If the examination revealed that there are stones in the gallbladder, the doctor must find out their size and composition. If the stones are large and there are a lot of them, then they cannot be crushed and removed, this is dangerous and can have a number of complications. In this case, doctors recommend surgery to remove the gallbladder. If the stones do not exceed 2 cm in diameter and have a cholesterol structure, then the doctor suggests other methods and explains how to dissolve gallstones without surgery.

The method of non-surgical removal of stones is suitable only for those who do not have impaired gallbladder function (it is well reduced) and there is no cholecystitis in the acute stage. There are several options for removing gallstones from the gallbladder.

Medical method of dissolving stones

The most effective drugs for dissolving stones consist of ursodeoxycholic and chenodeoxycholic acid. Ursosan or Henofalk are usually prescribed. They change the composition of the bile itself and reduce the amount of cholesterol, reducing the formation of gallstones.

Also, these acids act on existing stones, if they are taken for several months, the stones begin to dissolve and are excreted through the biliary tract. The impact on stones with medicines is practiced under certain conditions:

• If the stones are of cholesterol composition.
• If the size of the stone is not more than 15 mm.
• If these stones fill the gallbladder no more than half.
• If the gallbladder does not have other pathologies and removes bile well.
• If the patient has the financial ability to take these medicines for a long time and regularly.

The dosage of the drug is calculated individually and depends on the weight of the person. These acids have contraindications that cannot be ignored:

• inflammation of the bile ducts;
• cancer or cirrhosis of the liver;
• kidney failure;
• stomach ulcer;
• cholecystitis;
• problems with the digestive tract;
• pregnancy;
• taking medications with estrogen.

In parallel, agents are used to normalize the production of bile and reduce the gallbladder. It can be Allochol, Holosas or Lyobil.

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So that the ducts do not delay the outflow of bile, antispasmodic drugs are prescribed: No-shpu, Eufillin or Papaverine.

Drug dissolution of stones in the gallbladder is not prescribed if the stones have a pigment or calcareous structure.

The disadvantage of this method is that the course of removing stones from the gallbladder lasts at least two years and has a high cost. And most importantly, no one can guarantee the absence of relapse.

Ultrasonic crushing of stones

shock wave vibration combined with high pressure has a destructive effect on stones. An ultrasonic wave is used to crush the calculi into small particles, which are then released through the ducts along with the bile.

But a gallbladder stone may not come out due to the fact that it has broken up into insufficiently small fragments. In addition, it can get stuck in the bile ducts. Therefore, in addition to crushing stones with ultrasound, drugs are prescribed that can dissolve small stones in the gallbladder. Usually the procedure is carried out several times.

It is possible to crush stones with ultrasound only for those who have counted no more than four of them, which have a non-calcareous structure. The whole process is controlled by a doctor using ultrasound.

This method of crushing stones in the gallbladder without surgery is not prescribed:

• During pregnancy.
• At chronic diseases digestive organs.
• With blood clotting disorders.

Often, during ultrasonic crushing of stones, pain and discomfort can be felt. The disadvantage is that during the procedure there is a chance of damaging the gallbladder from the inside with a broken piece of stone. In addition, due to vibration, the ducts can become clogged.

After the procedure, you need to carefully monitor the diet, do not deviate from the diet and follow all the doctor's recommendations, otherwise complications may arise.

contact method

Recently, scientists have found a way to dissolve gallstones of large size and calcareous structure. With the contact method, a puncture is made in the skin of the abdomen and a special thin tube is inserted into the gallbladder, through which a chemical is applied in small doses to dissolve stones in the gallbladder.

Then the dissolved stones and the solvent itself are sucked out of the gallbladder. The entire operation with the contact method is controlled by doctors using ultrasound and x-rays. The main advantage of this method is that it can be carried out, regardless of the stage of the disease. The efficiency is very high. The only drawback in the duration of the procedure is from 12 to 16 hours.

How to remove stones from the gallbladder folk remedies

A doctor's consultation is necessary for any method of treatment. This also applies folk methods. Many people cannot drink pills due to various diseases of the digestive system. Therefore, the question is often asked whether it is possible to dissolve gallstones without the use of medications. There are some good proven recommendations:

• • Olive oil with lemon juice promotes the outflow of bile and the release of small stones. You need to take 500 ml of oil and 500 ml lemon juice. It is recommended to take 12 hours after eating according to a certain scheme: take 4 tablespoons of oil, mix with 1 tablespoon of juice and drink. All this must be repeated after 15 minutes and so on every 15 minutes until all the oil and all the juice are used up. It is best to choose a day off for such cleaning. Small stones will begin to come out with feces and will look like plasticine.
  • An effective remedy is black radish juice: 100 g on an empty stomach for a month.
  • Beetroot treatment has gained popularity for a long time. To do this, take 5-6 medium-sized beets, peel them and rinse with water. Then the vegetable is cut into small pieces, poured with water and boiled as much as necessary to obtain the consistency of syrup. You need to drink syrup 20 minutes before meals three times a day, 100 g each. The tool dissolves stones in the gallbladder well and helps to get rid of them painlessly.
  • Red rowan berries have the ability to dissolve stones. To do this, you need to eat 2 cups of fresh berries a day for two months.

• A decoction of spring birch leaves will help remove small stones. Take 2 tablespoons of dried leaves, insist in a glass of boiling water over low heat until the volume of the broth is half as much. Drink for three months before meals. When the stones begin to be excreted, nausea, pain and colic are possible.
• Juice has a good effect in expelling stones from the gallbladder sauerkraut. It is recommended to take a glass before meals three times a day. The course of therapy is at least two months.
• Sunflower root is used to dissolve and remove stones. You need to collect it in the fall, grind it, boil 250 g in three liters of water for no more than 3 minutes. Take 4 times a day, 1 glass for two months. During treatment, you need to limit the use of salt and acidic drinks.
• Another way to clear the gallbladder of stones. For three days, you need to cleanse the intestines, for this, take a laxative twice and eat nothing, drink only water. The next three days you need to drink only juices at intervals of two hours. Start the day with two glasses of cucumber juice, and then drink apple juice.
• On an empty stomach take honey mixed with sunflower oil (preferably unrefined). To do this, take a teaspoon of the ingredients, mix until smooth and eat. This is done for 10 days, then a break for 3 days, then again taking honey with oil, and so on 4 times. Stones in the gallbladder and ducts gradually dissolve and pass naturally. Many got rid of stones even in cases where surgery was required.
• Effectively acts to remove stones and get rid of pain in the gallbladder decoction Shepherd's bag. It is necessary to boil 4 teaspoons of dry grass in three glasses of water for 20 minutes. Ready broth must be cooled and filtered. Drink 100 ml three times a day.
• Rosehip infusion well relieves inflammation and pain, dissolves stones in the gallbladder. You need to take 1 teaspoon of flowers and rose hips, pour a glass of boiling water, cook for 15 minutes, leave for two hours. You need to drink this decoction with honey, 1 glass a day.
• To dissolve stones in the gallbladder, it is recommended to eat dill greens daily, over time the stones will completely dissolve.
• To relieve pain and improve the function of the gallbladder, massage helps well, which is carried out in the area of ​​the gallbladder and the entire abdomen with soft circular movements.
• It has a beneficial effect on the work of the gallbladder and a decrease in pain in the right side of taking cognac between meals. 50 g of cognac should be washed down with 1 tablespoon of castor oil.
• Ripe pumpkin juice is considered a panacea for dissolving gallstones and relieving a person of pain. It is enough to drink 300 g per day, it can also be added to juice cocktails. Baked pumpkin has the same effect.

With any method of removing stones from the gallbladder, it is necessary to monitor the diet and adhere to the diet, otherwise a relapse is possible:

• Meals should be fractional and at least 5-6 times a day.
• You need to eat a lot of raw vegetables and fruits.
• It is necessary to give up tasty, but very harmful products and dishes. These include: fried, smoked, pickled.
• Avoid fatty and spicy foods.
• You can not use cocoa in any form (chocolate, drinks).
• Do not drink carbonated drinks and alcohol.
• The most important rule is not to overeat.

In a job that involves low activity, it is recommended to walk more often and do light gymnastics throughout the day.

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Dissolution of gallstones

Ways of dissolution (litholysis) of gallstones

modern medicine has two methods of dissolving, or litholysis, gallstones:

Numerous folk remedies, which are credited with the ability to dissolve gallstones (lemon and carrot juice, olive oil, infusions and decoctions medicinal herbs etc.), are not considered in this article due to their inefficiency. However, some medicinal plants it is advisable to use as auxiliary means, for example,.

Drug dissolution of gallstones with ursodeoxycholic and chenodeoxycholic acid preparations

Used for medicinal dissolution of gallstones ursodeoxycholic (ursofalk, ursosan, ursohol, ursolizin) and chenodeoxycholic acid (henofalk, henochol, henosan, chenodiol). Ursodeoxycholic and chenodeoxycholic acids are among the numerous bile acids that are natural components of human and animal bile. Ursodeoxycholic acid among all bile acids is the safest to use. Chenodeoxycholic acid is similar in its properties to ursodeoxycholic acid. Of course, for therapeutic purposes, ursodeoxycholic and chenodeoxycholic acids are obtained synthetically.

For the successful dissolution of stones with ursodeoxycholic acid, the following conditions are necessary:

• cholesterol stones (cholesterol stones differ from others in that they are invisible on plain radiographs)
• the size of the stones is not more than 1.5-2 cm
• stones fill no more than half the volume of the gallbladder
• complete patency of the bile ducts
• the absence of pronounced inflammatory phenomena in the gallbladder and bile ducts, chronic decompensated liver diseases.
• lack of significant fullness

As a result, if we take into account such numerous limitations, no more than 15% of patients can use this method.

The duration of taking UDC is from 6 months to two years.

Stones larger than 2 cm can be dissolved after they are crushed (lithotripsy) by ultrasound or otherwise into smaller fragments.

As an aid in the drug dissolution of stones, it is advisable to use lecithin, whose role in maintaining the colloidal stability of bile is no less important than the role of bile acids.

Juxtra tablet is pessimistic:

Do not place high hopes on ursodeoxycholic cyst. Quite often, stones reappear after 1-2 years. All surgeons say so.

Indeed, surgeons are particularly skeptical about the prospect of stone dissolution. Naturally, they only see bad cases. And failure is inevitable if you do not draw any conclusions and continue to fill your body with cholesterol. This drug is only able to correct our errors in nutrition within certain limits.

The mechanism of dissolution of gallstones by ursodeoxycholic acid

The whole problem is that cholesterol, being by its nature a fat-like substance, is completely insoluble in water. If in an aquatic environment (namely, this is bile, which is 95% water), cholesterol is left to itself, it immediately forms microcrystals, which, in turn, tend to combine into larger crystals.

In normal bile, cholesterol is packed into micelles - supramolecular cylindrical structures, the shell of which consists of bile acids, and cholesterol and lecithin are in the core

But nature knows how to find a way out of hopeless situations. Where it is impossible to dissolve a substance, it creates a colloid - a stable suspension of not individual molecules, but their conglomerates. So with regard to bile cholesterol, nature has come up with an interesting mechanism - cholesterol in it is not in its pure form, but in combination with bile acids and lecithin. Lecithin is another natural component of bile from the group of phospholipids, it is insoluble in water, like cholesterol. Of the entire triad, only bile acids are able to dissolve in water on their own, but together all three substances form a stable colloid, consisting of the so-called. micelles.

Micelles are cylindrical supramolecular structures, the shell of which consists of bile cysts, the core is filled with cholesterol, and the ends are sealed with lecithin. Micelles are strong and self-sufficient formations, not prone to either settling or further conglomeration. Cholesterol enclosed in micelles is completely deprived of the opportunity to form crystals.

Thus, theoretically, we have three ways to prevent the crystallization of cholesterol:

1. reduce cholesterol
2. increase the content of bile acids
3. increase lecithin content

Practice has shown that of these three ways, the first two are the most effective. Ursodeoxycholic acid in this regard is a unique substance that can act simultaneously in two directions:

• inhibits the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver and reduces its content in bile
• stimulates the synthesis of bile acids, thereby improving the ratio of bile acids and cholesterol

So, ursodeoxycholic acid, not actually being a cholesterol solvent, creates the necessary conditions for its dissolution, affecting the content of the two most important components of bile - cholesterol and bile acids.

The question is pertinent: how do stones dissolve if cholesterol is insoluble? The fact is that nature does not tolerate emptiness and everything in it is in motion: if bile does not contain cholesterol microcrystals, their number is replenished due to exfoliation from a rather loose surface of cholesterol stones. The microcrystals, in turn, also partially disintegrate and replenish incomplete micelles with their contents. So, molecule by molecule, layer by layer, cholesterol stones move into the intestines.

Juxtra-tablet asks:

I wonder if you can count on the dissolution of stones with a low cholesterol diet, such as a strict vegetarian diet?

Only theoretically. Yes, among vegetarians it is difficult to find a person suffering from gallstone disease. But, firstly, without drug stimulation, the dissolution process will take an unpredictably long time. We cannot reduce cholesterol below a certain limit, because it is an important metabolite in the body. With a lack of cholesterol, the liver synthesizes it. And secondly, there are few people who can change their lifestyle so radically. However, one should, to the best of one's ability, adhere to the principles healthy eating. Proper nutrition is an important condition for the successful dissolution of stones and the prevention of their occurrence in the future.

Chemical or contact dissolution of gallstones

The method of contact dissolution of gallstones has been developed recently and is still experimental. Like medicinal, contact dissolution is limited in its use by a number of conditions:

• stones of only cholesterol composition
• fully preserved gallbladder function
• preserved biliary tract patency
• absence of inflammatory changes in the gallbladder.

Chemical dissolution of stones in the gallbladder is performed by introducing a potent cholesterol solvent, methyl tert-butyl ether, through a catheter into the gallbladder.

Chemical dissolution is carried out by introducing a potent cholesterol solvent through a catheter directly into the gallbladder. The catheter is inserted by a puncture method, that is, through a puncture of the skin over the gallbladder under the control of ultrasound or X-ray tomography equipment. Then, with the help of a syringe, a solvent is brought to the stones in small portions, periodically sucking it out together with dissolved cholesterol. The duration of the procedure is 4-16 hours.

Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) is used as a solvent, which is able to completely dissolve cholesterol stones within a few hours.

Interestingly, methyl tert-butyl ether, when it enters the intestinal mucosa, causes its chemical damage, but is completely harmless to the gallbladder mucosa.

Unfortunately, the lack of knowledge of long-term results does not yet allow the introduction of this promising method into wide practice. Often, after the dissolution procedure, "cholesterol debris" remains in the gallbladder - small undissolved remnants of stones, which in the future can initiate the re-formation of stones. In such cases, treatment is supplemented with long-term medication. The disadvantages of the method include the complexity of manipulations, but it can be successfully compensated by good training of specialists.

A technique for introducing a solvent into the gallbladder using endoscopic equipment is also being developed.

If gallstones are diagnosed, treatment with pills that break up such deposits is one of the most common methods of getting rid of such an ailment. However, only a specialist should prescribe such funds after a preliminary, thorough examination, since not all stones can be dissolved.

What stones are subject to dissolution

How to dissolve gallstones should be decided only by a specialist after preliminary diagnostic measures. It is also important to remember that not all stones can be crushed with the help of drug therapy. According to the variety, cholesterol, mixed and bilirubin formations are distinguished. In a predominant number of situations, a cholesterol stone is found, which consists of cholesterol.

Before deciding whether it is possible to dissolve stones in the gallbladder, you should first determine their type, since only cholesterol formations can dissolve with further excretion into intestinal tract. Also, the dissolution of cholesterol gallstones is prescribed in the presence of the following indications:

• If the size of the stones is 15 millimeters, no larger.
• In the presence of many small formations.
• To thin the secretion.

If mixed or bilirubin deposits are found, doctors prescribe other methods for their removal. With conservative therapy of cholesterol-type deposits, the use of certain medications is expected. There are two groups of such drugs - Ziflan and drugs, they contain bile acids.

Advantages and disadvantages of the method

To remove stones from the gallbladder, a specialist is appointed different types drugs for crushing. The results of treatment after the course are as follows:

• More than 60% of patients have a positive result after a course of treatment. But an important condition is not only taking medicines, but also compliance with all medical prescriptions, recommendations, regular monitoring of the condition using instrumental diagnostic methods.
• More than 30% of patients who have used drugs to remove gallstones from the gallbladder, there are positive results, without prior testing of stones.
• In 11% of patients who used drugs to destroy formations, the desired effect was absent.

Removal of stony formations with the help of conservative therapy will be effective only if they are small in size. If a person is obese, such treatments are not always effective. According to statistical data, the drug prescribed by the doctor effectively breaks stones in the body after a preliminary diagnosis.

When using preparations in order to crush, break up a conglomerate, it should be taken into account that such a technique has and side effects. After the course of therapy, there is a high risk re-occurrence disease, since drugs crush formations of a certain size and composition, but do not eliminate the cause of their appearance. The disadvantage is also that the time of taking medications is at least a year, so you will have to be patient to achieve the desired result. Side effects after cholesterol deposits are removed include: a deterioration in the ability of the liver to remove toxic substances and toxins, the accumulation of a large amount of creatinine and urea in the blood fluid.

Ursosan and ursofalk should not be used in patients with kidney disease, organs of the digestive tract, with the development of hepatitis, cholecystitis, during the period of bearing a child and breastfeeding. An important condition for success in therapeutic measures is the subsequent proper nutrition(only approved products are shown that doctors recommend during and after therapy).

Preparations

Preparations for dissolving stones in the gallbladder are selected by a specialist. Additionally, it is worth treating gallstone disease with concomitant medications. If the organ does not show symptoms during the disease, calculi are detected during ultrasound diagnostics, drug treatment not assigned.

But in the presence of advanced degrees of the disease, in the presence of painful sensations, doctors prescribe effective means, dissolving deposits: products with acids to dissolve deposits, as well as those containing immortelle.

Preparations with ursodeoxycholic acid

Tablets from gallstones help not only with deposits in the bladder, but also reduce the formation of cholesterol. What preparations are effective, help the stones dissolve? Tablets that are synthetically created based on ursodeoxycholic acid: ursofalk, ursosan. Such drugs based on bile acids dissolve the conglomerate, eliminate small deposits and symptoms of their presence in the body.

The main form of release are capsules. With their help, you can dissolve formations and achieve the following results:

• neutralization of the toxic effect of secretion (the amount of bile acids decreases),
• regulates the balance of cholesterol,
• the solubility of a viscous substance increases,
• the formation of cholesterol in hepatocytes is inhibited.

Preparations with chenodeoxycholic acid

The drug dissolves deposits, has a destructive effect on cholesterol in the biliary tract. Tablets for gallstones that contain chenodeoxycholic acid: chenofalk, henochol, henosan.

Such drugs for resorption of the conglomerate help inhibit cholesterol in hepatocytes. Thus, the balance of this substance and acids is restored. Usually, doctors prescribe both groups of medications.

Herbal preparations

The most common herbal remedy for gallstones is Ziflan., it contains immortelle. This remedy in the treatment of the biliary system helps prevent the formation of cholesterol.

The drug is prescribed as a course, strictly according to the doctor's prescription. Long-term use is not recommended.

Prevention after treatment

Proper nutrition, diet is the key to a successful recovery. Meals must be fractional - in small portions, but often. If possible, limit meat in the diet, include nuts, fresh fruits and vegetables in the menu.

Video

Beetroot decoction to dissolve gallstones without surgery.

Gallstone disease is a common problem affecting the digestive system due to malnutrition and metabolic disorders. How to dissolve stones in the gallbladder, which can bother a person for years, we will tell in our short material.

Definition and stages of the disease

What is gallstone disease? This is a metabolic disease in which stones form in the gallbladder and liver ducts. Do gallstones dissolve? It all depends on the stage and composition of them.

The pathological process goes through three stages, which can be influenced in various ways.

1. The first stage does not manifest itself clinically and is characterized by an increase in the amount of cholesterol in bile, up to cholesterol flakes and crystals. In addition, it contains less phospholipids, bile acids and lecithin, that is, substances that dissolve gallstones.
2. The second stage is defined as stone-bearing, does not manifest itself in any way and is characterized by an aggravation of changes in the properties of bile. Flakes and crystals of cholesterol turn into stones that gradually fill the gallbladder and its ducts.
3. The third stage is just that calculous cholecystitis which makes a person go to the doctor. In order to dissolve gallstones at this stage without surgery, it is necessary to adhere to a whole scheme of medical recommendations. They can only be given by a specialist.

Symptoms of the disease

First two stages cholelithiasis are asymptomatic. Clinical manifestations occur when:

1. Inflammation of the gallbladder and its ducts.
2. Blockage, stagnation.
3. Filling the organ with stones completely and violating its deposition function.

by the most hallmark disease is colic. It is characterized by severe pain in the right hypochondrium or in the center under the ribs. Pain may radiate to the left hypochondrium, lower abdomen, back, right shoulder blade, or the area between them. The pain can go on for hours. In addition to painful sensations, there are various vegetative reactions: sweating, redness or pallor of the skin, lifting blood pressure and palpitations. Nausea and vomiting are frequent companions of biliary colic. In addition, the appetite decreases, the patient is restless, the pain does not allow sleep.

With an increase in body temperature, acute cholecystitis or cholangitis is suspected. Yellowness of the skin, sclera, indicates that the stone impedes the outflow of bile.

Diagnosis of the disease

Can gallstones dissolve? various methods, depends on what stones were formed in the bladder and ducts.

Stones are of the following types:

1. Cholesterol, containing up to 75% cholesterol, as well as pigments, lime salts, proteins and mucins. Meet most often (from 70 to 90% of all cases). They are located in the gallbladder and much less often in the ducts.
2. Brown pigment stones contain cholesterol up to 30%, as well as calcium bilirubinate. Appear in the common bile duct after surgical treatment, rarely in the bladder itself.
3. Black pigments contain black pigment, mucin and proteins. Occur mainly in the gallbladder, extremely rare in the common duct.
4. Mixed complex stones contain less cholesterol, as well as lime salts, proteins, mucin and pigment substances. They occur in about 20% of cases.

It is possible to dissolve stones in the gallbladder without surgery in cases where they are cholesterol. These stones are not visible on x-rays. The main diagnostic method is ultrasound. Stones and their shadows are visualized, as well as a thickened wall of the gallbladder.

Plain radiographic images of the abdominal cavity show stones much less often if they contain lime salts, X-ray positive formations.

Fibrogastroduodenoscopy is performed to examine the exit site of the common bile duct into the lumen of the duodenum in order to recognize blockage by a stone.

AT biochemical analysis blood, the amount of cholesterol and the lipid spectrum are studied, as well as the functioning of the liver based on bilirubin and enzyme substances.

A general blood test diagnoses the presence or absence of an active inflammatory process by the number of leukocytes and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

Diet for gallstone disease

At any stage, therapeutic nutrition should be aimed at lowering the level of cholesterol, its hypersecretion in the body. Important role proper nutrition plays here, aimed at reducing body weight, correcting metabolic processes. Often the pathological picture of bile is associated with endocrine pathology, which requires a specialized diet.

Food should be taken fractionally - from four to six times a day, distributing food evenly over the hours so that there is no stagnation of bile in the bladder. Portions should be small, gluttony is prohibited, as it will cause spasm of the bile ducts and painful sensations of varying intensity.

Diet food excludes the intake of fried, fatty, smoked, spicy and high-calorie (up to 2900 kcal). Food should be rich in protein. When choosing products, their fat content should be taken into account. This applies to dairy products, which must be bought with a low percentage of fat content. Meat should be low-fat varieties (chicken, turkey, rabbit, beef). Fish river or low-fat (bream, perch, cod, pike perch, hake). Meat and fish should be steamed or boiled.

It will be useful to eat about one hundred grams of raw vegetables or fruits three to four times a day. You need to eat them before the main meal. Apples and pears, as well as juices from them, help dissolve gallstones well, which has earned the love of many nutritionists. For the same purposes, carrots, sauerkraut, celery will be used. Food, rich in fiber, should be present on the table of a patient struggling with stone formation. Eating a tablespoon of wheat bran twice a day is one of the folk remedies. Bran brewed with boiling water and added to the main dish helps to dissolve stones in the gallbladder and improve bowel function.

Half of the fats should be of plant origin. Vegetable oils (sunflower, linseed, olive, corn and soybean) help lower cholesterol, enrich the body with tocopherol, dilute bile with the help of prostaglandins in their composition.

Neutral and alkaline bile promotes the dissolution of cholesterol in it, and an acidic environment, on the contrary, causes crystallization and stone formation. This leads to the consumption of a large number of flour products and cereals. To make the environment more alkaline, you should add sour-milk products, cottage cheese, cheese, vegetables (except legumes), fruits and berries (except red currants) to the diet.

Soups should be cooked lean. Soft-boiled eggs are allowed no more than one per day. From seasonings, you can use parsley and dill, fruit sauces. Tea and coffee can be drunk weak, it is good to take juices. Strong alcohol and beer are prohibited.

Indications for drug dissolution of stones

It is possible to dissolve stones in the gallbladder by folk and medical methods under certain conditions:

1. In the gallbladder, only cholesterol calculi are present, which are visible on ultrasound and absent on radiographs.
2. Size - no more than two centimeters in size.
3. The gallbladder functions properly by storing bile.
4. Stones in the organ occupy no more than half of its volume.
5. The duct leaving the gallbladder must be passable.
6. There are no stones in the common duct.
7. The term for the appearance of stones is less than three years, since later they accumulate a large number of mineral salts that are difficult to dissolve.

Contraindications for drug dissolution of stones

You should know the conditions that prohibit taking drugs for lysis, as well as which gallstones can be dissolved with medication.

Contraindications are:

• Acute inflammatory reaction in the gallbladder wall and ducts.
• Large calculi more than two centimeters in diameter.
• Pathology of the liver of any etiology.
• Diabetes.
• Chronic pancreatitis.
• Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum.
• Exacerbation of chronic pathology of all parts of the intestine.
• Calcium carbonate stones seen on X-ray.
• Disabled gallbladder with no signs of functioning.
• Pregnancy and lactation.

What medicines dissolve gallstones

For medical lysis, preparations of bile acids are used - chenodeoxycholic and ursodeoxycholic, which compensate for the lack of these substances in patients prone to stone formation. When using these drugs, the absorption of cholesterol from food and its synthesis in the liver is inhibited, which leads to its decrease in bile. Without cholesterol, which is the basis of the stone, its formation becomes difficult. In addition, with the stones and cholesterol crystals already present in the bladder, fatty acids create liquid compounds that dissolve bile conglomerates.

The preparation of chenodeoxycholic acid is Henofalk, produced in capsules by the German company Doctor Falk Pharma GmbH. A medication is prescribed before going to bed every evening, since cholesterol stones form at night with prolonged stagnation of bile (since a person does not eat at night).

The dose depends on the weight of the person at the rate of 15 mg per kilogram. Overweight people should be aware that the maximum dose is 1500 mg per day.

It is necessary to take the drug for a long time. Six months later, a follow-up ultrasound is performed to evaluate the result of therapy. In the absence of positive dynamics, the medication is stopped. The maximum period for taking "Chenofalk" is considered to be three years. There is a method of taking the drug for the prevention of subsequent stone formation in persons prone to this pathology, provided that the previous stones are completely dissolved. Reception is carried out within a month with breaks of 60 days.

Tolerability "Henofalk" is good. You should be afraid of allergic reactions in the form of itching and rash. With long-term multi-month intake, it is necessary to monitor liver parameters (ALT and ASAT), and if they increase, reduce the dosage.

Pain in the abdomen can occur when stones move. Loosening of the stool is possible at high doses due to the increase in fat in the feces.

The drug "Ursofalk" based on ursodeoxycholic acid is used at a dosage of 10 mg per kilogram of body weight per day in the evening. The maximum amount is 1250 mg. The drug is considered more effective for dissolving stones, and its tolerance is good. Reception is carried out under the control of ultrasound. Cancel "Ursofalk" in the absence of dynamics within a year and a half.

There is a technique for combining Henofalk and Ursofalk with taking half dosages at night. This treatment is more effective and leads to the dissolution of stones in 70% of cases, in contrast to monotherapy, where success accompanies only half of the patients.

All contraindications should be clarified before dissolving gallstones with drugs containing acids. In addition, it must be remembered that their usual medicines it is forbidden.

Herbs that dissolve gallstones

The use of herbal medicine to dissolve stones should be carried out only after the permission of the attending physician. So, the agents that dissolve gallstones are contained in the following herbs.

Milk thistle, peppermint, tansy, rosehip berries, beetroot decoction, lingonberry leaves, lavender flowers, mountain thyme are used. They are used in the form of tablets, infusions, teas. Remember that each remedy has its own list of contraindications.

It is possible to dissolve gallstones in the gallbladder with folk remedies, including herbal medicine, with their very small diameter and cholesterol composition. The use of herbs during acute process inflammation is contraindicated.

Non-drug treatments

How can you dissolve stones in the gallbladder without resorting to surgical treatment, you should find out by consulting a gastroenterologist and a surgeon.

The method of shock wave cholelithotripsy allows crushing large stones (up to 3 cm) into small fragments. Stones must be cholesterol. The gallbladder must perform its function. The method will be especially effective if you start using fatty acid preparations two weeks before it. Fragmentation of stones is possible in 95% of cases.

The technique of percutaneous transhepatic cholelitholysis is an invasive procedure performed under local or general anesthesia. It consists in introducing a thin probe into the gallbladder through the skin and liver tissue and infusing a solution through this probe to dissolve stones. Thus, up to 95% of the stones are dissolved.

Prevention

Preventive measures are aimed at preventing the formation of primary stones and new stones after therapy with the above-described agents.

Preventive measures include:

1. Proper nutrition in compliance with all of the above activities.
2. The use of mineral waters containing sulfate ion ("Essentuki", "Borjomi", "Truskavets", "Narzan").
3. Spa treatment.
4. Rejection of bad habits.
5. Regular physical activity, including exercises that develop the muscles of the diaphragm and the press.
6. Body weight control.
7. Treatment of chronic diseases.

We discussed how to dissolve gallstones. With competent treatment, the outcome is favorable.

Gallbladder stones are a common diagnosis. This disease occurs if dense formations of different chemical nature, shape and size are formed in the organ cavity. Based on these characteristics, the doctor decides what to do with cholelithiasis and how to get rid of the stones. If they have sharp edges or a large size, they cannot be dissolved or removed naturally, an operation will be necessary. However, in some patients, signs of the disease are not felt, and stones are found only during a routine examination or when diagnosing other diseases. In this case, the pathology can be treated conservatively, with the help of diet and medication.

Causes and symptoms of the disease

The gallbladder is a small muscular sac that stores bile. It is produced by liver cells and moves further along the bile ducts, briefly lingering in the gallbladder. Normally, it is liquid, and the body can hold up to 50-80 ml of this secret per day. With some pathologies and metabolic disorders, it becomes thick and does not leave the gallbladder into the small intestine.

Gallstone disease in most cases is secondary. Stagnation of bile is often associated with inflammatory processes in the gallbladder (cholecystitis) or malnutrition. Also, the formation of calculi is affected by the amount of cholesterol that enters the body with food and accumulates on the walls of blood vessels and in internal organs.

Depending on the chemical structure, stones are classified into several varieties:

• cholesterol - contain bilirubin or its derivatives;
• calcareous - are formed due to the accumulation of calcium salts;
• pigmentary - the cause of their appearance is bile pigments.

Stones are localized in the cavity of the gallbladder. They can be in his body or neck, and single small stones enter the lumen of the bile ducts and are excreted with bile into the duodenum. This process causes an attack of biliary colic, in which the patient complains of acute pain in the right hypochondrium, nausea and vomiting, fever and indigestion. If the formations are small and do not affect the outflow of bile, the symptoms of the disease may not appear. Treatment will depend on the characteristics of the course of the disease and on the results of additional studies.

Is an operation necessary if the stones do not bother?

As long as the stones in the cavity of the gallbladder do not cause pain and discomfort, you can focus on conservative methods of treatment. The absence of pain syndrome means that the calculi are in the bile and do not block its outflow. Their edges are smooth and do not injure the mucous membrane of the gallbladder, and their size will not allow to partially or completely block the bile ducts.

Gallstones can obstruct the lumen of the bile ducts if their size allows them to move with the flow of bile.

The first signs of pain are a symptom that conservative treatment is ineffective. Stones can form not only in violation of the diet, but also in various metabolic pathologies. In some cases, normalization of the diet and pills can dissolve the stones and get rid of the disease. If the patient periodically feels acute pain, this may signal one of the factors:

• small stones exit through the bile ducts and injure their walls;
• stones are large and stretch the gallbladder;
• formations have sharp edges that periodically affect the mucous membrane;
• the gallbladder is clogged with stones of various sizes and shapes, which prevents the secretion and outflow of bile.

All of these conditions are indications for surgery. The fact is that in the presence of cholesterol stones in the gallbladder or calculi of any other origin, the organ cannot perform its function. This is accompanied by inflammation of its walls and the development of acute cholecystitis. The disease is considered dangerous, since there is a high risk of pathogenic microflora and the development of purulent inflammation. In addition, the muscle layer can be injured with perforation of the bladder wall and the release of its contents into the abdominal cavity. This is dangerous for the development of peritonitis, sepsis and death.

There are several ways to get rid of their gallbladder stones. The method of treatment is chosen by the doctor depending on the results of the examination and associated symptoms. Large stones in the gallbladder are not amenable to dissolution with medications or ultrasound, so the patient is immediately prescribed a planned operation. If the stones are small and do not injure the mucous membrane of the organ, and its structure is not broken, you can use the methods of non-surgical removal of stones.

Medical treatment

In some cases, it is possible to dissolve gallstones without surgery. Especially medical methods effective against cholesterol stones - they are easily amenable to drugs, crushed to small particles and excreted naturally.

Calculi can have a different size, shape and chemical composition.

It is possible to cure stones in the gallbladder without resorting to the help of surgeons only in the following cases:

• the size of the stones - no more than 1.5 cm;
• the motor function of the muscle wall is preserved;
• stones do not fill the bladder more than half;
• formations do not go into the lumen of the bile ducts.

The process of removing stones from the gallbladder can be carried out by several groups of drugs. Regardless of the chosen remedy, the treatment is combined with a special diet. Fatty, fried, spicy and salty foods are contraindicated for the patient, and especially fats of animal origin provoke the deposition of cholesterol. You should eat fractionally, in small portions, so that bile does not accumulate in the gallbladder and does not transform into new stones.

Bile acid preparations

In the human body, there are several varieties of bile (cholic) acids, which underlie the action of some drugs. They enter into chemical reactions with cholesterol and provoke the resorption of stones. Doctors recommend taking several drugs at the same time that contain different cholic acids. Thus, they will complement each other's action and the healing process will be much faster.

Based on the results of the tests, the doctor will be able to determine which medications the patient needs. There are a number of drugs that provoke the dissolution of gallstones:

• derivatives of ursodeoxycholic acid - Ursohol, Ursosan, Ursofalk;
• derivatives of chenodeoxycholic acid - Henohol, Henosan, Henofalk.

Several factors influence whether gallstones can be dissolved. To completely remove calculi, they must be small, not too dense, and composed of cholesterol. Treatment takes place under the supervision of a physician. Its effectiveness can be monitored using ultrasound or radiography with the addition of a contrast agent. The course of therapy is long. It may take 6 months to 2 years to completely remove gallstones from the gallbladder.

Drug treatment is long and can take up to 2 years

Treatment with Ziflan

Ziflan is a natural immortelle herb based supplement. Its mechanism of action is to stimulate the production of normal bile, which has the correct consistency and does not form sediment and stones. The process also produces bile acids, the precursor of which is cholesterol. When the reserves of this substance in the body are depleted, acids begin to be produced from cholesterol deposits.

The drug is released in the form of capsules. They are usually prescribed three times a day, and the course of treatment lasts a month. After 1 or 2 weeks of break therapy can be repeated. For the full treatment of a stone in the gallbladder without surgery, you will need to take the remedy for 1 or 2 years, 2-3 courses are recommended during each.

In cholelithiasis, choleretic agents are contraindicated. They do not affect the structure of calculi and cannot destroy them, but they accelerate the peristalsis of the organ and the excretion of bile. Along with this secret, small stones will also come out, simultaneously injuring the walls of the bile ducts. Moreover, they can get stuck in the lumen of the bile ducts, which is dangerous due to their rupture with the release of contents into the abdominal cavity.

Stone destruction methods

There are several ways to remove stones without medication and surgery. They are based on the direct effect of medicinal substances, ultrasonic radiation or a laser on stones. These methods are considered minimally invasive because they allow you to save the gallbladder.

shock wave therapy

In some cases, it is recommended to remove stones using shock wave therapy. It is the impact of a shock wave of ultrasound, which destroys stones to particles about 3 mm in size. It may take up to 10 procedures to completely get rid of the disease.

The method is rarely used in practice, since it is often complicated by the following conditions:

• fragments of stones have sharp edges and injure the mucous membrane of the biliary tract;
• inflammatory processes accompanied by infection with bacterial microflora;
• blockage of the bile ducts and the development of jaundice;
• the appearance of adhesions.

The method is not used for crushing calculi, which consist of calcium salts. In the process of treatment, the patient is additionally prescribed medications to accelerate the removal of stones. The method is also not recommended due to the fact that larger fragments often remain in the cavity of the gallbladder. Even after complete recovery, there is always a risk of re-development of the disease.

Percutaneous cholelitholysis

Percutaneous transhepatic cholelitholysis is the introduction of specific medications (methyl tributyl ether) directly into the gallbladder cavity through a catheter. The method is classified as invasive and is rarely used, but it turns out to be quite effective. This drug acts against all types of gallstones and allows you to completely eliminate them in just 3 weeks.

Crushing stones with a laser

Laser grinding of stones is a new technique that has a number of advantages over the others. This method is also invasive and is carried out through 2 punctures of the abdominal wall. A device for visualizing the process is inserted through the first puncture, and a catheter with a connected laser device is inserted through the second. It is brought directly to the stone and acted upon by a laser. Education can be crushed not into fragments, but into fine sand, which significantly reduces the risk of complications.

Doctors prefer to remove the gallbladder laparoscopically, without making an incision in the abdominal wall.

ethnoscience

Alternative methods against gallstones are not effective and even unsafe. Many remedies that traditional healers advise have a choleretic effect and are contraindicated in cholelithiasis. These include freshly squeezed beetroot juice, fasting, taking vegetable oils pure and others.

The only way to speed up recovery at home is proper nutrition. It is necessary to exclude from the diet foods that provoke the deposition of cholesterol or disrupt the outflow of bile. Fatty, fried, spicy, floury dishes and pastries, alcohol and carbonated drinks are also contraindicated. It is necessary to eat fractionally, eat warm food in small portions.

Surgical intervention

Even with an asymptomatic course of gallstone disease, the patient should be observed by a doctor. If it is not possible to get rid of stones in the gallbladder within 2 years, it is recommended surgical intervention. Over time, the stones will manifest characteristic clinical signs, and the operation will have to be performed according to the indications. Doctors are sure that it is better to operate the patient at the asymptomatic stage of the disease and not wait for its manifestation. clinical picture if conservative methods fail.

There are 2 main types of surgery for gallstone disease:

• laparoscopic removal of stones - the operation is performed through a small incision on the abdominal wall, the stone is removed while maintaining the integrity of the gallbladder;
• cholecystectomy - the organ is completely removed, after which the patient will have to recover for at least 2 months.

Gallbladder stones are dangerous. Methods of treatment are selected individually, according to the results of the examination. If there are no direct indications for surgery, you can try to dissolve the stones with medicines or crush them in minimally invasive ways. Surgery is the only method that guarantees that the disease will not manifest itself again. In other cases, a relapse is possible even if the diet and other recommendations are followed.