A fulfilling life after a heart attack. What not to do after myocardial infarction Myocardial infarction what not to do

Hello dear readers! AT last years myocardial infarction has become a relatively common disease. For those who have had it, life after a heart attack is divided into two halves: before and after the disease. But the fact is, if the patient survived after this serious illness, then he was incredibly lucky.

To return to the usual way of life, for some time, and maybe permanently, you will have to give up your habits. We must always remember what can and cannot be done. But everything is reversible if you follow the advice that I will outline in my article.

Statistics say that today the rapid mortality of patients after myocardial infarction is only 12% of the total number of patients with a similar diagnosis.

A heart attack is not a death sentence. Those who have had this disease often become depressed, believing that they will have to deal with the consequences of this disease for a long time, and maybe until the end of their days. They begin to think that they will not be able to do their favorite activities and will have to watch life from the side. But if you believe the statistics, then this is absolutely not the case.

Even before the beginning of the last century, it was believed that a similar disease occurs in older people. And it was much less common than it is now. Now myocardial infarction occurs in people of a fairly young age at the age of 30-35 years. And if earlier this was more common in men, now this disease is often recorded in women.

Currently, there are many cases when those who have had a myocardial infarction return to a full life, live long and at the same time feel quite happy. But this is possible only if certain rules are observed. Even the slightest indulgence increases the risk re-infarction and unpredictable consequences.

Life after a heart attack - the main points of rehabilitation

Myocardial infarction is one of clinical forms coronary disease heart, which proceeds with the development of necrosis of a section of the heart muscle, due to absolute or relative insufficiency of blood supply.

The effectiveness of rehabilitation measures depends on the severity of the condition, how pronounced coronary insufficiency, the presence of complications and the nature of the infarction (transmural or small focal).

What you need to observe and what you need to pay attention to:

• Weight control and dieting;
• Control blood pressure and levels of cholesterol and glucose in the blood;
• Rejection of bad habits;
• Psychological assistance - prevention of stressful situations and chronic fatigue.

Let's analyze these points in more detail.

Weight control and dieting

After past illness the heart muscle is subjected to serious stress if the body weight is sufficiently higher than normal. Therefore, if there is overweight, we must try to reduce it. The first key to weight loss is diet. It is strictly forbidden to use rigid diets. The best option would be to eat small portions of food, but every 3 hours.

Diet should be varied, but cholesterol-rich foods should be avoided, as a third of cases of coronary heart disease are caused by high level cholesterol. Fatty, fried food is categorically contraindicated - it contributes to the further development of atherosclerosis.

To eliminate the risk of further development and re-attack, you should use more:

• Whole grain bread and cereals;
• Fresh and processed vegetables - 200 g, fresh and frozen fruits - at least 5 servings per day (1 serving is 1 apple, or 1 banana, or 1 orange, or 1 pear, or 2 kiwi, or 2 plums, or 1 slice melons, or 1 glass of juice);
• All legumes (including soy and soy protein) - 300-400 g per week;
• Lean meats, lean and fatty fish should be consumed no more than twice a week, fish from the northern seas is preferable, seafood can be consumed in moderation;
• Skimmed milk or dairy products - 200 ml, cottage cheese or low-fat cheese - 30 g;
• Protein chicken egg, yolk - 2-3 times a week;
• Low calorie sweets;
• Vinegar, ketchup, mustard, and fat-free dressings can be used to season food. Instead of animal fats, it is preferable to use vegetable oils, best of all.

It should be remembered that it is necessary to limit consumption, completely abandon smoked meats, coffee, chocolate, alcohol.

To maintain the normal functioning of the heart muscle, it is necessary to eat dried apricots, raisins, prunes, which are rich in potassium, and seafood, rich in iodine.

Rejection of bad habits

If you used to smoke or abuse alcohol before the disease, then after the disease you should forget about them. forever and ever. Doctors allow such patients sometimes drink a glass of dry wine or a glass of good wine, but smoking is out of the question. Nicotine causes blood vessels to constrict, which can damage the coronary arteries and cause a second attack.

Blood pressure control

After suffering a myocardial infarction, doctors recommend measuring blood pressure and pulse 2 times a day - in the morning and in the evening at the same time, as well as when the state of health changes. Blood pressure should not exceed 140/90 mm Hg. Art., and the pulse is 55-60 beats per minute.

Stable blood pressure indicates normal heart function. If you do not have a blood pressure monitor, you need to purchase one. And how to choose it I wrote

Also, 2 times a year, you should check the level of cholesterol and glucose in the blood. This is necessary to correct treatment and prevent risk factors for re-exacerbation.

I have already said that being overweight puts extra strain on the heart. To avoid this, you will have to lose weight. This is facilitated by physical activity.

Physical activity should be sparing and dosed, which means that immediately after discharge from the hospital, they should not lift more than 3 kg of weight and walk, depending on how they feel, no more than 500-1000 meters. The most accessible physical activity is walking. You should walk in any weather, except for hot and cold days. With satisfactory health, physical activity can be increased, but gradually, but not more than once a week

Physiotherapy exercises also play a big positive role. In the rehabilitation center, exercise therapy is always carried out under the guidance of a doctor. The same exercises should be done at home, turn on this video and work out with a trainer.

Psychological help

A person who has suffered such a serious illness cannot forget the feelings that led him to such a state for a long time. 40% of patients experience fear of a second attack, listen to their hearts, various phobias, are afraid to be alone at home, do not walk unaccompanied. In addition, the patient may be irritable, sleep badly, he is overcome by various gloomy thoughts.

The role of relatives in this situation is to support him and reassure him. It is important to create a positive climate in the family, communicate more. In some hospitals, special groups for psychological support are created, which teach how to behave in patients after a myocardial infarction.

It is important to avoid stress and not overwork. Perhaps, in the first weeks after discharge from the hospital, arrange daytime sleep.

Employment is also important. Try to do what you can, a hobby. But do not forget about the allowable loads. A favorite activity will distract from negative thoughts and fill the day with pleasant things. Most importantly, do what you enjoy. Do not lock yourself in four walls, walk more and chat with friends.

Again, according to statistics, people with a positive attitude after suffering heart disease live 2 times longer than those with a closed mind.

intimate life

Most often now myocardial infarction occurs in men, as they say, in the prime of life. Therefore, many of them are worried and trying to find out if sex is possible after the disease. Doctors say that sex in this case is not only possible, but, on the contrary, necessary. Because it only calls positive emotions.

Some men have some problems in their intimate life - a decrease in sexual desire, sexual weakness, etc. This may be caused by taking certain medications that are still prescribed for a while after being discharged from the hospital. Some men are very worried about this, which can cause a hypochondriacal syndrome and further aggravate the situation.

There is no need to worry about this, everything will normalize with time. If the situation is very annoying, then you can consult a doctor and he will prescribe additional treatment and psychotherapy.

Conclusion

In conclusion, I want to add to you that you should not refuse to take the medication prescribed by the doctor. They are essential in the first place. Some of them prevent the formation of blood clots and thin the blood, others eliminate pain, shortness of breath and anxiety. Visit your local doctor regularly to check on your condition.

If you feel, do not pull - put a nitroglycerin tablet under your tongue, chew and swallow an aspirin tablet and call an ambulance.

Sometimes you have to resort to stenting, this should not be afraid. Stenting is the expansion of the lumen of the coronary vessels with the help of a stent, as a result of which the blood supply to the affected area is restored. According to reviews, after such a procedure - surgery, patients feel much more beautiful and then live a full life.

That's all I wanted to talk about how to live after a myocardial infarction. I hope that this trouble will bypass you. And if this happened, then be sure to follow these tips and then everything will be fine with you! And I say goodbye to you until we meet again, do not forget to subscribe to blog updates and go through the social buttons. networks if you found this article helpful.

Taisiya Filippova was with you.

A heart attack is one of the most serious pathologies. This disease can be considered a kind of boundary that divides life into two parts: before and after an attack. Therefore, it is so important to organize the correct rehabilitation period after a heart attack.

After all, a properly selected health recovery program will help maintain an acceptable quality of life for a person, and will also minimize the likelihood of a repeated process. The latter circumstance probably plays a primary role in this process.

Life after a heart attack differs from the usual way of life in that even with a favorable set of circumstances, the risk of sudden death is incredibly high.

But this does not mean at all that a person should doomedly wait for a fatal outcome. On the contrary, if the patient directs all efforts to the process of restoring health and strictly follows all medical recommendations, this will increase his chances for a long life and its good quality.

Conditions for full recovery

The result of the recovery stage after a heart attack depends on many factors: the age of the patient, the nature of the disease itself, and the extent of the affected area are important. With a heart attack, damage to the tissues of the heart muscle occurs, and then a scar forms at this place. Such a formation disrupts the normal nutrition of tissues and subsequently leads to arrhythmias and other complications.

If the parameters of the scar are small, then the normal blood supply is compensated by neighboring healthy areas. At large sizes scar it is very difficult to restore the normal functioning of the body, and often it is simply impossible.

Therefore, the rehabilitation of patients who have had a heart attack, consists of a whole range of activities. Particular attention during this crucial period is paid to the lifestyle, because the further forecast often depends on habits. Neglect of the rules that are prescribed for patients in this category often leads to repeated heart attacks.

Moreover, most relapses occur precisely at the recovery stage, or shortly after it. To minimize the likelihood of complications, the patient must behave as advised by the doctor.

Only if there is a trusting relationship between the patient and medical workers good results can be expected. The sick person should be interested in the result of the process and cooperate with the medical staff. If such an understanding is not achieved, then all the efforts of professionals will be in vain.

The main goals of the recovery period

Restoring health lost as a result of a heart attack is an extremely difficult task. Indeed, it is not easy for any person to change the situation, but it is especially difficult to change the habitual way of life for men, who are more conservative than women.

Many patients in the early stages are under medical supervision. Patients with a milder form of the disease and a favorable course are discharged home. But both categories of people need information on how to properly organize their daily routine, what should be abandoned, and what, on the contrary, should be made the main rule of a new life. Such knowledge is necessary for people to fully adapt after a heart attack.

If we remove secondary factors, then the main points in recovery period will be:

• A balanced diet aimed at a smooth decrease in body weight if overweight or obesity is noted.
• Regular monitoring of blood pressure indicators.
• Mandatory monitoring of glucose and cholesterol levels.
• The daily routine should be built in such a way as to prevent chronic fatigue.
• Stressful situations should be avoided at all costs.
• Physical activity should be dosed.
• Therapeutic gymnastics must be included in the complex of rehabilitation measures.
• Psychological assistance will help the patient adequately respond to changing life situations.

Important point! Physical activity for patients who have had a heart attack should be determined by the doctor, based on the severity of the patient's condition. All classes begin with minimal activity, and the load increases gradually.

What category of patients needs rehabilitation

Life after a heart attack for many patients is built according to the classical principle: inpatient treatment, then stay in a sanatorium, and only then, under favorable circumstances, does the person return to work.

For some patients, work becomes impossible, and they receive a disability group.

But often a heart attack in a person is detected quite by accident during the medical examination. Such latent forms of the disease are no less dangerous than the acute course of the disease. For asymptomatic variants of MI, it is characteristic that a small lesion is formed as a result.

Such a course of the process usually does not manifest itself clinically, only later on the ECG a cicatricial change in the heart is detected.

There are other variants of a heart attack, which also give non-specific for this pathology. clinical picture. Such factors make it impossible to timely diagnose the disease.

Therefore, it is very important that the patient immediately consult a doctor if the state of health worsens, expressed by such signs:

• constant weakness,
• lowering blood pressure,
• moderate tachycardia,
• sweating more than usual
• increase in temperature background to subfebrile values ​​(37 -37.5).

Such atypical forms can cause no less serious damage to health than one has to observe after an extensive heart attack. Because even a small scar on the heart tissue in case of repeated MI will significantly worsen the course of the process.

The consequences of latent and mild forms of the disease are:

• weak contractile function of the myocardium,
• hypotension,
• aneurysm formation,
• thromboembolism,
• pericarditis (inflammation of the outer lining of the heart).

Special attention! Atypical forms of a heart attack need exactly the same rehabilitation methods that are carried out after an acute attack.

The initial stage of recovery

A favorable prognosis for patients who have had a heart attack depends largely on the start of the recovery phase. That is why it is so important to carry out the rehabilitation period as soon as possible.

Of course, such measures should be carried out taking into account the condition of the patient himself and the degree of damage to the heart muscle.

In the first days, that is, at the hospital stage, the following active loads are allowed:

• With an average severity of the process, you can start exercising already for 2-3 days. In severe MI, this is possible only after a week.
• Approximately for 4-5 days, the patient is allowed to sit on the bed for several minutes with his legs down.
• If the patient's condition does not cause concern, then after a week he is already allowed to take a few steps near his bed.
• The patient is allowed to move freely around the ward two weeks after the attack.
• If the condition of the ward is satisfactory, the exercise therapy instructor may, in the third week of the hospital period, allow him to go out into the corridor and even master several steps of the stairs.
• Every day the distance of walks gradually increases.

During this especially critical period, a patient with a heart attack should not be left alone. Next to him must be relatives or one of the medical staff.

To assess the patient's condition, it is necessary to measure blood pressure and pulse rate before and after exercise. If necessary, an electrocardiogram should be done. If the measurement data indicate negative change the patient's condition, then physical activity is reduced.

In the normal course of the recovery process, a person is sent for further rehabilitation to a sanatorium or a specialized cardio center. And only after that the doctor writes to the patient detailed instructions holding events at home.

Conditions for home rehabilitation

Patients of types 1 and 2 are transferred to this recovery stage after a sanatorium rehabilitation course. Together with drug treatment, an individual recovery program is prescribed. physical activity.

Much attention is paid to the lifestyle that a person must adhere to after a heart attack.

When drawing up a program, the doctor must note such points as:

• proper diet,
• daily walks,
• proper sleep and rest,
• regular physical activity,
• complete exclusion of bad habits.

All physical activities are carried out with mandatory monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate. A special set of exercises is carried out according to a pre-arranged schedule several times a week. Classes are held in a sparing mode under the guidance of an exercise therapy instructor.

Important! The patient at this time should not forget about self-control, he should correctly alternate loads with pauses for rest.

Psychological help

Any disease- this is stress for the whole organism, which negatively affects psychological state sick. Often a person after a heart attack experiences depression, which he cannot cope on his own.

That is why it is so important to support such people. The help of loved ones will help to quickly cope with the problem, get used to the new living conditions.

This moment should not be overlooked, and if the emotional state of a person is alarming, you should definitely seek help from a specialist. The psychotherapist will give the necessary recommendations that will help stabilize the situation and prevent the development of serious neurosis and pathological personality changes.

Disadaptation of a neurotic nature can be determined by the following signs:

• increased irritability,
• frequent mood swings
• sleep disorder,
• phobias (fear of the patient even for a short time to be alone).

Often the patient is deeply "immersed" in the disease and requires relatives to call an ambulance even when there is no reason for this. Such patients also cause a lot of trouble to physicians, because they constantly demand heightened attention and additional treatment.

Ways to solve "special" problems

In men of mature age, who do not have a decrease in sexual activity, after suffering a myocardial infarction, the question always arises about their future sexual life. Constantly thinking about it only exacerbates the situation.

Meanwhile, intimate life after a heart attack is not prohibited. On the contrary, it is even shown, as it evokes positive emotions. But even here a reasonable measure is needed. If there are problems in this matter, it is necessary to inform the doctor about them. Additional treatment will help correct the situation.

To prevent mental disorders in postinfarction patients on the basis of many medical institutions established special schools.

In such centers, relatives and patients themselves can receive advice on issues of concern to them. Professional support will help a person quickly adapt and return to work.

Limitations that cannot be avoided

Myocardial infarction belongs to the category of diseases that significantly affect the work of other organs and systems. Therefore, it is so important to direct all efforts to ensure that the aggravation of the process does not happen again.

Together with other pathologies that are in the history of a particular patient, this diagnosis requires fundamental changes in his lifestyle. Such restrictions are necessary to at least minimize the risk of a second heart attack.

The table below shows what not to do after a MI:

Important point! It is strictly forbidden for the patient and relatives to change or supplement drug treatment and other points of the recovery program. Any "amateur" in this matter can lead to unpredictable consequences.

People who have had a heart attack should understand that the duration and quality of their future life depends entirely on how they can adapt to new conditions.

That is, all the required changes will not be temporary, but permanent. In principle, this is not difficult if a person can tune himself in a positive way.

Subject to the small restrictions mentioned above and a few useful advice you can actively live and work for many years after MI.

Experts advise to adhere to the following rules:

• Food. The diet should be rich in vitamins and vital minerals. It is best to build food on vegetable dishes, dietary meats, cereals, lean fish. Fresh vegetables and fruits, greens must be present in the daily menu.
• Physical activity. Muscles should not suffer from a lack of exercise even after a heart attack. Therefore, physical activity in moderation will only benefit. Walking at an unhurried pace has a good effect on muscle tone, yoga is good for breathing, and, therefore, improves the supply of oxygen to the blood. Types of physical activity should always be discussed with your doctor.
• Regular visits to the doctor should also be among the main rules of the new lifestyle. This will allow the specialist to control vital important indicators work of the heart (BP, ECG) and timely identify any deviations. In addition to these parameters, the doctor should also evaluate the level of cholesterol and glucose in a post-infarction patient.

By adhering to these three points systematically, the patient will be able to avoid a second attack.

Forecast

myocardial infarction is a very insidious disease. According to statistics, it occupies a leading position among the most common causes of premature death. Therefore, there can be no unambiguous forecast here.

It all depends on a combination of factors:

• Gender identity. For example, men are more susceptible to heart attack, even at a young age. And in a woman, this disease can appear only in the postmenopausal period. This factor is due to the fact that at fertile age estrogens (female sex hormone) block the development of atherosclerotic plaques, thereby preventing the development of a heart attack. But after 60 years, the risk of MI in the fairer sex increases dramatically.
• Age. The same applies to the age of the patient: the older the person, the less favorable the prognosis. Indeed, in old age, people usually accumulate a whole “bouquet” of concomitant diseases, which greatly complicates the recovery stage. In addition, it is very difficult for elderly people to rebuild and change their life position. It is especially difficult for them to part with harmful addictions, although this is a prerequisite for a positive prognosis.
• Job. There are also many questions regarding employment. The occupation itself, which a person performed before the illness, is very important. If it labor activity associated with the performance of hard, physically demanding work, then you will have to change your occupation.

It is especially difficult to make predictions for patients who have had a massive heart attack, since they are very likely to have a second attack.

Therefore, it is impossible to talk about life expectancy after MI as a specific period. Some people live to a ripe old age without a disability, while others die within the first year. As noted earlier, it all depends on individual features person and the disease.

Also, one should not believe the prevailing opinion that a person is able to endure a certain number of heart attacks. This is not entirely true. Often the first case of a heart attack is fatal for a person.

Preventive actions

Myocardial infarction can be avoided if:

• Timely deal with cardiovascular problems.
• Eat properly.
• Adhere to the regime of the day, alternating rest with loads.
• Sleep well.
• Eliminate habits that are incompatible with in a healthy way life.
• Control your weight.
• Maintain physical activity.

Life after a heart attack will be full if the patient himself strives for this. But a lot depends on the people who are next to the person. A favorable atmosphere, attention and care of close relatives, understanding of friends - all this can positively influence the prognosis.

29.04.2017

In a heart attack, a section of heart tissue as a result of oxygen starvation dies, a scar forms.

There may be several such scars, and a person can find out that he had previously had a heart attack during hospitalization in cardiology due to a new heart attack.

After each heart attack, a scar is formed, which is fraught with a violation of the contraction of the heart muscle. Blood will circulate through the organs and systems not in the same volume and rhythm, but with disturbances. Why can't the heart muscles contract like they used to?

Because through the resulting scar, an electrical impulse is blocked, which makes the heart muscle work. Because of this blockage, rhythmic contractions occur, gradually leading to heart failure.

A person cannot avoid the consequences of necrosis, the functionality of the heart will be limited by the size of the affected area. After a heart attack, some organs will receive less blood and nutrients in her.

Popular causes of a heart attack

One of the main reasons that often undermine man's health, became smoking. While smoking cigarettes, the lungs get microtrauma, the result is the formation of blood clots. Particles of lung tissue break off and move through the bloodstream to the coronary arteries of the heart, where they can clog the lumen and provoke a heart attack.

Another reason that causes damage to the heart muscle is overeating, the abuse of fatty and high-calorie foods with a high cholesterol content. Cholesterol plaques form on the walls of blood vessels, which narrows the lumen of the vessels and slows down blood circulation, which in the long term is fraught with the formation of blood clots and heart attack.

Physical inactivity due to a sedentary lifestyle is a significant factor due to which many people end up in hospitals with heart disease every year. By ignoring the need for physical activity, a person spends little energy and consumes a lot of calories.

As a result, the body is overgrown with fat and the muscles weaken. Why is such a scenario dangerous? The fact that its consequences are manifested in insufficient blood supply to various parts of the body, to the point that some arteries die off, and the circulatory system degrades. This can lead to blockage of the heart arteries.

Other causes that provoke a heart attack and its consequences are diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, overexertion during arrhythmia, and kidney pathology. Each of these factors can cause pathology of the heart muscle by itself or in combination with other causes.

Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor on time. How long and well you can live is related to how a person organizes his life, what he does to improve its quality, what measures he takes to prevent various diseases.

How lifestyle is changing

The fact that the consequences of a heart attack in men and women are inevitable is not a reason to put an end to yourself, considering it inferior. Over time, you can recover, it all depends on the age at which a microinfarction occurred in men and how large the area is affected.

The only thing that a person will have to remember about the disease and change their lifestyle, many habits are tailored new feature organism. In particular, there can be no talk of bad habits.

The doctor will prescribe medications that you need to take so that there is no relapse and compensate Negative consequences heart attack. In place of the tissues of the heart, where the blood did not flow, a scar is formed.

With a small size of the scar, instead of the dead tissues of the heart muscle, neighboring cardiomyocytes will work, and then the organ will work at full strength. But if a person has a large scar on his heart, then he is likely to develop arrhythmia in the future.

Initially, a person who has had heart disease is interested in how the world in which he lives will change, or rather, his role in this world. In particular, active patients are interested in predictions about the timing of the return to work.

The recovery period lasts from 2 weeks to several months, depending on the age of the patient, concomitant diseases, and the severity of the infarction. When making a prognosis for myocardial infarction regarding work activity, the doctor considers the activity itself.

If it is associated with hard physical labor, you will have to temporarily abandon it or forever, otherwise life expectancy after a heart attack will be short. The law contains recommendations to employers on finding suitable employment for employees during the recovery period after such a serious illness.

How health changes after a heart attack

Doctors know that the consequences of myocardial infarction can manifest themselves on a physiological and psychological level. Angina pectoris may be disturbing - this is a reason to see a doctor.

It is important to notify the doctor about your condition if such attacks of angina pectoris occur frequently, not only during physical activity, but also in a calm state. Seriously speaking, the consequences of myocardial infarction may indicate an impending second heart attack. The new attack will be harder than the previous one.

Often, life after a heart attack is complicated by the presence of negative emotions, ranging from bad mood to depression and fear of death. Often, the deterioration of the emotional state occurs against the background of increased aggression. Anger indicates the presence of fear caused by discomfort in the sternum and the risk of facing a recurrence of the disease.

If you constantly think about myocardial infarction, the consequences cannot be positive, because a person does not feel like a full-fledged part of society, but is waiting for death. Such isolation does not bode well, it is fraught with isolation from the world, a violation of the usual way of life, a surge of negative emotions.

It is not necessary to try to treat psychological trauma on your own. It is better to contact your doctor or psychologist, who will tell you that life after a myocardial infarction is not so terrible as disability due to loss of a limb, tumor, etc.

Prevention of a recurrent heart attack

As soon as the recovery period allows you to return to normal life, you need to think about how to prevent a possible relapse of the disease. It is more convenient to start from the reasons that provoked the attack and all the consequences of a microinfarction. E If a pack of cigarettes smoked daily has become a provoking factor, it is logical to get rid of thoughts about smoking once and for all. If this is not done, there is a huge risk that soon you will have to ask the doctor how long they live after a second heart attack.

Many men, who are more likely than women to experience a heart attack, “sin” with smoking, overeating, physical inactivity and unhealthy culinary preferences. It is difficult to give up all bad habits and completely rebuild your lifestyle, but if you don’t want a heart attack in men to cause consequences in the form of paralysis, slurred speech, shortness of breath and the inability to be physically active, then it’s time to prioritize and choose what is more important.

Immediately become a runner from a couch potato, and it is not required. Instead of an hour of lying on the couch, it is enough to set aside time for walking or cycling. Instead of tasting spirits, you can get carried away with tasting different varieties green tea. Ask your doctor if you can go to the gym.

It is better to start with exercise therapy in order to perform those exercises under the supervision of a trainer that will be appropriate for the load. As for nutrition, vegetables and fruits should predominate in the diet, and fats and salt with sugar should be minimized. These measures will not only reduce the risk of a second heart attack, but will have a positive effect on overall health.

Considering the question of how dangerous a heart attack is in women and men, there are practically no differences. It is more difficult for the stronger sex to subsequently give up serious physical exertion, since for many this is the main occupation. As for the stress on the heart during intimate relationships, men will have a difficult time here - since they usually play a dominant role.

Sexual relations are a burden on circulatory system, surge of emotions and excitement. Here, a man needs to assess his physical readiness by comparing the state of health before and after a heart attack. If the activity is equal to the one that was before, then you can not deny yourself active intimate relationships.

It's about the physical aspect. As for the psycho-emotional load, at first you can not resort to stimulants in the form of erotic underwear, videos, pills, etc. Let the body gradually increase its power, returning to its former activity. You shouldn't hurry. If you behave correctly after a disease such as myocardial infarction, the prognosis is favorable.

How to live after a heart attack

After a disease such as a microinfarction, the consequences can be minimized if you adhere to the golden mean in the matter of work and rest.

Hard work must be abandoned, because it entails an increase in the contractions of the heart muscle, and the scar on the heart is still weak and can be damaged due to excessive stress. To prevent a re-attack, the doctor will advise which exercise regimen is preferable, how to eat and what to do in the first time after the illness.

The diet should contain foods that help lower blood pressure, normalize blood circulation in the body. In the diet, you need to minimize the amount of animal fats, as they become a source of cholesterol that is harmful to blood vessels.

Fatty meat, fish, lard and sour cream "deposit" on the walls of blood vessels with cholesterol plaques, causing a heart attack. Salty and spicy seasonings are also useless, as are alcoholic drinks. It does not bring any health benefits, only harm. Vegetables, lean fish, fruits, low-fat dairy products, cereals are the basis of a healthy diet.

You need to regularly undergo preventive examinations, take blood and urine tests, undergo an ECG, ultrasound as prescribed by a doctor. At first, life after a heart attack is associated with the prevention of complications. You can find out how well recovery is going on by the absence of signs of heart failure (no pain in the sternum), normal blood sugar and cholesterol levels, and pressure stability. If these indicators are close to normal, then the risk of a second heart attack is minimized.

How long you can live after a heart attack depends on the patient himself, and this is confirmed by numerous cases in medical practice. Patients who follow the recommendations of doctors were able to recover physically and psychologically. Every doctor's advice should be taken into account.

Thoughtful activities such as exercise therapy can be harmful if you don't take your heart rate after exercise. In addition to exercise, be sure to walk. Just walking close to home can do more than any gymnastics. The role of diet should not be underestimated, a person’s weight should be within the normal range, no matter what the media says about it.

A doctor will help you calculate the optimal body weight, you can contact him not only in the presence of a pathology, but in order to prevent its occurrence. Those who treat their body with respect and attention manage to avoid many diseases, and in case of illness, recover faster and return to normal life.

The heart and brain are more closely connected than previously thought. The damaging effects of myocardial infarction also affect the brain. In fact, a heart attack causes the death of neurons in the brain stem, which leads to insomnia.

Sleep plays a crucial role in heart attack recovery, University of Montreal scientists say

For two weeks after myocardial infarction, periods of REM sleep were observed less often and did not last long. This phenomenon was due to the death of cholinergic neurons that control REM sleep, as a result of apoptosis or programmed cell death.

A previous study by the team of Goodbott and Rousseau showed that myocardial infarction affected the limbic system, which is responsible for mood. This explains the depression that often occurs after heart attacks. Since depression often accompanies insomnia, the scientists wanted to test whether there was damage to neurons in the brainstem.

It turned out that myocardial infarction causes not only depression, but is also associated with the action of factors that generate inflammation of tissues, such as the brain, especially in areas that control sleep, its paradoxical phase. The specific function of this phase activates the areas of the brain responsible for the integration of emotions. This is how the risk of depression increases.

Poor sleep is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, insomnia can impair rehabilitation, cause complications, and increase the risk of relapse.

Quite recently, patients who had a myocardial infarction became permanently disabled. In our time, more than 75% of people can afford to continue an active normal life in less than 6 months. To do this, you need to take care of yourself, observe some precautionary measures and conditions so as not to be again in the "networks" of a terrible disease. Consider 5 rules that a patient must follow to recover from a myocardial infarction.

Taking medications

Main medicines prescribed during the rehabilitation of myocardial infarction should prevent the development of atherosclerosis and thrombosis. To do this, many doctors recommend taking aspirin, since it is the most affordable medical drug. It is taken once a day in small doses and as prescribed by a specialist.

Another group of drugs is also prescribed - beta-blockers (anaprilin, obzidan, etc.), which resume the work of the myocardium, have an antiarrhythmic and hypotensive effect. Such drugs prevent the consequences of nervous and physical overstrain, reduce the consumption of oxygen by the heart muscle. Beta-blockers contribute to a significant reduction in the number of deaths after a heart attack in the first year.

Modern lipid-lowering drugs (lipostad, zocor) will help prevent thrombotic layering and reduce atherosclerotic phenomena in the vessels. You need to take them for years, only then in the vessels atherosclerotic plaques can significantly decrease. The attending physician should tell about the rules for taking all medications. He should also warn that stopping (unauthorized) treatment after a myocardial infarction threatens with repeated relapses, as well as angina pectoris or other complications.

Compliance with proper nutrition

Diet after a heart attack must be necessarily low-calorie. For common man a daily dose of 1600-2000 kcal will be enough. But the main condition of the diet is the exclusion of all animal fats, which are considered the main source of cholesterol. It is also highly undesirable to use products with fat of milk origin. Poultry meat can be consumed, but removing all its fatty parts. Persons with diabetes mellitus, as well as, must necessarily observe, and strictly, a salt-free diet.

Here is the cooking vegetable oils(sunflower, olive, linseed, rapeseed) is most useful for patients who have had myocardial infarction. As for the intake of alcoholic beverages, this is a controversial issue. If you use them in a dosed and competent way, then this gives a small anti-atherosclerotic effect. Studies have shown that one glass of wine (red) per day has a positive effect. However, in no case should you take alcohol uncontrollably.

Physical education rehabilitation

After discharge from the hospital, unfortunately, a person stops doing special exercise that were started in the hospital. This is highly undesirable as it could reduce mortality by 25%! With all breaks, relaxing exercises, the duration of classes should be from 20 to 60 minutes. After a heart attack, physiotherapy exercises will not only saturate all the organs of the body with blood, as well as nutrients, but also create a positive mood of the nervous system.

In addition to special physical education, the following rehabilitation methods have an excellent effect on the cardiovascular system: therapeutic walking, massage, physiotherapy, special baths, spa treatment.

Complete cessation of smoking

A patient who has had a myocardial infarction is basically always subject to repeated attacks. That is why it is important to engage in secondary prevention. Refusal of tobacco smoke is a prerequisite for life after a heart attack, both in a year and in 10 years. Smoking cessation is a wonderful and very effective preventive measure for this disease.

A trip to a sanatorium

Rehabilitation in a sanatorium after a heart attack improves the psychological state of the patient and gives new strength. After a heart attack in the first year, treatment is indicated in specialized cardiological sanatoriums. If the patient's condition has stabilized and he feels normal, then rehabilitation can continue at seaside resorts.

On the basis of such a sanatorium, patients receive general therapy, which consists of the following activities: a sanatorium regimen, an active motor regimen, taking cardiological drugs, exercise therapy, massage, sleeping in the fresh air, mineral and gas baths.

After a heart attack, rehabilitation in a sanatorium should ensure the normalization of metabolic processes in the heart muscle, support cardiac functions, and stabilize the water-salt balance. In sanatorium treatment important point the renewal of a person's ability to work and social adaptation are considered.

All these 5 rules, their mandatory observance, will help you recover faster from this disease.

Life after a heart attack should return to the level at which it was in the pre-infarction period. And in any case, do not lose heart! After all, life goes on, and it is required to accept all events. Myocardial infarction is a serious illness, but by no means a reason to consider yourself disabled, because every day medicine is moving further and further towards success in the treatment of this condition and its complications.

Rehabilitation after this pathology should become the main condition for a normal, full-fledged life. Many such people who suffered the severity of a heart attack became prosperous and lived a long wonderful life.