The rate of turnover of formwork made of waterproof plywood. What is formwork turnover. Monolith walls: how to calculate lumber consumption

STATE ELEMENTAL ESTIMATE NORMS

FOR CONSTRUCTION WORKS

GESN-2001-06

Collection #6

MONOLITHIC CONCRETE AND REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES

These State Elemental Estimated Standards (GESN) are intended to determine the need for resources (labor costs of workers, construction machines, materials) when performing work on the construction of structures made of bricks and blocks and compiling estimates (estimates) using the resource method.

GESN-2001 are the initial standards for the development of State unit prices for construction work at the federal (FER), territorial (TER) industry levels, individual and aggregated norms (prices) and others normative documents used to determine direct costs in the estimated cost construction works.

DEVELOPED Interregional Center for Pricing in Construction and the Building Materials Industry (MCCS) of the State Construction Committee of Russia (I.I. Dmitrenko, L.N. Krylov,), 31 GPI SS MO RF, Moscow (V.G. Guriev, A.N. A.L. Kostyuk) and the St. Petersburg Regional Center for Pricing in Construction LLC "RCES" (P.V. Goryachkin, E.E. Dyachkov, L.A. Danilova) with the participation of specialists - V.G. Usachev (ZAO RASA Ko, Moscow), A.P. Ivanov (JSC Construction Corporation of St. Petersburg), A.A. Kozlovskaya, S.M. Weller (JSC "Institute LenNIIproekt", St. Petersburg), Ph.D. I.Yu. Nosenko, (JSC "INiK").

CONSIDERED Department of Pricing and Estimated Rationing in Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Gosstroy of Russia (Editorial Committee: V.A. Stepanov-Head, V.N. Maklakov, G.A. Shanin, T.L. Grishchenkova).

INTRODUCED Department of Pricing and Estimated Rationing in Construction, Housing and Communal Services of the Gosstroy of Russia

APPROVED AND INTRODUCED from May 1, 2000 by the Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated April 26, 2000 No. 36.

CHANGES AND ADDITIONS MADE, approved and put into effect on October 20, 2002 by the Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated October 15, 2002 No. 127 and approved and put into effect on March 9, 2004 by the Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated March 9, 2004 No. 41

Technical part

General instructions

1.1. These State Elemental Estimated Standards (GESN) are intended to determine the need for resources (labor costs of workers, construction machines, materials) when performing work on the construction of monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures in industrial and residential construction and drawing up estimates (estimates) using the resource method . GESN are the initial standards for the development of unit rates, individual and aggregated rates (prices).

1.2. HPES reflect the industry average costs for the operation of construction machines and mechanisms, technology and organization by type of construction work. GESN are mandatory for use by all enterprises and organizations, regardless of their affiliation and form of ownership, carrying out capital construction with the involvement of funds from the state budget of all levels and targeted off-budget funds.

For construction projects funded by own funds enterprises, organizations and individuals, GESN are advisory in nature.

In cases where design solutions provide for more stringent requirements for the accuracy of monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures than provided for in clause 3.7 and table. 12 SNiP 3.03.01-87 "Bearing and enclosing structures", it is necessary to develop individual estimated norms, or individual multiplying factors to the norms of the tables of the GESN-2001 Collection "Monolithic Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures", taking into account all the complicating factors associated with increased production requirements works on the installation of monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures.

1.3. The rates take into account the costs of performing a full range of work, including:

unloading;

Transportation of materials and products from the on-site warehouse to the place of laying or installation;

Installation and dismantling of scaffolding;

Installation, lubrication and dismantling of the formwork, taking into account its turnover;

Control assembly, installation and dismantling of sliding formwork with scaffolds and work platforms, installation and dismantling of equipment, instruments, auxiliary structures, electrical wiring, jacking frames and jacks, installation and extension of jacking rods, installation and dismantling of shaft ladders or elevators for lifting people;

Installation of reinforcement for reinforced concrete structures with welding or viscous and straightening of reinforcement, installation and disassembly of inventory forms or brackets-linings when welding in a bathtub;

Concrete laying with compaction, concrete care and partial grouting of exposed surfaces after formwork removal (if necessary);

The device of temporary shrinkage working and expansion joints (if necessary);

In separate tables of norms for structures that differ in the scope of work, a list of additional operations is given.

1.4. In the norms of the tables, the average consumption of reinforcement is given based on the technology (frames, meshes, individual rods).

When drawing up estimates, the consumption of reinforcement and the class of steel should be taken according to design data without adjusting the cost of labor and machines for its installation.

1.5. The rates take into account the costs of installing fittings using electric welding or knitting, with the exception of rates 5, 6 of Table 01002, which takes into account bathtub welding.

If it is necessary to use welding of reinforcement in a bathtub (instead of electric welding or knitting), additional standards given in Table 01016 should be taken into account.

1.6. Concrete classes and aggregate size should be taken according to design data. In the absence of the specified data, concrete classes and aggregate size should be taken from the following table.

Table 1

1.7. The cost of installing metal structures and steel cores used as rigid reinforcement should be determined in accordance with the relevant standards of the collection GESN-2001-09 "Metal structures".

1.8. The norms take into account the erection of structures at a height (depth) of up to 15 m from the surface of the earth (with the exception of structures of special structures). When determining the cost of performing work at elevations above (below) 15 m from the ground, labor costs should be adjusted by the coefficients given in Section 3 of the technical part.

1.9. The cost of constructing foundations for metal columns should be determined according to the norms 2¸12 of Table. 01001 with installation costs added anchor bolts and conductor devices remaining in the body of concrete according to the norms 1-10 of the table. 01014. The consumption of concrete (mortar) for pouring nests (wells) when installing anchor bolts is taken into account in the norms for the construction of foundations.

1.10. The cost of installing foundations for columns for thickeners at processing and sintering plants, indicated in the norms 1-3 of Table. 01008 should be determined according to the norms 2-9 of Table. 01001.

1.11. The cost of installing foundations with under-columns with a perimeter of more than 10 m should be determined according to the norms 2-9 of Table. 01001, and with a perimeter of up to 10 m and a height of more than 10 m (counting from the upper ledge) should be calculated separately: for foundations (up to the upper ledge) according to the norms 8-9 of Table. 01001, and for under-columns according to the norm 12 tab. 01001.

1.12. The cost of installing a slab with under-columns more than 2 m high should be determined separately: for a slab according to the norm of 16 Table. 01001, and under-columns: with a perimeter of up to 10 m - according to the norm 12 of the table. 01001, and more than 10 m - according to the norms 5-9 of the table. 01001.

1.13. The cost of grillage installation should be determined according to the relevant standards of Table. 01001 and 01005 for the installation of similar foundations, for example, grillages on single piles or clusters of piles for individual columns - according to the standards for foundations of the appropriate volume for columns, grillages in the form of slabs along the pile field according to the standards for foundation slabs, grillages in the form of tapes according to rows of piles according to the standards for strip foundations, etc.

When determining the cost of grillages, in which the lower surface rises above the ground (such as grillages in permafrost to form a blown underground), one should additionally take into account the costs of constructing the formwork from below, and the structures supporting it according to Table. 01012.

1.14. Installation costs for anchor bolts and equipment fixings should be determined in accordance with the guidelines for the application of equipment installation codes.

1.15. The cost of installing columns for thickeners should be determined according to the norms 1-6 of Table. 01026.

1.16. The costs for the construction of two-tier thickeners should be determined according to the norms 1-4 of Table. 01008.

1.17. Additional costs for the installation of foundations for equipment of various configurations with the device in their thickness of channels, niches, wells, nests for anchor bolts, protruding elements, etc. should be determined according to the norms 7, 8 of the table. 01005.

1.18. The cost of building foundations, consisting of columns, beams, and other elements, should be determined according to the relevant standards for individual structural elements.

1.19. The consumption rates of wooden formwork and fasteners are determined taking into account the normal number of their revolutions and the norms of permissible losses after each revolution.

Depreciation deductions for industrial re-wrapped formwork are recommended to be determined on the basis of the following data:

Average normative formwork turnover

Table 2.

Note:

* When using other deck materials (plastic sheet, combined, etc.), the number of revolutions is taken according to the technical data for the corresponding formwork.

With the in-line method of producing reinforced concrete works, the construction object is divided into sections. Captures are areas of equal volumes of work where brigades or units work during a shift or a multiple shift of time. For example, after the installation of formwork and reinforcement during the shift on the first grip, the team moves to another grip for the next shift, and the concrete laying team comes to the first one and performs this work also during the shift. The equality of the duration of the performance of different types of work on the work sites is achieved by a different number of performers - workers of these works. The more time-consuming work, the greater the number of performers. Thus, a flow method for the production of concrete work is organized on the site of the object. As mentioned above, concreting consists of sequentially performed operations (or simple processes): formwork installation, reinforcement installation, concrete mix laying, formwork stripping. Provided that one type of simple process is performed during a shift, the following work will be performed on each grip after one shift. The duration of the performance of one type of work on the grip by the brigade is called the rhythm of the flow . In our reasoning, the rhythm of the flow is equal to one shift.

flow step - the time interval between the start of work on one grip and the start of work of the same type on another grip. The flow step displays the time interval after which the brigades are included in the flow. If the formwork installation team switched to the second grip, then the reinforcing team came (started to work) on the first one. After another shift, concrete mixture is laid on the first grip, reinforcement is installed on the second, and formwork is installed on the third. Then, with an equal rhythm, for example, in 1 shift, work is performed on the gripper in the required technological sequence. It is convenient when the step is equal to the rhythm, then the maximum number of grips is occupied by the process; this state is called the expanded construction flow.

For a group of columnar foundations, 3-5 pieces can be included in the grip. The system of strip foundations for the use of the in-line method of concreting is divided into grips as follows: corners are distinguished, junctions of transverse walls, and grips with a length of 3-6 m are assigned to straight sections. The order of concreting these grips is assigned in a run.

The formwork used on the grip is used on other grips as the formwork is stripped.

It should be noted that the movement of people on concreted structures, as well as the installation of formwork scaffolding on them for the erection of overlying structures, is allowed only after the concrete reaches a strength of at least 1.5 MPa, and the movement of vehicles and concrete placing machines is allowed only after the concrete reaches the design strength.

Bearing formwork Reinforced concrete structures may be removed only after the concrete reaches strength, % of the design:

slabs and vaults: span up to 2m ….50

from 2 to 8 m….70

beams and girders: span up to 8 m ….. 70

load-bearing structures: with a span of more than 8 m ... 100

Formwork turnover is calculated, and its need for the construction of an object will be equal to the number of simultaneously formworked columnar foundations or plot - capturing a strip foundation.

The methodology for calculating grips and the number of formwork sets is as follows.

They determine the types and number of work processes during concreting, that is, determine the number of private flows:

foundation formwork installation;

installation of reinforcing cages;

laying concrete mix;

demoulding of foundations;

Between the laying of the concrete mixture and stripping, it is necessary to provide a technological break for the concrete to gain stripping strength. The duration of the break is determined by the reference tables and depends on the brand of cement and the temperature at which the concrete hardens (Appendix 4).

Determine the number of grips.

The duration of the production of reinforced concrete works in days is determined from the expression:

where
- the rhythm of the flow, the time after which the next workflow is performed on the capture

- number of working shifts per day

- number of grips;

- the number of private threads, that is, simple processes

- the duration of the curing of concrete from laying to stripping in days.

The smallest number of grips, which ensures only the continuity of the technological process without specifying the concreting period, is determined from the expression:

Perform a breakdown of the grips on the building diagram.

They make up the calculation of labor costs according to the ENiR, calculate the number and composition of teams to perform individual processes, ensuring the flow of concreting.

They accept machines for complex mechanization of reinforced concrete works.

The leading process in the construction of foundations is the laying of concrete mix. For paving, it is recommended to consider the use of a crane with a set of buckets for concrete, belt pavers, concrete pumps with an articulated boom and other options for mechanisms.

Deep vibrators are used to compact concrete of columnar foundations, and for the wall part strip foundations it is possible to use external sewn-on vibrators attached to the formwork.

The thickness of the laid concrete layer determined from the condition of overlapping the underlying layer with an area F before the start of its setting for the maximum allowable period of time t in hours at concrete supply intensity Q in m 3 / hour.

Build a cyclogram of in-line production of reinforced concrete works.

Determine the need for formwork, taking into account its turnover.

The turnover is found from the expression:

,

where
- the duration of the formwork installation at the facility is determined by the cyclogram.

- the duration of the turnover cycle of one set from installation to demoulding, is determined by the cyclogram.

The need for formwork kits for an object is determined from the expression:

,

where
- the number of columnar foundations, or the number of sections - grips for strip foundations. Consider the method for calculating the number of formwork components using a digital example.

A task.

Determine the required number of formwork sets when concreting 48 pieces of columnar foundations for the columns of an industrial building. The duration of concreting T=15 days, the flow rhythm K=1 shift, the number of working shifts per day A=1 day, the time of concrete hardening from the end of laying to stripping t b =3 days.

Solution.

The scope of work for the construction of monolithic reinforced concrete columnar foundations is:

We find the number of grips with a total concreting period of 15 days; we will combine the installation of formwork and reinforcement into one process by appointing a team of carpenters and a fitter.

grips

In doing so, it is possible to determine smallest number grips, without specifying the timing of concreting, the main thing is that a technological break is observed for the concrete to gain stripping strength.

grips

We accept 10 captures, since we have a reserve of time of 15 days according to the condition of the problem. In each grip, we will assign 5 columnar foundations, and only in the last, tenth grip, there will be 3 foundations. The last grip will not affect the rhythm of the flow (Fig. a).

Calculation of labor costs and composition of teams.

At the stage of concreting, we draw up a calculation of labor costs.

Let us explain the procedure for working on the calculation. In columns 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 and 9 enter the relevant information and figures from the paragraphs of the ENiR collection 4. In column 10 enter the accepted number of workers. The number of working performers (column 10), labor intensity (column 7) and the duration of this work (column 11) should be taken in conjunction. Namely, for the installation of reinforcement and the installation of formwork, we will accept one team, which includes both reinforcing workers and carpenters. The labor intensity of carpentry work 49.88 people. - see according to the standard, so we will accept 2 teams for this work, a total of 4 people. Normative labor intensity of reinforcing work is 6.02+8.49=14.51 man-cm, while a team of 4 people is recommended, in which 3 people are of low 2nd category. We believe that carpenters may well have the skills of a 2nd category reinforcing worker and we complete a team of 6 people for reinforcing and formwork work (see column 10). Then at accepted duration (column 11) of 10 days and the number of performers 6 people, the labor intensity adopted by us will be 60 man-shifts, which is somewhat less than the standard labor intensity (column 6) 6.02+8.49+49.88=64.39 people. - change. By making such a decision, we oblige the team to work with stress and perform more labor-intensive work in 10 days (shifts).

On the other hand, the labor intensity of concrete laying is 18.9 man-shifts, and the accepted labor intensity for a team of 2 people (column 10) is 20 man-shifts (column 7); consequently, the team can work without stress and can be entrusted with the accompanying ancillary work. A similar ratio of standard and accepted labor inputs for foundation strippers, they can be entrusted, for example, with concrete care.

We build a cyclogram of work on 10 grips within 15 days. (rice. b)

It can be seen from the cyclogram that the duration of the formwork installation is T op =10 days. Formwork cycle time t c =5 days; after 5 days the formwork is released and can be reused.

The turnover is determined by n=10/5=2.

The need for formwork sets for an object is found from the expression:

N=48/2=24 sets

After removing the formwork, it is cleaned and re-lubricated. The main purpose of the lubricant is to reduce and completely eliminate the adhesion of concrete to the formwork and facilitate the stripping of the structure. According to the principle of action, lubricants are conditionally divided into film-forming, water-repellent, lubricants, retarders or openers, and combined ones.

Lubricants - openers slow down the setting process of thin butt layers of concrete. By the time of stripping, the strength of these layers is negligible, and separation occurs along the contact zone, partly along the weak butt layers of concrete. Such a surface is subsequently washed with a stream of water, exposing the structure of the concrete to give it a colorful appearance or some other special treatment.

There are lubricant consumption rates in kg per 1 m 2 of formwork, depending on the sheathing material and application method (pneumatic spray or manually).

FORMWORK REVERSIBILITY number of cycles of repeated, multiple use of formwork without loss of its operational qualities

(Bulgarian; Bulgarian) - reversibility to case

(Czech; Čeština) - opakovane pouzití ​​bedněni

(German language; Deutsch) - Wiederverwendbarkeit der Schalung

(Hungarian; Magyar) - zsalufordulo

(Mongolian) - hashmalyn ergelt

(Polish language; Polska) - rotacja deskowania

(Romanian; Român) - reutilizare a cofrajelor

(Serbo-Croatian; Srpski jezik; Hrvatski jezik) - obrt opiate

(Spanish; Español) - indice de reutilización del encofrado

(English language; English) - formwork reusing

(French language; Français) - reutilization du coffrage

Construction dictionary.

See what the "SHELL REVERSE" is in other dictionaries:

formwork turnover- The number of cycles of repeated, multiple use of the formwork without losing its performance [Terminological dictionary for construction in 12 languages ​​(VNIIIS Gosstroy of the USSR)] Topics builds. other machines, equipment, tools EN… …

Formwork turnover- - the number of cycles of repeated, multiple use of the formwork without losing its performance. [Terminological dictionary for construction in 12 languages ​​(VNIIIS Gosstroy of the USSR)] Term heading: Formwork Encyclopedia headings: ... ...

turnover- The amount of formwork use (concreting cyclops) determined on the basis of experience using statistical data or by calculation. Turnover before wear and tear, before repair, turnover within a month, a year, etc. [GOST R 52086… … Technical Translator's Handbook

turnover- - the amount of formwork use (concreting cyclop), determined on the basis of experience using statistical data or by calculation. Turnover to wear, to repair, turnover during the month, year, etc. [GOST ... ... Encyclopedia of terms, definitions and explanations of building materials

turnover- 172 turnover Quantity of formwork use (concreting cycle), determined on the basis of experience in the use of statistical data or by calculation. Turnover to wear, to repair, turnover within a month, a year and ... ...

formwork- - a structure that is a form for laying and maintaining a concrete mixture. It consists of shaping, bearing, supporting, connecting, technological and other elements and provides design characteristics of monolithic ... ... Encyclopedia of terms, definitions and explanations of building materials

GOST R 52086-2003: Formwork. Terms and Definitions- Terminology GOST R 52086 2003: Formwork. Terms and definitions original document: 164 adhesion to concrete Adhesion, adhesion of the deck to concrete and concrete mixture Definitions of the term from various documents: adhesion to concrete 70 aluminum formwork ... ... Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

Plywood for formwork is widely used in both private and industrial construction. Its advantages over other materials are obvious, which, in turn, stimulates the production of plywood of various modifications. Together with plywood for formwork, new technologies for pouring concrete and the production of various fasteners are developing.

Advantages of plywood for formwork

Plywood is a board made by gluing veneers - thin wood sheets.

Relatively low price and ease of processing make it convenient building material with a wide range of applications. Since the installation of formwork during the construction of concrete structures requires considerable time, plywood quickly found use as a formwork material, moreover, an entire industry arose for the production of special types of plywood for this task.

Plywood is glued together from several thin wood sheets.

Formwork or flooring, holding stone vaults or soil mixtures, has been known since ancient times. Wood, metal, skins, matting, fabrics were used to make formwork. Nowadays, ceramics, composite materials, plastic are used. But none of the materials can compete with plywood in terms of such important criteria as "price-quality" and ease of installation. When assembling and disassembling the formwork, there is always a partial or complete loss of material. Plywood structures allow either repeated use or the use of waste materials for other needs.

The undeniable advantage of plywood is its flexibility and ability to maintain complex shapes, which allows builders and designers to implement architectural forms at the request of the customer.

Different types differ from each other:

• by the number of layers of veneer - from 3 to 12 and more;
• according to the veneer material - birch, conifers, poplar;
• method of impregnation with adhesives and varnishes;
• by surface treatment, that is, by the degree of grinding of one or both sides;
• by the presence of an additional coating (lamination).

There are other parameters: standard sizes, price, country of origin, brand awareness, etc.

Types of plywood

Modern industry offers dozens of plywood different varieties. If we narrow the appointment only to the manufacture of formwork, then we can focus on five main types.

ordinary

This material is the simplest, most democratic and cheapest, for which formwork is only one of the applications.

Usually, unsanded, inexpensive plywood is taken for formwork, with the number of layers that can withstand the load of the solution. Water in the solution can cause the material to swell and the formwork to break. To avoid this, apply additional mounts and wrapping sheets with polyethylene film.

Relief materials can be placed under the film. After the mortar has hardened and the formwork has been removed, relief and texture will appear on the surface of the concrete as a decorative element.

This plywood cannot be recommended for large volumes of work; it is not its cheapness that makes it possible to implement another idea - fixed formwork. In this case, the material remains glued to the concrete, and it is already being plastered and painted over it. It is marked with the FBA abbreviation, which means impregnation with albumin-casein glue, which is an environmentally friendly material.

Non-laminated

It differs from the ordinary one by a higher degree of polishing at least one of the sides and impregnation with mixtures that provide increased moisture resistance.

Resin adhesives based on phenol and formaldehyde are used as impregnation, as indicated by the PSF marking. Although strict sanitary regulations are observed in the industry, it should be remembered that phenol formaldehydes belong to the class of carcinogenic, toxic, flammable materials. Therefore, when working with such plywood, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of labor protection and fire safety rules.

FSF plywood is one of the most popular building materials.

Laminated

Lamination means covering the surface with a polymer film. It can be done on one or both sides.

The working surface of laminated plywood is covered with a polymer film

Laminate increases the moisture resistance and overall strength of plywood by an order of magnitude. Where monolithic buildings are erected, they cannot do without reusable boards made of laminated plywood.

Lamination can be done independently. The film and the machine make it possible not only to cover the panels, but also to create a relief pattern, which will then be transferred to the concrete, giving the surface a certain texture.

Bakelized

If the letter “B” is present in the two-letter designation of plywood, this means that it was impregnated with Bakelite, a substance related to polymer resins. On the basis of Bakelite, impregnating adhesives and varnishes are made.

Bakelite gives high strength and moisture resistance. BS plywood impregnated with Bakelite dissolved in alcohol is called aviation plywood, and in its characteristics it approaches metal. This is a wonderful material, but the high price limits its use for formwork.

Cheaper options:

• FB - impregnation with bakelite varnish;
• BV - impregnation with water-soluble glue.

The latter type, with high strength, has reduced moisture resistance, which is eliminated by double-sided lamination.

The epithet "Chinese" does not mean low quality or exclusively the country of origin. In China, veneer is traditionally made from poplar wood or other inexpensive species that are not related to birch or coniferous trees.

For the production of Chinese plywood, inexpensive wood veneer is used, which is quite acceptable for the manufacture of formwork.

Since modern production is easily transferred to any other country, the rooted name Chinese refers to the nature of veneer, and the plywood itself can be laminated, bakelized, etc.

Cheap veneer limits its use in the production of furniture, joinery or roofing materials, but Chinese plywood is quite suitable for formwork and gives decent cost savings.

Other types of plywood

Modern technologies allow you to vary the combination natural materials and polymers in the finished product. Plywood is multi-layered. External veneers are called shirts, internal veneers are called mullions. There are materials on the market in which shirts are made of valuable breeds, and mullions from the processing of wood, plants, husks, cellulose waste, etc. The overall strength is achieved through impregnation and polymer coatings.

When choosing, you should focus on specifications, user comments and reviews on thematic forums. Formwork requires strength, moisture resistance and wear resistance, as well as ease of processing and the presence of fasteners.

Video: plywood varieties

Making formwork from plywood

Prior to the installation of the formwork, a thorough marking is carried out at the construction site. For example, when pouring a foundation, a trench breaks out, the walls of which will help to properly install the shields. But for walls of complex configuration or vaulted structures, most likely, several stages of formwork installation and subsequent pouring of the mortar will be required.

The formwork limits the solution from the inside and outside. In order to comply with the required dimensions in width, the following technology is used:

The overall rigidity of the formwork on each side is provided with fasteners, props and rails. The slats are nailed or fixed on self-tapping screws. It is very important to ensure tightness on each side to prevent leakage of the solution. All cracks are caulked or filled with mounting foam.

After the solution hardens, unscrew the nuts, remove the studs and dismantle the shields. The tubes remain walled up, although they can be knocked out or cut out if necessary. Holes in concrete are partially sealed, partially left for wiring cables, pipes, ventilation devices, etc.

Video: plywood formwork installation

It is even easier to purchase or rent laminated panels with fasteners. They are specially produced for the installation of formwork and are structurally performed in such a way that there are no through slots at the docking points.

Plywood 18–21 mm thick is used for formwork. Catalogs and prices for these products can be found on the websites of manufacturers and suppliers.

Table: average prices for formwork plywood

Calculation of costs for formwork and plywood turnover is carried out according to the methods developed by the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation. in design and construction organizations This is done by qualified estimators. You can do your own estimating by using the online calculator. Such services are provided free of charge by manufacturers and suppliers on their websites.

Video: plywood formwork panels

Turnover of laminated plywood

Formwork turnover is understood as the number of cycles of its installation, concrete pouring and dismantling without loss operational properties. As a rule, this figure is several tens of times. Plywood formwork boards can be assembled in any combination. Plywood boards can be made independently. This will help reduce construction costs. Thanks to the ties and spacers, the formwork retains its shape and withstands the pressure of concrete. After the concrete mixture has hardened, the plywood panels can be removed and used in a new place.

Formwork fasteners

With small volumes of private construction, you can get by with slats and props. But the use of laminated plywood with special fasteners significantly speeds up the assembly and disassembly process. Hence savings in time and labor. Once purchased, metal fasteners will last for years, if not decades.

The industry offers the following items:

• coupling screws in assortment;
• spring clamps and clamps;
• wedge locks;
• column braces;
• cones and wing nuts;
• horizontal and vertical clamps;
• heel pads;
• support brackets;
• hooks and clamps;
• tripods.

Each product is produced in different modifications, which allows you to choose the necessary elements for a specific formwork option.

You can do without plywood and assemble formwork from other panel materials. But it is worth using this inexpensive and convenient material at least once, as it will become an integral part of the construction in the construction of concrete structures. At correct use shields can be placed up to 50-60 times.

When constructing monolithic reinforced concrete structures, wooden formwork (shields from boards) is used. From our point of view, the consumption of formwork, given in the norms 6 of the Collection, is underestimated, and our expenses are not reimbursed.

How to find out what turnover of wooden formwork is taken into account in the norms 6 of the Collection?

Answer

In the Technical part of the Collection GESN-2001-06 "Monolithic Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Structures", the average standard turnover is given only for industrial multiple-turn formworks (formwork with a steel deck and metal formwork with a waterproof plywood deck). Data on the average standard turnover of wooden formwork, taken into account in the norms of the Collection, is not given. There is no answer to the question posed in the “Guidelines on the procedure for the development of state elemental estimated norms for construction, installation, special construction and” (MDS 81-19.2000), put into effect on May 1, 1998 by the Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated April 24, 1998 No. 18-40.

The necessary information is contained in the "Guidelines for the development of elemental estimated norms for building structures and types of work of Part IV building codes and the rules "Estimate norms and rules", approved by the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for construction on May 11, 1974, namely, in clause 8.4 of section VIII "Determination of consumption rates for building structures, products and materials":

“8.4. When erecting structures made of monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete, earthworks using fasteners and other works, the consumption rates of timber and other circulating materials should be determined taking into account their return after each disassembly of the devices and the additional consumption of materials to restore losses inevitable during disassembly, according to the formula :

N P \u003d N1 x K, where:

N1 - consumption rates of materials for the initial device according to working drawings, taking into account intractable losses and waste given in clause 8.3. these guidelines;

K - correction factor to the consumption of wrapped materials, depending on the number of revolutions of temporary devices.

The number of revolutions of temporary devices, adopted in the development of estimated standards, and correction factors for the consumption of wrapped materials, determined according to production standards, are given in Table. 3.

The data given in the Guidelines on the average standard turnover of wooden formwork were used in the development of the 1984 estimate and regulatory framework and then became part of the 2001 estimate and regulatory framework.