History in pictures: why the Ukrainian hryvnia is good. Banknotes of Ukraine

Sometimes, paying for the next purchase in the store, we do not think that we are holding in our hands not just a tool that allows us to possess things. Banknotes are as much a national symbol as a coat of arms, an anthem or a flag, and even a tourist asset that can inspire an unusual journey. We present to your attention a unique tour of the places depicted on Ukrainian banknotes.

A bit of history

Initially, the hryvnia was called a special decoration that was worn around the neck or, as they said then, “on the back of the neck”. The piece of jewelry was a hoop of gold plates fastened with wire, usually round in shape. Only noble people possessed such a jewel and often used it as a payment unit.

Over time, the hryvnia ceased to look like a piece of jewelry, but the name still remained. Thus, the national currency is a thin connecting thread between modern Ukraine and that distant Russia.

The modern monetary system is characterized by dramatic changes, both in the way banknotes are made and in their appearance. You can pick up any banknote and notice that there is a certain image on the reverse side. All these images were placed there for a reason. So, what is depicted on the hryvnia.

Banknote 1 hryvnia

Let's start our story with a denomination of 1 hryvnia. On its reverse side, the city of Vladimir or, in other words, the historical center of Kyiv is depicted. Of course, today this place looks different. The picture that was placed on the banknote depicts Kyiv at the end of the 10th century, as it was during the reign of Volodymyr the Great. Geographically, this part of the city belongs to the modern Shevchenko district - the oldest part of the city. Here is located, Yaroslavov Val, Lvovskaya, Sofia and Mikhailovskaya squares.

Photo source: wikimedia.org.

Interesting fact: Initially, the ruins of Chersonese were depicted on the back of 1 hryvnia, where Vladimir the Great was baptized. The image of the city of Vladimir began to be placed only in 2004.

Banknote 2 hryvnia

What you see on the 2-hryvnia banknote is the famous . Or rather, how it looked in 1036. Sophia of Kyiv was erected by Prince Yaroslav the Wise in the very place where the Pecheneg troops were finally defeated. It is said that the monarch, whose image you can see on the front side of the banknote, was buried in this very cathedral.

Photo source: worldalldetails.com.

Banknote 5 hryvnia

The 5-hryvnia banknote is associated with the Cherkasy region. This building was erected in 1653 by order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky. According to the idea, the temple was to become a family tomb and a place of eternal rest for the hetman, and here he was buried in 1657. But after 10 years, the Chigirinsky headman dared to disturb the last refuge of Khmelnitsky, destroying his grave and destroying the ashes.

Photo source: stezhkamu.com.

10 hryvnia banknote

On the reverse side of the Ukrainian "chervonets" is located - the visiting card of the capital. Its panorama is invariably associated with the personality of Ivan Mazepa, whose portrait you can see on the banknote. The Hetman of the Left-Bank Ukraine made a lot of efforts to restore such a significant building.

Photo source: timenews.in.ua.

Interesting fact: Ivan Mazepa is an ambiguous personality, sung by many as the first professional Ukrainian "scammer". In this regard, the 10-hryvnia banknote became the only banknote of Ukraine that was tried to be rejected at the development stage.

Banknote 20 hryvnia

The reverse of the 20-hryvnia banknote sends us straight to Lviv - to the main entrance. Until recently, the Lviv Opera was invariably associated with the name of the Ukrainian writer Ivan Franko. However, in 2000 the theater was named after Salome Krushelnytska, whose worldwide fame began here. Now, perhaps in the near future it will be replaced by a new model.

Photo source: stfeder.com.

50 hryvnia banknote

Let's dive a little into the times of the UNR. To make important decisions about the fate of the state, the then parliament and Mikhail Grushevsky needed a special room, the role of which was taken over by the modern one in 1917-18. You will see the image of this building on the back of the banknote. Although today, except for teachers and scientists, no one sits here, but the portrait of Grushevsky, installed in the lobby, does not let you forget about the historical past of this building.

Photo source: probeg.kiev.ua.

Interesting fact: on the back of the first 50-hryvnia bills there was an image of the building of the Verkhovna Rada, instead of the Kyiv Pedagogical Museum, where the Central Rada was located. But in 2004, the legal image of the Central Rada did appear.

100 hryvnia banknote

The 100-hryvnia banknote is by far the freshest of all existing Ukrainian banknotes. Since in 2014 they decided to refresh its reverse and put an image there. Before that, the landscape of the Dnieper appeared on the banknote, opening from the Chernecha Mountain, which is near Kanev. And on the sample preceding this one, there was an image of St. Sophia Cathedral and a monument to Vladimir the Great in Kyiv.

Photo source: panoramio.com, photo by: Dima Korol.

Interesting fact: about what image to place on the 100-hryvnia banknote, there were long disputes. Especially about the portrait of Taras Shevchenko. They could not decide whether to portray him as young or already in the period of his life after exile. But if you trace all the years of the issue of the banknote, you will see that both of these options have been implemented.

Banknote 200 hryvnia

On the back of the 200-hryvnia banknote, the entrance tower of the Lutsk Castle was invariably depicted. What is the connection between Lutsk and Lesya Ukrainka? The famous writer has a lot to do with this city. Here she lived some part of her life and wrote the first "conscious" works. In addition, Lesya Ukrainka often visited and loved him.

Photo source: find-way.com.ua.

Banknote 500 hryvnia

The denomination of 500 hryvnia is the youngest, put into circulation only in 2006. Before that, in independent Ukraine, there were no banknotes more expensive than 200 hryvnias. There is an image on the back of 500 hryvnia. Or rather, how it looked about 300 years ago. Today, the building has changed a little, but has not become less beautiful.

Photo source: inforesist.org.

The tradition of depicting sights and memorable places of the country on money is not new. Buildings on their banknotes are placed in neighboring Russia and Belarus, as well as in Canada, the USA and a number of other states. Today it is difficult to say who initiated this idea, but, most likely, the custom will be preserved for many years and replenished with new images of memos.

Although the value of the Ukrainian hryvnia on the currency market today dropped below the plinth, we still believe in a bright future (not one in which there is light at the end of the tunnel). And remember what is depicted on the banknotes.

1 hryvnia

On the reverse side - the city of Vladimir, the historical center of Kyiv. The picture on the banknote is Kyiv at the end of the 10th century, which it was under Vladimir the Great. Today it is part of the Shevchenko district - one of the oldest districts of the city. There is also St. Andrew's Church, Yaroslavov Val, Maidan, Golden Gates, Lvovskaya, Sofievskaya, Mikhailovskaya squares and much more.

An interesting fact: at first, the ruins of Chersonese were depicted on the reverse side of the hryvnia, where Vladimir was baptized.

2 hryvnia

On the “return” is the Hagia Sophia, or rather, how it looked in 1036. It was built by Yaroslav the Wise - where the Pecheneg troops were finally defeated.

5 hryvnia

The image is associated with the Ilyinsky Church, located in one of the villages of the Cherkasy region (Subotov, Chigirinsky district). The building was built in 1653 by order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky, where he was buried in 1657. But 10 years later, the Chigirinsky headman disturbed the ashes of the deceased, destroying his grave.

10 hryvnia

On the "return" - Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, the business card of the capital. Ivan Mazepa made a lot of efforts to restore the temple. For this, his portrait was placed next to the Lavra, only on the front side.

An interesting fact: there is a rumor that Mazepa was still that swindler. Therefore, this banknote is the only one that was tried to be canceled at the development stage.

20 hryvnia

On the reverse side - the entrance to the Lviv Opera House. Until 2000, it was directly associated with the name of Ivan Franko, but then the theater was named after Salomea Krushelnitskaya, thus marking the beginning of the world fame of the opera singer.

50 hryvnia

During the existence of the UNR, when Mikhail Hrushevsky was the head of the Ukrainian government, there was a certain house, which today is called the modern house of the Teacher. He was depicted on the back of the banknote. Although today no one except teachers and scientists sits in the building, the portrait of a politician and historian is still installed in the foyer - so that they remember the historical past.

On the first banknotes there was an image of the Central Rada. Then it was replaced by the Kyiv Pedagogical Museum. But since 2004, the first option has been returned.

100 hryvnia

This is the newest of all Ukrainian banknotes. In 2014, they decided to refresh its reverse: they placed an image of the Kyiv National University. Shevchenko (red building). But banknotes have not yet been observed in the broad masses. Therefore, now everyone has 100 hryvnias with the image of the Dnieper in their hands. A certain landscape that opens before the eyes of those standing on Chernecha Mountain near Kanev. On the previous sample of the banknote there was St. Sophia Cathedral and a monument to Volodymyr the Great in Kyiv.

An interesting fact: for a long time there were disputes about whether the old or the young portray Shevchenko on money. What they came to - look into the wallet and you will find out everything.

And release date

Reverse Description: Denomination in ornament

On the edge of all mass coins there are indented inscriptions “ONE HRYVNYA” and the year of minting, separated from each other by indented dots.

Coins with a face value of 1 hryvnia of all issues are in circulation and are a valid means of payment in Ukraine, are required to be accepted at face value without quantitative restrictions.

1995 circulating coin

Standard version: diameter 26.0 mm, thickness - 1.85 mm, weight - 6.9 g (2001) or 7.1 g (1995, 1996, 2002), made of brass (1995, 1996) or aluminum bronze ( 2001, 2002, 2003). Artist - Vasily Lopata.

The obverse of the coin depicts the Coat of Arms of Ukraine in the center, framed on both sides with an ornament of two oak leaves and two spikelets. Above the emblem is the inscription "Ukraine", and below it - the year of minting the coin. Not all issues to the right of the year of minting have the logo of the Mint of the National Bank of Ukraine. On perimeter - a convex edging. Images and inscriptions - relief.

On the reverse of the coin, the denomination of the coin is indicated in the center. On both sides of the number "1" are symmetrically placed an ornament of a stylized image of branches. On perimeter - a convex edging. The image on the inscription is embossed.

Circulating coins of the sample of 2004

Vladimir the Great

Since 2004, instead of the 1995 coin, a 1 hryvnia circulating coin has been issued with the image of Volodymyr the Great on the reverse (his image is also placed on 1 hryvnia banknotes). During the reign of Prince Vladimir, the formation of the Old Russian state was completed and Christianity was introduced as the state religion.

Diameter 26.0 mm, thickness - 1.85 mm, weight - 6.8 g, aluminum bronze, years of minting: 2004-2006, 2010-2012, 2014. Artist - Vladimir Demyanenko.

On the obverse of the coin, the denomination of the coin is indicated in the center, the Coat of Arms of Ukraine is depicted at the top, and the year of minting (2004) is depicted at the bottom. The frame forms an old Russian ornament. To the right of the denomination, the logo of the Mint of the National Bank of Ukraine is included in the ornament.

On the reverse there is an image of Prince Vladimir the Great holding right hand cross, and in the left, a stylized image of the Church of the Tithes. At the top there is a circular inscription: Ukr. "VOLODYMYR THE GREAT".

60 years of liberation of Ukraine from fascist invaders

The 1 hryvnia reverse coin “60 Years of Ukraine’s Liberation from Nazi Invaders” is dedicated to the 60th anniversary of Ukraine’s liberation from Nazi invaders.

Diameter 26.0 mm, thickness - 1.85 mm, weight - 6.8 g, aluminum bronze, minted in 2004. Artists - Roman Tchaikovsky and Vladimir Demyanenko.

The reverse shows the lapel of a jacket with awards: the Order of Glory, medals "For Courage", "For Military Merit", "For the Defense of Kyiv" and others. In five lines the inscription Ukr. "60 fates of the will of Ukraine in the form of fascist garrison".

2005 circulating coin

1 hryvnia reverse coin "60 Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945" is dedicated to the 60th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War

Diameter 26.0 mm, thickness - 1.85 mm, weight - 6.8 g, aluminum bronze, minted in 2005. Artists - Vladimir Demyanenko (obverse), Vladimir Atamanchuk (reverse).

The obverse of the coin is identical to the obverse of 1 hryvnia "Vladimir the Great".

On the reverse, in the part of the segment, which is limited by three beams of searchlights, soldiers are depicted returning from the front. On the left is a multi-line inscription Ukrainian. 60 ROCKS OF SUCCESS AT THE GREAT VITCHIZNIA VIENY 1941 - 1945

2010 circulating coin

A reverse commemorative coin with a face value of 1 hryvnia “65 Years of Victory” is dedicated to the 65th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War, participants in the hostilities of 1941-1945, the memory of those who fell in the fight against fascism and veterans of the labor front.

Diameter 26.0 mm, thickness - 1.85 mm, weight - 6.8 g, aluminum bronze, minted in 2010. Artist - Vladimir Demyanenko.

The obverse of the coin is identical to the obverse of 1 hryvnia "Vladimir the Great".

On the reverse of the coin, the Order of the Patriotic War is depicted at the top, on both sides of it - the dates 1945-2010, in the center - the inscription Ukr. 65 ROCKIV OF PEROMOS, under which the St. George ribbon and two carnations are depicted near the Eternal Flame.

Revolving coin of the sample of 2012

Reversible commemorative coin of 1 hryvnia "Final Tournament of the European Football Championship 2012" dedicated to a sporting event - the final tournament of the European Football Championship 2012, which was held in the cities of Ukraine and Poland.

The coin is an official licensed product of UEFA.

Diameter 26.0 mm, thickness - 1.85 mm, weight - 6.8 g, aluminum bronze, minted in 2012. Artist - Vladimir Demyanenko.

The obverse of the coin is identical to the obverse of 1 hryvnia "Vladimir the Great".

On the reverse of the coin around the circumference is the inscription Ukr. FINAL TOURNAMENT EUROPEAN FOOTBALL CHAMPIONSHIP 2012, in the center - the Euro-2012 logo, under which the inscriptions: UEFA/EURO 2012™/POLAND-UKRAINE.

Revolving coin of the sample of 2015

A reverse commemorative coin with a face value of 1 hryvnia "70 Years of Victory" is dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War, participants in the hostilities of 1941-1945, the memory of those who fell in the fight against fascism and veterans of the labor front.

Diameter 26.0 mm, thickness - 1.85 mm, weight - 6.8 g, aluminum bronze, minted in 2015. Artist - obverse: Vladimir Demyanenko; reverse: Vladimir Taran, Alexander Kharuk, Sergey Kharuk.

The obverse of the coin is identical to the obverse of 1 hryvnia "Vladimir the Great".

The reverse of the coin depicts a stylized composition: a soldier's helmet and poppy flowers are symbols of memory, the inscription 1945 on the left, 2015 on the right. Triangles that symbolize the flame of candles. Above the inscription in a semicircle Ukrainian. 70 ROCKS OF PEROMOS.

common data

Negotiable (1 hryvnia) coins in circulation
Image		Denomination	Options				Description			the date
Obverse	Reverse		Diameter	Thickness	Weight	Material	edge	Obverse	Reverse	first coinage	release
		1 hryvnia	26 mm	1.85 mm	7.1 or 6.9 g	Before 1996 - brass, since 2001 - aluminum bronze		Coat of arms of Ukraine, year of minting	1995	March 12	(not put into circulation), - , -
		1 hryvnia	26 mm	1.85 mm	6.8 g	aluminum bronze	Inscription: "ONE HRYVNYA", year of minting	Coat of arms of Ukraine, ancient Slavic pattern, denomination, year of minting	Vladimir the Great	2004	the 25th of October
		1 hryvnia	26 mm	1.85 mm	6.8 g				The inscription: "60 fates of the will of Ukraine in the form of fascist garrison", jacket lapel with orders and medals	2004	the 25th of October
		1 hryvnia	26 mm	1.85 mm	6.8 g				The inscription: "60 ROCKS OF VICTORY AT THE GREAT VITCHIZNATION WIN 1941-1945", soldiers illuminated by three searchlights	2005	April 28
		1 hryvnia	26 mm	1.85 mm	6.8 g				Inscription: "65 ROKIV PEREMOGI 1945-2010", Order of the Patriotic War, St. George ribbon, two carnations near the Eternal Flame.	2010	April 28
		1 hryvnia	26 mm	1.85 mm	6.8 g				The inscription around the circle: "FINAL TOURNAMENT OF THE EUROPEAN FOOTBALL CHAMPIONSHIP 2012", in the center is the Euro-2012 logo, under it are the inscriptions: "UEFA / EURO 2012 ™ / POLAND-UKRAINE".	2012	March 1
		1 hryvnia	26 mm	1.85 mm	6.8 g				The inscription in a circle: "70 ROCKIV OF VICTORIES", a stylized composition: a soldier's helmet and poppy flowers - symbols of memory, the inscription 1945 on the left, 2015 on the right. Triangles that symbolize the flame of candles.	2015	May 7

investment coin

Coin 1 hryvnia from silver - Ag 999.9, weight precious metal 31.1 g, diameter 38.6 mm, thickness of the coin with edge 3.0 mm; the edge of the coin is corrugated; the quality of the minting is uncirculated, the year of minting is 2011, the mintage is 10,000 pieces.

On the obverse of the coins are placed: at the top of the small State Emblem of Ukraine and the inscription in a semicircle Ukr. NATIONAL BANK OF UKRAINE, in the center in an octagonal frame on the shield is the emblem of the National Bank of Ukraine - allegorical figures of griffins, between which the hryvnia (a monetary unit of Ancient Russia) is depicted. The emblem symbolizes the protection and increase of the gold reserves of the state. The denomination of the coin, the year of minting, the designation of the metal, its fineness and weight are also posted.

Monument

In May 2005, in Donetsk, a hryvnia monument was erected in front of the central office of Prominvestbank in the form of an image of a 1 hryvnia coin of the 1995 model. The monument is made of stainless steel, painted in gold. The coin periodically rotates around a vertical axis.

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An excerpt characterizing One hryvnia (coin)

- Vous savez, que je ne suis pas bonapartiste, mon prince. [You know, Prince, that I am not a Bonapartist.]
- “Dieu sait quand revendra” ... [God knows when he will return!] - the prince sang out of tune, laughed even more out of tune and left the table.
The little princess was silent during the whole argument and the rest of the dinner and looked in fright now at Princess Marya, then at her father-in-law. When they left the table, she took her sister-in-law by the hand and called her to another room.
- Comme c "est un homme d" esprit votre pere, she said, - c "est a cause de cela peut etre qu" il me fait peur. [What a smart person your father is. Maybe that's why I'm afraid of him.]
- Oh, he's so kind! - said the princess.

Prince Andrei left the next day in the evening. The old prince, without deviating from his order, went to his room after dinner. The little princess was with her sister-in-law. Prince Andrei, dressed in a traveling frock coat without an epaulet, was packing with his valet in the chambers allotted to him. Having inspected the carriage and the packing of the suitcases himself, he ordered to lay it down. Only those things remained in the room that Prince Andrei always took with him: a casket, a large silver cellar, two Turkish pistols and a saber, a gift from his father, brought from near Ochakov. All these travel accessories were in great order with Prince Andrei: everything was new, clean, in cloth cases, carefully tied with ribbons.
In moments of departure and a change in life, people who are able to think about their actions usually find a serious mood of thoughts. In these moments, the past is usually verified and plans for the future are made. The face of Prince Andrei was very thoughtful and tender. With his hands folded back, he paced the room quickly from corner to corner, looking ahead of him, and shaking his head thoughtfully. Was he afraid to go to war, was he sad to leave his wife—perhaps both, but, apparently not wanting to be seen in such a position, when he heard footsteps in the hallway, he hurriedly freed his hands, stopped at the table, as if he was tying the cover of the box, and assumed his usual, calm and impenetrable expression. These were the heavy steps of Princess Marya.
“They told me that you ordered the mortgage,” she said, out of breath (she must have been running), “but I so wanted to talk to you alone again. God knows how long we'll be apart again. Are you angry that I came? You have changed a lot, Andryusha, - she added, as if in explanation of such a question.
She smiled, pronouncing the word "Andryusha". Apparently, it was strange for her to think that this strict, handsome man was the same Andryusha, a thin, playful boy, a childhood friend.
- Where is Lise? he asked, only answering her question with a smile.
She was so tired that she fell asleep on the couch in my room. Ah, Andre! Que! tresor de femme vous avez,” she said, sitting down on the sofa opposite her brother. She is a perfect child, such a sweet, cheerful child. I loved her so much.
Prince Andrei was silent, but the princess noticed an ironic and contemptuous expression that appeared on his face.
– But one must be indulgent to small weaknesses; who does not have them, Andre! Don't forget that she was brought up and raised in the world. And then her situation is no longer rosy. It is necessary to enter into the position of everyone. Tout comprendre, c "est tout pardonner. [Whoever understands everything will forgive everything.] You think about it, poor thing, after the life to which she is accustomed, to part with her husband and remain alone in the village and in her position? This very hard.
Prince Andrei smiled, looking at his sister, as we smile, listening to people whom we think we can see through.
“You live in the countryside and don't find this life terrible,” he said.
- I'm different. What to say about me! I don't want another life, and I can't, because I don't know any other life. And you think, Andre, for a young and secular woman to be buried in the best years of her life in the countryside, alone, because papa is always busy, and I ... you know me ... how poor I am en ressources, [interests.] for a woman accustomed to the best society. M lle Bourienne is one…
“I don’t like her very much, your Bourienne,” said Prince Andrei.
- Oh no! She is very sweet and kind, and most importantly, a pathetic girl. She has no one, no one. To tell the truth, I not only do not need it, but it is shy. I, you know, have always been a savage, and now even more so. I love being alone… Mon pere [Father] loves her very much. She and Mikhail Ivanovich are two persons to whom he is always affectionate and kind, because they are both favored by him; as Stern says, "We love people not so much for the good they have done us as for the good we have done them." Mon pere took her as an orphan sur le pave, [on the pavement,] and she is very kind. And mon pere loves her manner of reading. She reads aloud to him in the evenings. She reads great.
“Well, to be honest, Marie, I think it’s hard for you sometimes because of your father’s character?” Prince Andrew suddenly asked.
Princess Marya was at first surprised, then frightened by this question.
- ME?... Me?!... Is it hard for me?! - she said.
“He was always cool; but now it’s getting hard, I think, ”said Prince Andrei, apparently on purpose, in order to puzzle or test his sister, speaking so lightly about his father.
“You are good to everyone, Andre, but you have some kind of pride in thought,” said the princess, following her train of thought more than the course of conversation, “and this is a great sin. Is it possible to judge the father? Yes, if it were possible, what other feeling than veneration, [deep respect,] can arouse such a person as mon pere? And I'm so satisfied and happy with it. I only wish you all were as happy as I am.
The brother shook his head in disbelief.
- One thing that is hard for me - I'll tell you the truth, Andre - is my father's way of thinking in religious terms. I do not understand how a person with such a huge mind cannot see what is clear as day, and can be so deluded? This is one of my misfortunes. But even here, lately, I see a shadow of improvement. Lately his taunts are not so caustic, and there is one monk whom he received and spoke to him for a long time.
“Well, my friend, I’m afraid that you and the monk are wasting your gunpowder,” Prince Andrei said mockingly, but affectionately.
- Ah! mon ami. [BUT! My friend.] I just pray to God and hope that He hears me. Andre,” she said timidly after a moment of silence, “I have a big request for you.
- What, my friend?
No, promise me you won't refuse. It will not cost you any work, and there will be nothing unworthy of you in it. Only you can comfort me. Promise me, Andryusha,” she said, putting her hand into her reticule and holding something in it, but not yet showing, as if what she was holding was the subject of the request, and as if before receiving the promise in fulfillment of the request, she could not take it out of the reticule. It is something.
She looked timidly, imploringly at her brother.
“If it would cost me a lot of work ...” Prince Andrei answered, as if guessing what was the matter.
- Whatever you want, think! I know you are the same as mon pere. Think whatever you want, but do it for me. Do it please! My father's father, our grandfather, wore it in all wars ... - She still did not get what she was holding from her purse. "So you promise me?"
"Of course, what's the matter?"
- Andre, I will bless you with the image, and you promise me that you will never take it off. Promise?
“If he doesn’t drag his neck down to two pounds ... To please you ...” said Prince Andrei, but at the same moment, noticing the distressed expression that his sister’s face assumed at this joke, he repented. “Very glad, really very glad, my friend,” he added.
“Against your will, He will save and have mercy on you and turn you to Himself, because in Him alone is truth and peace,” she said in a voice trembling with excitement, with a solemn gesture holding in both hands in front of her brother an oval ancient icon of the Savior with a black face in silver chasuble on a silver chain of fine workmanship.
She crossed herself, kissed the icon and handed it to Andrey.
– Please, Andre, for me…
From big eyes beams of kind and timid light shone from her. These eyes illuminated the whole sickly, thin face and made it beautiful. The brother wanted to take the scapular, but she stopped him. Andrei understood, crossed himself and kissed the icon. His face was at the same time tender (he was touched) and mocking.
- Merci, mon ami. [Thank you my friend.]
She kissed him on the forehead and sat back down on the sofa. They were silent.
- So I told you, Andre, be kind and generous, as you have always been. Don't judge Lise harshly, she began. - She is so sweet, so kind, and her position is very difficult now.
- It seems that I didn’t tell you anything, Masha, so that I reproach my wife for anything or be dissatisfied with her. Why are you telling me all this?
Princess Mary blushed in spots and became silent, as if she felt guilty.
“I didn’t say anything to you, but you were already told. And it makes me sad.
Red spots appeared even more strongly on the forehead, neck and cheeks of Princess Marya. She wanted to say something and couldn't speak. The brother guessed right: the little princess cried after dinner, said that she foresaw an unfortunate birth, was afraid of them, and complained about her fate, her father-in-law and her husband. After crying, she fell asleep. Prince Andrei felt sorry for his sister.
- Know one thing, Masha, I cannot reproach, have not reproached and will never reproach my wife, and I myself cannot reproach myself with anything in relation to her; and it will always be so, in whatever circumstances I may be. But if you want to know the truth... you want to know if I'm happy? No. Is she happy? No. Why is this? Don't know…
Saying this, he stood up, went over to his sister, and, bending down, kissed her on the forehead. His beautiful eyes shone with an intelligent and kind, unusual brilliance, but he looked not at his sister, but into the darkness of the open door, through her head.
- Let's go to her, we must say goodbye. Or go alone, wake her up, and I'll come right now. Parsley! he shouted to the valet, “come here, clean it up.” It's in the seat, it's on the right side.
Princess Marya got up and went to the door. She stopped.
Andre, si vous avez. la foi, vous vous seriez adresse a Dieu, pour qu "il vous donne l" amour, que vous ne sentez pas et votre priere aurait ete exaucee. [If you had faith, you would turn to God with a prayer, so that He would give you love that you do not feel, and your prayer would be heard.]
- Yes, is it! - said Prince Andrew. - Go, Masha, I'll come right away.
On the way to his sister's room, in the gallery that connected one house with another, Prince Andrei met a sweetly smiling m lle Bourienne, for the third time that day with an enthusiastic and naive smile he came across in secluded passages.
– Ah! je vous croyais chez vous, [Ah, I thought you were in your room,] she said, blushing for some reason and lowering her eyes.
Prince Andrei looked sternly at her. Anger suddenly appeared on the face of Prince Andrei. He said nothing to her, but looked at her forehead and hair, without looking into her eyes, so contemptuously that the Frenchwoman blushed and left without saying anything.
When he approached his sister's room, the princess was already awake, and her cheerful voice, hurrying one word after another, was heard from the open door. She spoke as if, after a long period of abstinence, she wanted to make up for lost time.
- Non, mais figurez vous, la vieille comtesse Zouboff avec de fausses boucles et la bouche pleine de fausses dents, comme si elle voulait defier les annees ... [No, imagine, old Countess Zubova, with fake curls, with fake teeth, like as if mocking the years…] Xa, xa, xa, Marieie!
Exactly the same phrase about Countess Zubova and the same laugh had already been heard five times in front of strangers by Prince Andrei from his wife.
He quietly entered the room. The princess, plump, ruddy, with work in her hands, sat on an armchair and talked incessantly, sorting through Petersburg memories and even phrases. Prince Andrei came up, stroked her head and asked if she had rested from the journey. She answered and continued the same conversation.

Hryvnia - monetary unit Ancient Russia and other Slavic countries. Already in the VIII - IX centuries, when carrying out trade operations, paying tribute, it was used as a measure of weight and account.

The name "hryvnia" comes from the name of an ornament made of gold or silver in the form of a hoop that was worn around the neck (i.e., on the "nape") and was called the hryvnia. The hryvnia was considered a luxury item, only rich people could afford it.

From the 11th century to Kievan Rus in circulation were "Kyiv" hryvnia, which were made of silver, had a hexagonal shape and weighed 150 grams. They existed before the Tatar-Mongol invasion. In the northwestern lands there were also "Novgorod hryvnias", which from the middle of the 13th century spread to the entire territory of the Old Russian state. They looked like long silver sticks, weighed 240 grams and existed until the end of the 15th century. Transitional from "Kyiv" to "Novgorod" was the "Chernigov" hryvnia, in shape very close to the "Kyiv", and in weight - to the "Novgorod".

In the 15th century, due to the increase in the scale of minting coins and their continuous deterioration, the hryvnia ingot ceased to be a monetary unit. The hryvnia continued to exist further only as a unit of weight and existed until the 18th century only as a weight coin - "hryvnia".

In the 13th century in Novgorod, half of the chopped hryvnia began to be called the "ruble". Gradually, the ruble (in Ukrainian "karbovanets") replaced the hryvnia and established itself as a monetary unit, and later became the main unit of the Russian monetary system.

The Central Rada on March 1, 1918, after the declaration of Ukraine as an independent state, adopted a law on the introduction of a new monetary unit - the hryvnia, which was divided into 100 steps and was equal to 1/2 karbovanets. During 1918, banknotes were printed in Berlin in denominations of 2, 10, 100, 500, 1000 and 2000 hryvnias. The hryvnia was put into circulation on October 17, 1918 and withdrawn from circulation during the monetary reform of 1922-1924.

The Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian SSR decided to print its own currency back in the days of the Soviet Union - in May 1991. Initially, following the Soviet model, it was planned to issue banknotes in denominations of 1, 3, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 hryvnias, but in the end the American model was adopted by replacing banknotes 3 and 25 with 2 and 20, respectively. The design of banknotes was approved in 1992, and the Ukrainian hryvnia entered circulation in 1996 - after the decree of President Leonid Kuchma of August 25 "On monetary reform in Ukraine."

On March 2, 1992, the coin denominations were approved: 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50 kopecks and 1 hryvnia. Coins in denominations of 3, 15 and 20 kopecks were not put into circulation.

On January 10, 1992, temporary Ukrainian banknotes were put into circulation, which had the name coupon and were denominated in rubles. Officially, they were called karbovans and existed until 1996, taking on the entire inflationary blow. On September 2, 1996, the exchange of karbovanets for hryvnia began in the ratio of 100,000 krb = 1 hryvnia. From that day on, only hryvnias were issued in banks. The exchange procedure continued until 1998.

In 1996 - 2007, the National Bank of Ukraine carried out about 18 issues - putting into circulation the main denominations of the hryvnia ("old" samples: 1992, 1994, 1995, 1997, and "new": 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007). Today there are nine denominations of the Ukrainian hryvnia in circulation: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 UAH.

In March 2004, the National Bank of Ukraine approved the graphic symbol of the national currency - the hryvnia. It is a lowercase handwritten letter "r", crossed out in the middle by two horizontal lines. 1 hryvnia = 100 kopecks. The letter code of the currency in the ISO 4217 standard is UAH, the digital one is 980.

The money of Ukraine is the equivalent of the cost of goods and services, and also perform many other functions.

CHRONOLOGY OF THE INTRODUCTION OF BANKNOTES OF THE UKRAINIAN HRYVNA

On September 2, 1996, the National Bank put into circulation banknotes with a denomination of:
- 1 hryvnia (sample 1992 and sample 1994),
- 2 hryvnia (sample 1992),
- 5 hryvnia (sample 1992),
- 10 hryvnia (sample 1992),
- 20 hryvnia (sample 1992),
- 50 hryvnia,
- 100 hryvnia.

On September 1, 1997, banknotes were put into circulation in denominations:
- 1 hryvnia (sample 1995),
- 2 hryvnia (sample 1995),
- 5 hryvnia (sample 1994),
- 10 hryvnia (sample 1994),
- 20 hryvnia (sample 1995).

On September 1, 1998, a 5 hryvnia banknote (1997 model) was put into circulation.
On November 8, 2000, a 10 hryvnia banknote (2000 model) was put into circulation.
On November 20, 2000, a 20-hryvnia banknote (2000 model) was put into circulation.
On March 5, 2001, a 5 hryvnia banknote (2001 sample) was put into circulation.
On July 6, 2001, a 2 hryvnia banknote (2001 model) was put into circulation.
On August 22, 2001, a 200 hryvnia banknote was put into circulation.
On December 1, 2003, a 20-hryvnia banknote (2003 model) was put into circulation.
On March 29, 2004, a 50 hryvnia banknote (2004 sample) was put into circulation.
On June 14, 2004, a 5 hryvnia banknote (2004 model) was put into circulation.
On September 28, 2004, a 2 hryvnia banknote (2004 model) was put into circulation.
On November 1, 2004, a 10 hryvnia banknote (2004 model) was put into circulation.
On December 1, 2004, a 1 hryvnia banknote (2004 sample) was put into circulation.
On February 20, 2006, a 100 hryvnia banknote (2005 model) was put into circulation.
On May 22, 2006, a 1 hryvnia banknote (2006 model) was put into circulation.
In August 2006, a 10 hryvnia banknote of 2004 (2006 issue) was put into circulation.
On September 15, 2006, a 500 hryvnia banknote was put into circulation.
On May 28, 2007, a 200 hryvnia banknote was put into circulation.

MODERN BANKNOTES OF THE UKRAINIAN HRYVNA

Over the 17 years of its existence, the hryvnia has changed its design three times, but its main features have been preserved. In 1994-95, the appearance of the hryvnia changed due to the poor protection of the old banknotes from counterfeiting. Basically, this concerned only small denominations of 1, 2, 5.10 and 20 hryvnia. In 2004 - 2006, the design was changed due to the inexpressiveness of the color - older people confused bills of 2, 10 and 20 hryvnias. The colors became brighter, and the sizes of banknotes were made different: small denominations are smaller, large ones are larger.

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 1 UAH obverse.

On the front side there is a Portrait of Prince Vladimir the Great, Prince of Kyiv, under whom the baptism of Russia took place. Also known as Saint Vladimir, Vladimir the Baptist and Vladimir the Red Sun. Under the portrait, on the right, the inscription "VLADIMIR THE GREAT".

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 1 UAH reverse.

The central design element of the reverse side of the banknote is the image of the City of Volodymyr in Kyiv, to the right of which there is an artistic composition that includes a military cannon, a cross and a decorative element from the time of Volodymyr the Great. The banknote of 2011 in 1 UAH has dimensions of 118 x 63 mm.

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 2 UAH obverse.

On the front side there is a portrait of Yaroslav the Wise, Grand Duke of Kyiv (1016-1018, 1019-1054), son of the baptist Prince Vladimir the Great. Under the portrait, on the right, the inscription "Yaroslav the Wise".

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 2 UAH reverse.

The central element of the design of the reverse side of the banknote is the image of the Hagia Sophia in dark Brown color. To the right of the cathedral is an artistic composition, including a military weapon, household items and decor elements from the time of Yaroslav the Wise, as well as a collection of laws "Pravda Russkaya". The color of the composition changes from dark brown to cherry. The banknote of 2011 in 2 UAH has dimensions of 118 x 63 mm.

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 5 UAH obverse.

To the right of the center of the front side of the banknote there is a portrait of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, hetman of the Zaporizhia Army, commander and statesman. Under the portrait, on the right, the inscription "Bogdan Khmelnitsky". These design elements are painted in dark blue.

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 5 UAH reverse.

The central element of the design of the reverse side of the banknote is the image of the Elias Church in the village of Subotov. The color of the image changes from dark blue to dark brown. To the right of the church are depicted Cossack weapons and hetman's kleynods in dark blue. The banknote of 2011 in 5 UAH has dimensions of 118 x 63 mm.

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 10 UAH obverse.

On the front side there is a portrait of Ivan Mazepa, statesman and political figure, hetman of the Zaporizhian Army. Under the portrait, on the right, the inscription "IVAN MAZEPA".

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 10 UAH reverse.

The central element of the design of the reverse side of the banknote is the image of the Assumption Cathedral Kiev Pechersk Lavra Brown color. To the right of the cathedral is an artistic composition, including the attributes of life and creativity of Ivan Mazepa. The color of the composition changes from brown to burgundy. The banknote of 2011 in 10 UAH has dimensions of 124 x 66 mm.

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 20 UAH obverse.

To the right of the center of the front side of the banknote is a portrait of Ivan Franko - a writer, poet, scientist and publicist. Under the portrait, on the right, the inscription "IVAN FRANKO". In the central part of the banknote there is a text - a facsimile excerpt from the work of Ivan Franko.

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 20 UAH reverse.

The central design element of the reverse side of the banknote is a graphic image of an architectural structure with the inscription "LVIV OPERA THEATER" in the lower left corner. The color of the image from the middle to the edges changes from brown to blue. To the right of the central element is an image of a sculpture symbolizing "Glory", made in dark green. The banknote of 2011 in 20 UAH has dimensions of 130 x 69 mm.

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 50 UAH obverse.

To the right of the center of the front side of the banknote is a portrait of Mykhailo Hrushevsky, a famous Ukrainian historian, public and political figure. Under the portrait, on the right, the inscription "Mikhail Grushevsky". These design elements are painted in brown.

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 50 UAH reverse.

The central design element of the reverse side of the banknote is the image of the building of the Ukrainian Central Council. On both sides of the house there are figures of a worker and a peasant woman. The color of these images changes from dark blue to dark brown. The banknote of 2011 in 50 UAH has dimensions of 136 x 72 mm.

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 100 UAH obverse.

To the right of the center of the front side of the banknote there is a portrait of Taras Shevchenko - a poet, prose writer, artist and ethnographer. Under the portrait, on the right, the inscription "TARAS SHEVCHENKO". These design elements are painted in dark olive color.

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 100 UAH reverse.

The background of the central part of the reverse side of the banknote forms the Dnieper near Cherkasy and Chernechya Gora. To the right of the center there are figures: a blind bandura player with a guide boy, a fragment of a painting by Shevchenko. The color of these images changes from cherry to purple-black. The banknote of 2011 in 100 UAH has dimensions of 142 x 75 mm.

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 200 UAH obverse.

To the left of the center of the front side of the banknote is a portrait of Lesya Ukrainka, Ukrainian poetess and writer. Near the portrait, below, on the right, the inscription "Lesya Ukrainka" and the years of life in purple.

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 200 UAH reverse.

The central design element of the reverse side of the banknote is an artistic composition containing an image of an architectural structure - a tower (on the right) and a stork in flight - in the middle of the banknote. The composition is printed with a color transition (from left to right) from burgundy to dark blue. The inscription "entrance tower of the Lutsk castle" is dark blue, made in calligraphic font and forms an arc to the right of the building. Under the image of a stork there is an inscription "Kyiv 2007" in burgundy color. The banknote of 2011 in 200 UAH has dimensions of 148 x 75 mm.

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 500 UAH obverse.

To the left of the center of the front side of the banknote is a portrait of Hryhoriy Skovoroda, a Ukrainian philosopher, poet and teacher, painted in dark brown. Near the portrait, below, on the right, the inscription "Grigory SKOVORODA" and the years of the artist's life in green.

Ukrainian hryvnia photo. Banknote 500 UAH reverse.

The background of the central part of the reverse side of the banknote forms the image of the building of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, the color of which changes from green to blue. Under the image, on the left, is the inscription "Kyiv 2006" in green. Above the image of the building, to the right from the middle, there is a decorative element in the form of a negative image of the seal of the Kiev-Mohyla Academy, which was used in the 18th century. The banknote of 2006 in 500 UAH has dimensions of 154 x 75 mm.

In 2008, the Commission on Aesthetics of the International Financial Bank recognized the Ukrainian hryvnia, the Australian and American dollars, the euro and the Bulgarian lion as the most beautiful currencies in the world.

MODERN UKRAINIAN COINS

The first coins were minted in 1992, but only entered circulation on September 2, 1996. Currently in circulation are change coins with a face value of 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 kopecks and negotiable coins - 1 hryvnia.

On the reverse of the Ukrainian 1 hryvnia 2002, the denomination is indicated in the center with a large number "1", below the text designation "HRYVNYA". To the right and left is a floral ornament of a vine with four bunches of grapes (two on each side).
On the obverse of 1 hryvnia 2002 in the center of the coin is an image of a trident - the small State Emblem of Ukraine, oak leaves with two spikelets are displayed on the sides of it. Three awns come out of each spike vertically upwards. Under the right ornament of oak leaves and ears of corn there is a mint mark (logo of the NBU Banknote and Mint). At the top of the coin is the inscription "UKRAINE" (UKRAINE), under the coat of arms is the year of issue of the coin - "2002".

For collection purposes, commemorative and commemorative coins are issued in denominations of 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 125, 200, 250, 500 hryvnias. Gold and silver are widely used in the manufacture of investment coins, for example, investment coins are issued - silver (sample - 999.9) with a face value of 1 hryvnia and gold (sample - 999.9) with a face value of 2, 5, 10, 20 hryvnia.

Since 2004, instead of a 1 hryvnia coin of 1995, a circulating coin of the same denomination has been issued with the image of Volodymyr the Great on the reverse (his image is also placed on banknotes with a face value of 1 hryvnia). Also put into circulation are circulation coins of 1 hryvnia with an obverse similar to the obverse of a circulation coin of 1 hryvnia "Vladimir the Great":
- October 25, 2004 - coin "60 years of liberation of Ukraine from fascist invaders",
- April 28, 2005 - coin "60 years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945",
- April 28, 2010 - commemorative coin "65 years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945",
- March 1, 2012 - commemorative coin "Final Tournament of the European Football Championship 2012".

The coins of Ukraine are quite monotonous and almost identical in terms of the pattern that is minted on them. All coins of Ukraine have a regular round radial shape. Coins in denominations of 1, 2 and 5 kopecks are made of stainless steel, and coins of other denominations are made of brass.

June 9th, 2014

When we make money, we rarely pay attention to it. A paradox: being in contact with them all the time, working for them, we simply have no time to consider them. And right under our noses - there are limiters on the bills that do not allow us to have more. These are small signs, microscopic inscriptions, images of buildings and portraits of historical figures in combination with their biographies.
I confess, I also did not pay close attention to the multi-colored Ukrainian papers. And only after the mass Maidan psychosis, unexpected for common sense, the announcement of the bloody oligarch Beni as a patriot of Ukraine and the election of another oligarch, Valtsman, as president, I finally came across a piece of paper in 500 hryvnias.

Everyone noticed on its reverse a pyramid with an all-seeing eye - one of the most popular Masonic symbols, also depicted on the American dollar. This sign made a lot of noise in the press, but this noise had no effect on most of the inhabitants. I remember, and I was relieved by the explanation of the officials of the National Bank, that this is just an ancient Christian sign inherent in many cultures - an element of protecting the stability of the currency, and there is no mysticism in it. It is strange how an elementary discrepancy did not alert me: if there is no power in the signs, then why are they placed on banknotes for amplification stability? Always remember: there is nothing accidental on banknotes, as well as in national symbols, and cannot be. But in the bustle of chasing money, we do not have time to search for answers to such questions.

At the same time, the obverse of the banknote, on which Grigory Skovoroda's drawing is placed, turned out to be much more interesting. The fountain fills vessels with different volume streams with different neck thicknesses. This image is crowned with an extremely unambiguous phrase of the same Skovoroda: “ Not equal equality for all. They pour from different tubes, different currents, into different».
On the banknote of the largest denomination, the principle of distribution of financial resources of the state of Ukraine is extremely frankly revealed: unequal equality for all . That is, some get large streams, while others get small streams, handouts, creating the appearance of equality. In fact, this banknote is a crown crowning the oligarchic, Masonic essence of Ukrainian statehood. And no matter how Ukrainian citizens moan, demanding justice, no matter how heroically they fight against corruption and the rich, they will always receive only a small stream and faith in the illusion of involvement in the redistribution of economic benefits. Therefore, any attempts by Ukrainians to throw off the oligarchic yoke are doomed from the very beginning.
The people only perform the tasks prescribed for them, including on banknotes. Almost all hryvnia banknotes contain certain messages that together determine the program of action for both the people and their elite.
All hryvnia banknotes differ in size - they are a hierarchical ladder for establishing economic slavery. From the smallest one-hryvnia banknote in size and denomination, on which there are few signs and no small inscriptions - to the largest in size and denomination five hundred with an unambiguous motto and an all-seeing eye that watches over the execution of all prescriptions.
The obverses of Ukrainian banknotes depict historical figures. The more positive contribution to the history of the Slavs who inhabited the lands of modern Ukraine was made by the figure, the smaller the denomination of the banknote he represents. Judge for yourself:
Saint Vladimir - the baptizer of Russia, the man who determined our path for centuries is depicted on a one-hryvnia banknote.

Yaroslav the Wise - on two hryvnias. Testament of Yaroslav the Wise: " How will you live in love with yourself, and God will be with you” is the only absolutely positive attitude, devoid of double meanings among all sayings in Ukrainian hryvnia.

But the higher the denomination of banknotes, the more controversial historical figure is depicted on it. And now we see Bohdan Khmelnytsky on five hryvnias. The leader of the War of Liberation, famous for centuries, is perceived in a completely different way in modern Ukrainian society: he really liberated the lands of the Cossack army from the Catholic gentry of the Commonwealth, but the price of this was rivers of blood and an alliance with the Moscow tsars, which the most radical Ukrainian nationalists cannot forgive him. Be that as it may, this is the last leader-unifier of the Slavs on Ukrainian banknotes, who left a huge contribution to history.

Ivan Mazepa is depicted on ten hryvnias. With regard to this historical personality, discussions will not subside soon - some call him a fighter for independence, others (and purely humanly - quite deservedly) - a traitor. The first president of Ukraine, Kravchuk, by the way, was categorically against placing a portrait of Mazepa on banknotes of the Ukrainian currency. The hetman's saying opens the collection of calls to death: " ... and for the faith you want to die and harrow your freedom…» The denomination of a banknote grows - rates grow. On two hryvnias - one of the smallest denominations, we are called to peace and love, and then God will be with us, but already from ten hryvnias - you have to die for faith. And this is a clear sign of a sect and a direct indication of the construction of a totalitarian society.

Twenty hryvnias depict Ivan Franko, a famous Western Ukrainian poet, a fighter against the oppression of his region by Austria-Hungary. We will not dwell on the significance of this figure for the whole country - it is obvious that Ivan Franko is not a figure uniting Ukrainians. The choice of a poem for the banknote is noteworthy, in which the idea of ​​the need for struggle and war is clearly imposed:
Earth, my all-bearing mother,
Strength, what is in your living depths,
I’m dripping, so that I can stand stronger in battle,
Give me!
Ivan Franko has many poems about his native land, about oppressed workers, about social injustice, but for the Ukrainian society, war and eternal struggle. Because exactly how in these states people easier to forget about personal well-being, and the ruling elites to profit.

Fifty hryvnias were given to an extremely controversial character in Ukrainian history - Mikhail Grushevsky. He was also the founder of the very history of Ukraine - no less controversial than himself. Chairman of the Central Rada Grushevsky proclaims the Ukrainian People's Republic, and three weeks later he signs a peace treaty allowing the occupation of the territory of the "independent" republic by Austro-German troops. The board of the Central Rada Hrushevsky lasted several months, and the independence of the UNR did not actually exist for a single day. Nevertheless, the myth of Hrushevsky's presidency, of the first independent Ukrainian republic, as well as a host of other myths, became the basis for the history of Ukraine. In the 1920s, Grushevsky returned to Ukraine at the invitation of the Bolsheviks to carry out Ukrainization. The history of Ukraine was written in the version closest to today's, just then - under the leadership of the Bolsheviks. In order to consolidate in the mass consciousness the success of the mythical tale of a long-standing independent state, which actually exists solely to support local elites, the following words were minted on fifty hryvnias: « History of Ukraine ».

The most famous Ukrainian writer and artist - Taras Shevchenko is depicted on a banknote with a face value of 100 hryvnias. The significance of this personality in the cultural sphere of Ukraine is enormous. Without it, Ukraine is simply impossible. And again, his figure is highly controversial. Few people will tell the Ukrainian youth that Shevchenko wanted to see the Little Russians as part of a single Slavic federal family. (This was precisely the main idea of ​​the program of the Cyril-Methodius Brotherhood, for membership in which the poet was serving a sentence). The banknote contains an excerpt from a poem. This is another call to death with the name of Ukraine on the lips, already the third in a row on banknotes:
« Love your Ukraine
To love її ... During the worst,
In the last difficult moment,
Pray the Lord for her.»
In mass culture, in the educational sphere, the idea is being introduced to us that Ukraine as a state is doomed to eternal suffering. And only the torment of each of the citizens can save her. Therefore, now we should not be surprised by the volunteers in numerous nationalist battalions, ready to kill and die in the name of the very concept of the state, in the name, symbol, coat of arms and anthem. Through the same banknotes, the idea was introduced into the mass consciousness of Ukrainians not about the primacy of the needs of the rights and freedoms of every person - a citizen of Ukraine, but about the primacy of the state - in fact, the elite over the person. This is the notorious "Ukraine over the mustache" after many years of zombification, resulting in genocide and the construction of a Nazi state.

Lesya Ukrainka, a poetess and writer, appears before us in all her glory on a 200-hryvnia banknote. Many confuse her with a man, but she is the only woman on the Ukrainian currency. Her literary heritage is relatively small - since she lived a short life. Remarkable and, of course, not accidental in the light of recent events was the choice of a phrase from the work of Lesya Ukrainka for the penultimate banknote:
« For the truth, brother, unite broadly,
The only way is the right way…»

Of course, Lesya Ukrainka was unaware of the concept of "right" and "left" in its modern sense. But it was well known to the creators of our banknotes. After all, you can write one line. And the words "unite for the truth" would look harmless and positive. But there are two lines. And on the second we see the right path. Moreover, he is the only one, alternatives no. And this is the final call to build a totalitarian structure of society. We must unite and follow the ONE RIGHT path. In general, whoever is not with us is against us.

The stork flying from the Lutsk castle looks very strange on the 200-hryvnia banknote. Storks living next to people have always been considered a good omen for well-being, fertility, and family. Here, for some reason, artists draw a stork leaving the city, which once again testifies to the unwillingness of the developers of the hryvnia symbolism to make their people rich and happy.

This is how the attitudes of Ukrainian society lined up on Ukrainian hryvnias in a historical perspective: we started with the baptism of Volodymyr, with good intentions, brotherhood, with love and peace according to the precepts of Yaroslav the Wise. Then we smoothly moved on to establishing the idea that it is necessary to die for beliefs, for faith, land and Ukraine. Not to live, not to work, but to die. Similar messages are repeated three times on rather high denomination banknotes. It is this idea that is constantly carried out as a red thread in all educational programs of humanitarian Ukrainian subjects. The history of Ukraine, also stuck on one of the banknotes, serves this idea. And the suicidal program of the Ukrainian society can be crowned only by building a totalitarian sect with the only true right path. Thoughts and aspirations should be the same for everyone, and even the right to manage one's own life will belong to the state and its elite, and not to each person personally.
But wealth will be distributed in society not according to the principles of equality and total unity. Equality, as the inscription on five hundred hryvnias says, will be unequal: some will get real fruits, while others will have the appearance that they live and die for Ukraine. And this is still the main idea of ​​the Ukrainian state. So that it does not fail, the all-seeing eye will look after the fulfillment of hierarchical prescriptions. On five hundred hryvnias, Grigory Skovoroda, a philosopher, whose teaching was very close to the Rosicrucians, is placed.
Separately, one should also touch on the reverses of banknotes, which depict architectural monuments of Ukrainian cities. In order to once again dispel the myth of the unity of Ukraine, find at least one city of the South-East on the banknotes. There is no such. The banknotes depict mainly the monuments of Kyiv, as well as Lviv, Lutsk, the Dnieper from the height of the Kanev steep, the church in Subbotov. It is noteworthy that the old version of the one-hryvnia banknote depicted Chersonese, where St. Vladimir received ambassadors for the Baptism of Russia. But in the new version of the banknote from 2004, Chersonese was replaced by a historical reconstruction of ancient Kyiv. Which at the moment also looks very symbolic.
Hryvnia abound in small signs, ornaments, geometric shapes. Many of which are Masonic signs stylized as Ukrainian symbols. So, on two hundred hryvnias next to the head of Lesya Ukrainka - a peacock feather or a branch similar to a menorah. There are also stars of David on the hryvnia, and Masonic lilies, and the radiant delta is also found more than once.

War, eternal struggle as a national idea and the construction of a totalitarian society on their basis were inscribed in the scenario of the Ukrainian modern history from the very beginning. But only passing through the stages of the path laid down for us a long time ago - we begin to realize the obvious. Ukraine was built on flawed psychological grounds, it was preparing for a war to the slaughter from the very beginning. The purpose of the war, maintaining the nationalist doctrine and building a Nazi state on its basis, is painfully banal. It consists in enriching the ruling circles and elites of Ukraine.
It's funny, but the script was under our noses - on our own banknotes. And only a collision with his incarnation made it possible to see these obvious messages.
Not everyone has an understanding of the real state of affairs. Most of society - in view of the gaps in education and psychological characteristics exposed to symbols and ideological attitudes. That is why we observe seemingly fantastic inconsistencies in the thinking of Ukrainians and the real situation. They fight on the battlefield with their brothers in Jewish-owned battalions. Ukrainians prefer their own personal and financial interests, the interests of the same Jewish oligarchs. But everything is explained simply: it is enough just to replace concepts with symbols and ideological attitudes. Young Nazis believe that they are fighting for Ukraine, although in reality they are only guarding its dead symbols and winning back the financial flows of the oligarchy. Some people naively believe that they will be paid. But the system of slavery has already been built, and therefore henceforth even small streams will dry up. Slaves don't have to pay.
The construction of a totalitarian society with Zionist-Masonic dictatorship under the sauce of quasi-Ukrainian nationalism, designed to enrich the ruling elites, who are members of secret organizations, has already been completed. There are only two hopes left: the late enlightenment of the people and the competitive war between the oligarchic elites.