a soft, pleasant voice sings, and that voice is more audible above than below, among the gilding, church pendants, chandelier, candlesticks and chandeliers.

wax candles in front of the images attached to chandeliers so weakly that from the slightest shock they had to fall into the troughs with gunpowder: this was always done on purpose so that self-immolation would look as little as possible like suicide.

The most mystical mood, which had not yet passed then, gave a festive solemnity to our meeting, like a bell ringing, singing and lit chandelier.

French - tapestry and Italian - brocade chairs, colorful carpets, several wall clocks, Persian weapons, a copper globe, an English-made thermometer, cast silver candlesticks and chandelier, bindings of books and on the vaulted ceiling - the celestial sphere painted with gold, silver and azure - were reflected many times in the mirrors, in the piers and above the doors.

πολυκάνδηλον - many candles) - in an Orthodox church, a central chandelier, a lamp with many candles or lamps.

According to the Church Charter, during Sunday and holiday services, all lamps are lit, including the chandelier, creating an image of God's light that will shine upon the faithful in the Kingdom of Heaven. With many lights, the chandelier symbolically means the Heavenly Church as a constellation, a gathering of people sanctified by the grace of the Holy Spirit, burning with the fire of love for God.

Etymology

Chandelier in culture and art

French cream glistens on their breasts;
They scurry about with the impudence of a crocodile.
Burn, burn, my chandelier,
And then they peck me completely ...

Boris Grebenshchikov. "Moscow October".

Chandeliers are burning in heaven,
And below is darkness.
Did you go to him or not?
Tell yourself!

Vladimir Solovyov, 1895

At first they wanted to adapt him to fight with two chandeliers. Grisha Ovnyuk suggested. He always tries to come up with something new so that there are no self-repetitions. Then they googled what it was and decided to exchange it for bread knives.

Viktor Olegovich Pelevin. "T".

• The collection of poems of 1915 by the Romanian poet Eftimiu is called "Extinguished Chandeliers".

I. S. Turgenev, in the story "The Steppe King Lear", we read:

The priest put on an old, barely living robe; a barely alive deacon came out of the kitchen, with difficulty blowing incense in an old brass chandelier. The prayer has begun.

The writer confused the chandelier with the censer.

Links

• Chandelier // E. V. Gladysheva, L. V. Nersesyan Dictionary-index of names and concepts on ancient Russian art

Literature

• Table book of clergy, vol. 4, M., 1983.

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

Synonyms:

See what "Panikadilo" is in other dictionaries:

- (Greek). A large chandelier in the church, as well as a pendant lamp about many candles. Dictionary foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov A.N., 1910. PANIKADILOS [gr. polykandelos consisting of many lamps] in the church: large ... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

- (from the Greek poly many and kandela candle), in an Orthodox church a central chandelier with many candles or lamps. In the 20th century chandelier candles are often replaced with electric light bulbs... Modern Encyclopedia

Candelabra, horos, chandelier, candlestick Dictionary of Russian synonyms. chandelier n., number of synonyms: 4 chandeliers (7) ... Synonym dictionary

This is a central lamp, richly decorated with crystal, which enhances the light of candles. Light is sacred to the church. A chandelier is one of the main lamps of the church. The chandelier may contain a different number of candles. There are chandeliers, for example, with thirteen candles. It refers to the twelve apostles with Jesus Christ. In this case, one of the candles is located more centrally and above all the others.

Chandeliers can have either one tier or several. Tiered chandeliers are the personification of hierarchy, an indication of the order that exists in heaven. If we compare the circle of the chandelier with the firmament of heaven, the vertical rows will symbolize the levels of heaven or the ranks of the creatures that inhabit them. And if we compare the numerical symbolism with the gathering of people in the church, then the tiers will reflect all the stages of the improvement of believers. In a chandelier, the number of its tiers may be different - it is three, or five, or seven, nine or twelve tiers. Since there is no exact numerical value of the heavenly ranks, there is no definite value for the number of tiers of chandeliers.
The oldest of the chandeliers are called khoros. They look like metal or wooden wheels that are suspended from the dome of the temple on chains. And along the circumference of these wheels put candles or lamps.

Production and sale of bronze chandeliers

In our workshops, the most experienced and qualified specialists always work on the creation of a chandelier. This allows you to create products that impress with their elegance, adherence to the canons, detailing and quality of each element. The traditional casting technique, the accuracy of each stage of work allows us to achieve excellent results. Our company is ready to produce chandeliers according to draft designs of clients, we are ready to perform work of any volume and degree of complexity.

Since the chandelier occupies one of the central positions in the temple, its appearance much attention is paid and most often they are ordered by individual projects. However, in our workshops, customers can get acquainted with the finished products, which are made on the basis of the best samples that adorn the most famous temples. In their production, our craftsmen relied on classical canons, so ready-made chandeliers will certainly take their rightful place in any church parish. In our company you can also buy chandeliers with a pronounced personality, created by our best craftsmen.

The chandelier is the central multi-tiered lamp in any Orthodox church, placed under the main dome of the cathedral. He is also called the omniscient.

origin of name

The origin and meaning of the word "chandelier" goes back to the Greek "polycandilon", which means "many candles". The modern Russian sound of the name, according to the famous linguist Maximilian Fasmer, arose from the distorted pronunciation of the Greek source, where the first part was influenced by the word "requiem", and the second came close to the word "censer".

The device and meaning of the chandelier

In its shape, the lamp resembles a cone with its apex facing the ceiling. Each tier of the chandelier has the shape of a circle, on which there are lamps or candles. The number of tiers may vary, depending on the height and size of the temple. Since lighting is of particular importance for the church, chandeliers made of bronze or brass are richly decorated with the faces of saints, gilding, ornaments and crystal, which refracts and amplifies the light of the lamps.

In the center of the chandelier is placed a spherical element called "apple", meaning grace and the fruit of heavenly wisdom. The chandelier itself is a symbol of the Heavenly Church, exuding a semblance of a Spiritual glow that awaits believers on the way to the Kingdom of Heaven.

The multi-tiered chandeliers in the temple represent an indication of the heavenly order and hierarchy. If we correlate the circles of the lamp with the firmament, then each vertical row will correspond to the level of heaven and the rank of the creatures that inhabit it. If we correlate the levels with the people gathering in the temple, then they will reflect the degree of spiritual perfection of the parishioners. Since the exact number of celestial ranks is unknown, there is no obligatory indication of the number of chandelier tiers - there can be from 3 to 12.

Because the chandelier is the main lamp of the temple, according to church canons, it is lit only during festive and especially significant services. During special moments ceremonies, to give greater solemnity to the moment, the chandelier is swayed so that light is shed on the entire crowd of people.

Horos - an ancient type of chandelier

The architecture of the first Christians did not imply the presence of massive lamps. Under the dome of the building there was a horos - a round platform with an inscribed one where 12 candles were placed, corresponding to the number of apostles. The spread of Christianity and the development of architecture changed the appearance of the horos, which gradually acquired a modern look.

Horos is the most ancient form of the chandelier. Ancient horos were made of metal or wood, representing a wheel that was horizontally suspended from the ceiling on chains. Lamps were installed around the circumference of the wheel. In some cases, the horos looked like a semicircular bowl, where lamps were placed in the recess. Gradually, the form of the horos became more complicated, they began to be decorated with ornaments, images, biblical characters and scenes.

Today, a horos is a chandelier of a special kind, each tier of which resembles a wheel rim. The number of wheels is limited only by the size of the temple and the imagination of the master. The lamp symbolizes the firmament and the stars on it. A horos can also have a tree structure. In this case, a rod is placed in the center, to which wheels with light bulbs are attached. A similar structure of the lamp symbolically means the tree of life.

Modern forms of khoros and their extraordinary beauty impress and amaze the eye. The fusion of ancient traditions and new technologies make it possible to create true masterpieces that combine fine jewelry work and deep philosophical meaning.

Meaning

Compiled dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

chandelier

PANIKADILO

(Greek). A large chandelier in the church, as well as a pendant lamp about many candles.

(Source: "Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language." Chudinov A.N., 1910)

PANIKADILO

(gr. polykandelos - consisting of many lamps) - in the church: a large chandelier or candlestick.

(Source: Dictionary of Foreign Words. Komlev N.G., 2006)

PANIKADILO

Greek polykantilo, from polys, many, and kantela, lamp. Large chandelier in the church.

(Source: "Explanation of 25,000 foreign words that have come into use in the Russian language, with the meaning of their roots." Mikhelson A.D., 1865)

PANIKADILO

chandelier hanging under the vault of the temple.

(Source: "Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language." Pavlenkov F., 1907)

Synonyms

stress, word forms

Origin, etymology

Etymological dictionary of the Russian language. Vasmer Max

chandelier

chandelier

"hanging candlestick for a large number candles", church, other Russian. Ponikandlo (Ipatiev chronicle), chandelier (Novgor. I chronicle; see Srezn. II, 874). Borrowing close to the censer (see censing) from the Middle Greek πολυκάνδηλον, -α; see Mi. EW 231; Fasmer, Gr.-Sl. fl. 76. The beginning of the word was probably influenced by the word memorial service. From Greek also comes R. policandru - the same; see Tiktin 3 , 1205. Phonetically compare other Russian ponichronium "durability" (Anton. Novgorod. 83) from Greek πολυχρόνιον.