Hood for gas stove umbrella. The legality of connecting the hood to the general house ventilation. Flat hood

It should be noted that the umbrellas of ventilation systems have a completely uncomplicated design. A rectangular chimney umbrella consists of a main body, a grease collection tray and filters that perform. Filters are always installed at an angle of exactly 45 degrees Celsius.

If we are talking about supply and exhaust hoods, then in this case it is imperative to use a grill or a device such as a diffuser.

In some cases, air duct umbrellas are also equipped with additional elements, such as connection ears, fans, lamps and many others.

1 The principle of operation of the ventilation hood

This device works as follows. The air that is processed to become hot has a much lower density, and therefore rises to the top, and it is replaced by cold air currents.

Then the air enters the pipe and passes through special grease filters, where it is saturated with a large amount of oil vapor, due to which it begins to cool over time.

In the end, passing through such a pipe due to strong temperature changes, the oil condenses, air flows begin to separate from it and allow the fat to drain into the bath through special channels.

In turn, the air, which after such a process is purified, enters the round or.

2 Device classification

Today, two types of rectangular umbrellas are used for the chimney:

1. Hoods . Their main purpose is the complete elimination of unnecessary gases, substances, combustion products from the chimney. Heavily heated air streams are drawn in by an umbrella, after which they are transported through a pipe, where grease filters are located, and are eventually transported back to the air duct, with the help of which they are removed from the building. All this can be easily done by hand.
2. Supply and exhaust umbrellas . Thanks to them, both the exhaust of polluted air and the supply of new, clean air into the room are ensured. These umbrellas are best used in those rooms where, due to certain circumstances, the flow of clean air is limited. It is always necessary to carry out the calculation, taking into account the fact that the volumes of supplied and exhausted air flows will always differ from each other. Therefore, in no case should you rely on the fact that exhaust hoods will contribute to the complete destruction of odors, gases and other substances. Although the chimney, of course, will work much more efficiently.

There is also a classification according to the type of construction. So, exhaust and supply-exhaust rectangular and round umbrellas are divided into island and wall.

2.1 Do-it-yourself installation and calculation features

I would like to note that installing such umbrellas with your own hands is quite real, since in fact there is nothing complicated in such work. Below are some of the most popular ways to install a chimney umbrella.

• Method number 1. Installation of wall exhaust hoods using anchors. After a certain calculation, the length of the umbrella is selected and 2 or 3 equal holes are drilled in the back of the wall. Using enlarged models of washers, the exhaust hood is first attracted, and then installed on the wall. It is very important that the wall is perfectly flat.
• Do-it-yourself installation of rectangular umbrellas through collets and studs to the ceiling. At the very beginning, it is necessary to drill 4 identical holes for the studs. All these holes are drilled strictly along the edges of the umbrella, after which the device is attached directly to the ceiling. A modern chimney works perfectly if applied this option. The only negative, the calculation of the ceiling height to the standard length of the stud, does not allow the use of this technology if the height of the room is more than 4 meters.
• Installation of exhaust hoods for the chimney using various cables and chains through anchors and brackets to the ceiling. In order to do everything with your own hands, you need to weld 4 brackets required parameters to the upper horizontal part of the umbrella, after which, using a carabiner, securely fix the chain or cable. The second end of such a chain or cable must also be securely connected to the ceiling. Among the disadvantages of this method, one can note the precariousness of the structure, so it is not at all easy to tie it with air ducts, but such a scheme is perfect for a chimney.

As you can see, it is not at all difficult to do the installation yourself. The main thing is to adjust the umbrella as close as possible to the chimney pipe and take into account some of the nuances.

Application area

Supply and exhaust and exhaust hoods of ventilation systems are widely used today by industrial enterprises and not only. Such systems are widely used in public catering establishments, such as restaurants, canteens, bars, food processing plants, cafes and so on.

Also, the installation of umbrellas is carried out over all kinds of devices. thermal equipment, in particular this applies to deep fryers, gas stoves, ovens. If the calculation allows you to install such umbrellas, then they are also used in various industrial premises - food, pharmacological, physical, chemical.

2.2 It looks like a ventilation rectangular umbrella - video

Steam and fumes fill your kitchen while cooking, and the ceiling above the gas stove is covered with layers of grease. The reason is either the ventilation umbrella is incorrectly selected according to the parameters. For a successful solution to the problem, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the varieties engineering structure, installation rules, as well as a feature of choosing a model according to parameters.

Any cleaners and humidifiers will not cope with the soot formed during cooking. Above a gas or electric stove, you need a powerful hood with a dome, the dimensions of which exceed the area hob. This role is played by an umbrella. The device does not occupy a useful kitchen space while in limbo.

Exhaust domes are installed above household stoves, in food industry shops, and chemical laboratories. Umbrellas are used wherever there is a risk of air pollution with harmful impurities. Install hoods over a source of high humidity and temperature.

Depending on the model, the exhaust device is equipped with the following elements:

• An electric fan is installed in the ventilation hole of the dome to force the exhaust of contaminated vapors. The presence of turbines is typical for all modern hoods.
• Filter for trapping fat impurities.
• Spark arrestor. The mesh is completed with exhaust products installed above an open source of fire.
• Backlight. For convenience of work under a dome lamps are built in in the case.
• Mounting fasteners.

The umbrella works according to the principle forced ventilation. Dirty air collects under the dome. A rotating turbine sucks it in and discharges it through an air duct to the street. The filter system traps grease and soot impurities, preventing them from accumulating on the fan blades.

Types of umbrellas

According to the principle of operation, the devices are divided into two groups:

1. Exhaust models have only one function aimed at removing dirty air from the room.
2. Supply and exhaust models perform two functions: they remove dirty vaporous masses, and also provide an influx of clean air from the street.

Air-conditioning hoods are placed indoors, where the flow of oxygen is limited. Quantity supplied fresh air one third less than the sucked in dirty air masses.

Exhaust devices are divided into three groups according to the type of design:

• A feature of wall-mounted exhaust hoods is the presence of one row of filters that trap fat. The dome is attached to the wall above the hob or other equipment.
• Island models are equipped with two rows of filters. High-performance hoods are suspended with cables or chains from the ceiling. They have domes over free-standing devices of large dimensions in any part of the room. Rectangular models can be hung against the wall.
• Umbrellas-transitions are installed over an open source of fire. In everyday life they are hung over barbecues. The dome is necessarily completed with a spark-extinguishing grid.

All models of umbrellas in cross section have the shape of a trapezoid, rectangle or triangle. According to the purpose of the hood, there are household and industrial ones.

Industrial

Umbrellas for industrial ventilation systems are characterized by large dimensions, as well as the presence of a powerful fan. The set of filters is equipped with special traps. The settled impurities of fat from them flow into the glass.

Periodically, the container requires cleaning, followed by washing with detergent.

household

Household hoods are equipped with disposable paper or fiber filters. Umbrellas are usually produced wall-mounted, since in the kitchen the stove is most often located against the wall.

Devices are equipped with less powerful fan, and the dimensions are calculated on the area of ​​the cooking surface of the household stove.

What is the difference

The main difference between domestic and industrial hoods is in performance, dimensions, as well as the filters used. The principle of operation is the same.

For spacious kitchens, household island appliances are produced that do not visually differ from industrial models.

Types

According to the type of installation, ventilation elements are divided into built-in, flat, and domed structures.

Embedded

Built-in devices are distinguished by quiet operation. Install the hood directly above hob. Work is carried out in the mode of circulation and air removal.

Flat

Exhaust appliances flat type they are economical and lack an outlet pipe for connecting to an air duct.

Air purification occurs due to circulation through the filter. The disadvantage of the model is noisy operation, as well as the need for frequent replacement of filters.

dome

Dome-type models are available wall and island. Work is carried out in the mode of removal and air circulation. Hoods have high performance, are attached to the wall or suspended from the ceiling.

What are umbrellas made of?

On the inner surfaces of the dome, not only fats settle, but also steam, chemicals, and other aggressive components that cause corrosion. In addition, there is a destructive effect of high temperatures. Only metal can withstand such conditions.

Industrial, as well as expensive household models are made of stainless steel.

The metal is considered heat-resistant, resistant to corrosion and acids. Cheap household appliances are made of galvanized or ordinary tin, followed by painting. There are aluminum products.

How to choose an umbrella

To choose the right umbrella, three important factors are taken into account:

1. The shape of the ventilation product is selected taking into account the parameters of the room, the dimensions of the plate, as well as its location. think over best way fixings, which is affected by the height of the ceilings.
2. Size is one of the important parameters that affect the degree of indoor air purification. The dimensions of the hood must be at least 10 cm larger than the dimensions of the hob. If the stove is not located near the wall, the umbrella overhang is increased to 20 cm.
3. The main parameter responsible for the efficiency of work is performance. To select a product with optimal air flow, take into account the height and length of the umbrella, as well as the cross section of the filters. When comparing hoods of the same size, the performance will be higher for a product with a higher dome height.

When choosing an umbrella, pay attention to the diameter and number of connected air ducts. For household models, one output is enough. Four air ducts are connected to hoods with a length of 160 cm or more: two for the exhaust and two for the inflow.

How to calculate power

The hoods must carry out ten air changes. In production, complex formulas are used to calculate power. Household models in the kitchen are not able to change the air ten times. The calculation of the umbrella power is carried out according to the parameters of the plate.

For example, there is a gas stove with four burners. Data is taken from the data sheet of the device. You need to find out the power of each burner, and add all the values. Let's say we get an example: 1.9+1.9+1.0+3.5=8.3 kW. The result points to thermal power gas stove. It can be assumed that a maximum of three burners will always work, but it is undesirable to make a margin down. The power of the thermal parameters of the stove and the hood are the same, which means that an umbrella rated for 8.3 kW is required.

What filters are needed

A reusable and disposable filter is installed on the exhaust hood. By design, it is multi-layer and single-layer. In household models, a disposable filter is used to trap fat from paper, synthetic winterizer or acrylic. An aluminum mesh spark arrester serves as protection against an open source of fire.

Industrial products are equipped with a reusable filter, which is washed in water with detergent.

Do-it-yourself installation

Do-it-yourself installation of an umbrella is carried out in four ways, which depends on the design of the product:

• wall models are fixed with anchors to the wall, through technological holes on the umbrella body;
• wall and island models can be fixed to the ceiling with a stud and collet;
• island and rectangular wall models are fixed to the ceiling with chains or cables, having previously installed the anchor;
• installation on a support frame provides for the manufacture of a metal structure securely fixed above the hob.

The fourth installation method is considered the most difficult. The frame is welded in the shape of an umbrella. The structure is mounted on support legs with mounting plates welded from below and fixed with anchors to the floor.

At what height to mount

The quality of air exchange depends on the height of the umbrella above the hob. The parameters are displayed in the umbrella manual. Typically, household models are removed from a gas stove to a height of 80 cm, and from an electric stove - at least 60 cm.

There are several traditional ways installation of wall and island ventilation hoods, which are designed to remove heat, smoke, moisture, odors from technological equipment installed in catering establishments, cafes, bars and restaurants.

The first way to install the exhaust hood

The first way (the easiest one) is installation of exhaust hoods to the wall with anchors. Depending on the length of the hood, two or three holes are drilled symmetrically in the rear vertical wall of the exhaust hood. Through the enlarged washers with anchors, the exhaust hood is attracted and fixed to the wall. The wall in this case should be capital and even, at least brickwork. If the umbrella has a long reach (more than 1000 mm), it is recommended to additionally fix the umbrella to the ceiling.

Second mounting method

The second way is mounting wall or island exhaust hoods through studs and collets to the ceiling. In the upper horizontal plane, along the edges of the exhaust hood, four holes are drilled or special ears are welded for the studs, which include four studs Ф8 - Ф10 mm, previously fixed in the ceiling. The method is quite simple and effective. The only inconvenience this method due to the fact that the height of the ceilings should not exceed 4350 mm, since the increased height will not allow the use of standard studs up to 2 meters long.

Installation of exhaust hoods on cables or chains

The third way is installation of exhaust hoods on cables or chains, through brackets and anchors to the ceiling. In the upper horizontal plane of the umbrella, four special mounting brackets are welded into which a cable or chain is fixed through a carabiner, the other end of the chain is fixed to the ceiling. In this case, the height of the ceilings is not very important. Main possible problem when installing exhaust hoods in this way, it is associated with the unsteadiness of the structure. It is quite difficult to tie a rigidly unfixed structure with air ducts.

Mounting the hood with special support frames

The fourth way is installation of exhaust hoods using special support frames. Depending on the overall dimensions of the lower section of the exhaust hood, a support frame is made, on which the exhaust hood is installed from above. It can be rectangular or square on four legs, the height of which is selected individually for each object. Legs through special support plates are rigidly attached to the floor. Support frames are made of stainless steel profile 30x30 or 20x40 mm. Thanks to proven technology, the use of modern metalworking and metal cutting tool, the specialists of EuroVentGroup achieve the ideal geometry and a very presentable appearance of the exhaust hoods produced by the company and the supporting structures necessary for the installation of these exhaust hoods. In such cases where technological equipment located far from the walls, the ceiling height is quite high, and the customer makes high aesthetic demands on the arrangement of the local exhaust ventilation the use of exhaust hoods complete with support frames from EuroVentGroup remains the only right decision.

The root of construction troubles is hidden in the details. Neglecting small details, the owner of private housing inflates the family budget inefficiently with repair costs. But if the owner treats the house as a whole organism in which everything is interconnected, his money does not fly out the pipe, and the costs are limited to scheduled maintenance. Improper installation of protective devices on the chimney provokes losses - both financial and human.

Installing an umbrella on the chimney contributes to the maintenance of work heating system in optimal mode, preventing premature aging chimney, improve air circulation in the house.

Caps and caps on pipes are designed for the following purposes:

• close ventilation duct, protecting it from rain, snow and dirt. Lack of protection can lead to accumulation a large number water in the chimney, which contributes to a decrease in traction and, accordingly, a drop in the efficiency of the heating system;
• protect the pipe material from damage, removing accumulated condensate due to the presence of special grooves;
• do not allow insects and birds to fall into the pipe, serve as an obstacle for leaves and branches from trees;
• perform a decorative function. Give the roof a complete appearance, especially if the design contains elements of artistic forging.

Note! Using an umbrella, you can solve one of the problems of dampness in a house or bath. If the pipe is open to all winds and rains, the moisture that has got into it penetrates into the premises. As a result, the walls and floors are affected by the fungus, an unpleasant smell appears in the air.

Some types of caps have a design that creates a rarefied environment in the upper part of the pipe. Due to this, an improvement in draft in the chimney is achieved, excess moisture, exhaust air and combustion products are removed faster.

In rooms where a lot of steam, fat and combustion by-products are emitted into the air mass (and this is most often kitchens), it is necessary to clean the air in a timely manner. To completely absorb the harmful fumes that pollute the air mass, exhaust hoods are installed over the sources of unpleasant emissions.
These devices perform the function of timely air purification in catering establishments, in kitchens, canteens, restaurants and supermarkets, in the premises of chemical plants

Internal organization

An exhaust kitchen hood is a cap-shaped metal box that is connected through an air duct to ventilation system. But its functionality is significantly increased if its design includes a grease filter that cleans the air mass from oily contaminants and fatty impurities. Most often, an exhaust hood is sold without a fan. Positive responses are models with a spark arresting grate designed for installation above an open flame.

The exhaust hood removes heated exhaust air and pollution from the room, but does not provide a sufficient amount of fresh air mass. Therefore, the design is recommended to be installed only where fresh air is supplied regardless of the device. It is necessary to correctly calculate so that the volumes of exhaust and supply air are the same, only then comfortable conditions will be provided in the room.

There are also supply and exhaust hoods on sale, which not only remove the exhaust air, but also pump in new one. Hot air has a low density and rises to the top, and a cold air mass comes to replace it.

The material from which these devices are made is stainless food steel, so when hot air mass gets on the inner walls of the case, oxidation does not occur. Advantages of stainless steel:

1. resistance to corrosion processes;
2. durability;
3. fire resistance;
4. ease of care;
5. resistance to moisture and steam.

The seams of the case are treated with argon welding, therefore they are distinguished by increased strength. Main element metal structure- grease trap.

The exhaust hood on the duct consists of two parts:

The principle of operation is simple. Air mass with particles of fat, soot and soot enters the filter device. Here, the air hits the internal lintels of the filters with force and is cleaned (during the impact, the by-products of combustion and the air mass itself breaks into pieces).

After cleaning the air, fatty compounds in liquid form slowly settle and move through the drain channel to the receiving tank, which is located at the bottom of the device. After completion of work, this tank is emptied and thoroughly washed with an anti-grease agent. So that the next time the glass is washed faster, 4-5 drops are poured into it in advance detergent. For ease of use, the filters and tank plugs are removable and can be easily removed, cleaned and reinstalled.

Hood classification

Depending on the scope of application, exhaust hoods are divided into two types:

• household.

These are two separate concepts, but the difference between them internal device small. Industrial hoods compared to household appliances have the following features:

• large dimensions;
• high fan performance;
• use of other types of grease filters.

In household models, the dimensions are adjusted to the dimensions of gas and electric stoves used in houses and apartments. True, the difference between the exhaust device working in the kitchen is huge country house, and there is practically no industrial model.

Depending on the location, exhaust hoods are:

1. Wall - simple devices that attach directly to bearing wall over heating appliances. Filters inside such models are arranged in one line.
2. Island - these structures are attached directly to the ceiling on studs or chains above the equipment in the middle of the room. Such models have two rows of filtering devices.

There are also outdoor models for barbecues and barbecues, which are empty inside the dome without additional elements.

They capture smoke, heated air and fatty impurities. The principle of their operation differs from the devices; they function thanks to the transition umbrellas, which have the shape of a cone. It is more difficult to make preliminary calculations for their competent installation, but they can be safely used over an open flame. But devices used indoors are more often equipped with a fan, purifiers, and a grill. There are also complex structures called an exhaust table, but they are not used in everyday life and at food enterprises, as they are intended for chemical laboratories.

Characteristics of exhaust hoods

Exhaust hoods for the kitchen are used everywhere, as these devices are easy to maintain and operate. The main thing is not to forget to clean oily contaminants in a timely manner. storage capacity. Compliance with the rules of use and safety measures when working with such equipment is not difficult.

Stainless steel exhaust hoods are manufactured in strict accordance with the current standards and regulations for the production of food industry equipment. Manufacture of exhaust hoods quality materials is the key to their success and safe work in future. Therefore, the use of this ventilation equipment is safe both for people in the room and for the atmosphere. None at work harmful substances are not highlighted.

The choice of exhaust equipment is wide. On sale there are exhaust hoods for the kitchen of any color, configuration and size.

The device is selected in accordance with the style of the interior

If the presented models do not meet the client's requirements, the manufacture of ventilation umbrellas is also possible to order. Many companies offer the opportunity to arrange an individual production of a ventilation structure to order according to the developed drawings.

It is important to correctly select a device with the desired performance. If the device will not cope well with its functions, then there is no point in installing it at all. If the device works to the maximum, then it will fail faster, and the cost of electricity will be significant. Power is the most important characteristic of the device. For high-quality air purification in ordinary kitchen a device with a capacity of 500-650 m3 / h is quite enough. For public catering enterprises, industrial devices with a capacity of up to 1800-1900m3 / h are suitable.

Since in many enterprises there is a problem of oily impurities settling on the surfaces of devices, exhaust hoods with grease filters are well-deservedly popular. An exhaust hood with a grease trap works according to the following principle: the polluted air mass enters on its own or with the help of a fan, where the grease settles and drains from the tank, and fresh air meanwhile enters the air duct. Grease filters are different:

• cassette,

• from paper.

The control system can be different: push-button, electronic, touch. Push-button control is understandable for people of all ages, but it causes a lot of inconvenience when cleaning (dust, dirt and grease collect near the buttons, which is difficult to clean). Touchpads are more practical, but not as easy to understand for older people. It is easy to take care of the electronic panel: it is enough to regularly wipe its surface with a soft sponge.

Installation of exhaust hoods

There is traditional ways installation of ventilation hoods:

1. With anchors. This method is considered the simplest. But the main condition is that the wall must be load-bearing, even and durable (stone or brickwork). Based on the length of the device, the number of holes (2 or 3) is calculated. Carefully and symmetrically place marks for drilling on the rear vertical wall of the umbrella. Holes are drilled through which the umbrella is attracted to the wall with anchors. If the reach has a length of more than 100 cm, then the device is additionally attached to the ceiling.
2. With the help of pins. 4 holes are drilled along the four edges of the apparatus at the top (ears for studs are welded). Studs are pre-fixed on the ceiling. Everything is simple, but one condition must be observed - the height of the room should not exceed 4.3 meters.
3. On ropes and chains. In this way, you can fix the exhaust hood at any height. 4 brackets are welded in the upper plane of the device. Cables or chains are fixed to the ceiling and secured through a carabiner to the apparatus. The only disadvantage of this design is unsteadiness, which creates additional inconvenience when tying with air ducts.
4. Special support frames. Depending on the size of the umbrella, a support frame is made of a stainless profile with four legs, which are securely attached to the floor through the plates. The device is installed on it. The design is rectangular or square, the height is set individually. Such designs look presentable and neat. Therefore, in rooms with high ceilings and with equipment located in the middle, this option is the most optimal.

Exhaust hoods are mounted not only over stoves and hobs, but also over other heat-generating devices (grill, oven or deep fryer)

When choosing exhaust hoods, take into account the dimensions of the stove or hob over which the device will be mounted.

The device (exhaust hood over the stove) should be at least 10-15 cm wider than the stove. Mounting height above the equipment is from 0.7 to 1.1 m.

The location of the exhaust hood in the kitchen is determined by the location of the stove. If the equipment is located near a wall, then it is advisable to install the exhaust device on the same surface.

Installing an exhaust hood with your own hands is not difficult for a person who is at least a little versed in construction, repair and tools. When installing, follow these instructions:

• Determine the location of the exhaust hood on the wall, taking into account all dimensions: 10 cm wider than the plate and 70-75 cm higher.
• cover kitchen set film or paper to facilitate cleaning after completion of work.
• Take a circular saw and cut an opening in the ceiling of the desired size for the duct.
• With a long drill in the center of the resulting opening, drill a hole (1 cm) - this will be the center of the duct.
• With a crayon or felt-tip pen, draw a circle on the outside of the roof, starting from the drilled hole.
• Carefully saw through the roofing and bottom skin.
• Place the hood fan in the hole sawn in the roof.
• Fix the branch pipe and flange, fill the voids formed at the joint with sealant.
• At the bottom, fix the branch pipe with the ventilation channel.
• Connect the fan motor to the outlet and run the cable inward to the kitchen through the ceiling.
• Take a flexible channel and connect it to the pipe. Check all connections for strength, wrap them with foil for tightness.
• Fix the brackets to the wall with screws and hang the umbrella on them.
• Connect the fan cable to the socket.

It is easy to install a household exhaust hood for the hood, and it is better to entrust the installation of overall models to the employees of a reliable company. The easiest way is to mount a kitchen hood without a fan. The main thing is to adjust the umbrella closer to the chimney pipe or air duct, then the polluted air will be easily expelled outside.

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