How to fill the blind area around the house

Filling the blind area around the house is an important stage in the construction of any house or structure. It is invisible and seems insignificant. But an experienced builder and user knows its importance. It is necessary to observe the technology of its manufacture, to choose the right type. With a careful study of construction technology, it can be done with your own hands.

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Purpose

The idea of ​​\u200b\u200bthe meaning of the concrete blind area will help answer the question: “How to properly fill the blind area around the house?” The main mission of the blind area is to protect the foundation of the house. This building part drains rainwater, spring floods. The farther moisture goes from the perimeter of the house, the drier the basement. The blind area reduces the load on the drainage system, saves vertical waterproofing. The main parameter of the blind area is its width. The most common value is one meter.

You can limit yourself to a smaller size if the house is small and the size of the plot is tiny. But this deviation should not exceed 20 centimeters. An essential landmark is the cornice of the house. Its projection on the blind area should be 20 centimeters smaller, should be closer to the foundation. The blind area completes the architectural image of any house, serves as a territory for pedestrians. She must have a slight slope away from the house. So the water will be better discharged from the foundation. A two percent slope will suffice. Before starting work, it is important to calculate the height of the blind area near the wall of the house.

Construction and materials

The blind area looks like this:

1. Sand layer. It is rammed and compacted with irrigation.
2. Drainage. Rammed without watering.
3. waterproofing layer.
4. Concrete pavement.
5. Damper seam every 2 meters blind area.
6. Sod, which is adjacent to the blind area on the opposite side of the foundation.

It is impossible to fill the blind area around the house without materials:

1. Bedding. It is prepared before the start of pouring the solution. Its manufacture will require sand, crushed stone or gravel of not very large sizes. It is considered a violation to pour concrete over fine sand. Such a foundation will not be strong, it will definitely shrink. The more serious the design, the more reliable it is. It is preferable to make a pillow of at least two substances. The bottom layer will compact the soil, level the surface. You will need gravel or gravel. The second layer will need sand.
2. Reinforcing mesh. Fittings with a diameter of 6 to 8 millimeters are useful. The softer the soil, the smaller the cell sizes. They can be from 20 to 50 cm.
3. Wooden formwork. Enough boards with a thickness of 20-30 mm., And a width of 100 mm.
4. Concrete solution. The strength of concrete should not be less than B15. Using more serious concrete is economically unprofitable. But if the house is located in the northern latitudes, the concrete must be more frost-resistant.
5. Sealant.

It will be problematic to do this work without the following tools and devices:

1. Bayonet shovel, shovel shovel.
2. Hammer and nails for formwork.
3. Spatula, master.
4. Rule for leveling the solution.
5. Level, roulette.
6. Mixture container.
7. Buckets.
8. Twine or fishing line.

concrete mortar

The brand of concrete used should be based on winter temperatures. Do not use a brand below F50. The best option for Russian conditions is the F100 brand. The main thing in the manufacture of concrete on their own is to accurately maintain the proportions. The ideal option is to use a ready-made mixture from the factory. But it costs money, it will be very difficult for one to quickly work out the quantity that the concrete truck will deliver. Filling the blind area around the house is a laborious process: you simply can’t cope physically. Part of the concrete will disappear or seize, making problems for the near future.

Homemade concrete will require the use of four ingredients: water, sand, cement and crushed stone. The optimal brand of cement is M400. It is desirable to take sand of medium size, fine sand is suitable as an alternative. To obtain a mixture of brand B15, the following ratio will be required:

• Cement - 1 share.
• Sand - 2.9 shares.
• Crushed stone - 4.9 shares.
• Water - 0.6 shares.

If you take ten liters of cement, then the above proportion will give out 54 liters of concrete. Other brands of cement suggest a similar ratio of sand and a slightly smaller amount of coarse aggregate.

The order of the main operations

Proper filling of the blind area involves performing operations in strict accordance with the sequence:

1. Marking around the house. It will help determine the perimeter of the future structure.
2. Excavation around the entire perimeter of the house. The depth of the trench should take into account the thickness of all layers - the bedding and the concrete itself. The standard depth is 30 centimeters.
3. Foundation tamper.
4. Formwork installation. Should be a one-piece, solid construction.
5. Laying loose materials - crushed stone and sand. The process is accompanied by compaction. The minimum thickness of the first layer is 20 centimeters. Sometimes a small layer of clay (5 centimeters) is laid between the soil and bulk materials. The process of tamping sand is accompanied by watering. The closer to the foundation, the more effort is worth making. Instead of rubble, you can use a brick fight.
6. Laying of reinforcement meshes. If conventional reinforcement is used, then it is tied with wire.
7. Installation of boards that will serve as expansion joints. They will not allow concrete to collapse in winter. The step has already been indicated above: 2 meters.
8. Blind area concreting: laying the concrete itself and its compaction, leveling. The standard thickness is 15 centimeters.
9. Structural ironwork. It will give hardness, will reliably protect from moisture. Ironing is the backfilling of fresh mortar with a thin layer of cement after 20 minutes. With a spatula or trowel, it is rubbed over the entire surface of the blind area. This operation can be skipped if you will be laying tiles or other types of decorative material on the blind area.
10. Care of concrete in the process of setting. The structure must be protected from unauthorized entry of foreign objects, animals, guests of the yard.

Subtleties and nuances

The manufacture of the blind area should be started immediately after the construction of the foundation and its finishing. It should be remembered that the blind area should not closely adjoin it. It is necessary to provide a small gap between the base and the blind area. The recommended value is 20 millimeters. The gap will allow these two powerful structures to settle with different values. This will not lead to the appearance of cracks on their surface. If you do not use insulation for the foundation and blind area, then it is recommended to fill this gap with sealant.

Full setting of the filled blind area occurs after 4 weeks at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius. The lower the temperature and the higher the humidity, the longer this period. There is a simple principle: the longer the better! But the formwork can be dismantled much earlier than this period. Concrete care will not be superfluous. It consists in systematic wetting. To prevent evaporation, you can fill the structure with a film. This will prevent cracking during setting.

Warming welcome. Extruded polystyrene foam, which is laid under a layer of concrete for backfill, will help. This procedure is relevant if the sole of the basement is above the freezing value of the soil. The ideal design of the blind area has a drain channel, which is located on its edge. It will help to effectively drain rainwater. The construction of this channel will not be problematic if the yard is sloped. The advanced blind area will be equipped with insulation, which is one with the insulation layer of the whole house. And the gap between the blind area and the foundation will favor this.

decorative design

The blind area can be not only a protective structure, but also become an ornament to the foundation of the house. Its surface can be covered with paving stones, bricks. FEMs are very popular - figured elements for paving. You can lay the blind area with asphalt, but it's expensive. The best option is paving stone. It has suitable strength, long service life, is produced in different colors. It is laid after the blind area has completely hardened. You can put it on a dry mix or on a regular solution of sand and cement. Connoisseurs add a little substance with which they wash dishes. The coating is laid on the mortar, leveled with a rubber mallet. The gaps between the elements are filled with sand or cement. You can walk a week after installation.

Additionally

Before starting all the work, you can take a small master class from specialists. Better yet, work for a few days as an assistant in a construction team. Remember about safety precautions, work with gloves. The main hazard in carrying out this work is lifting weights. The help of a partner will be appropriate.

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