How to choose roofing materials for a roof: prices, types and tips from practitioners. Roofing materials

There would be a roof over your head! So they say, emphasizing that the most important thing is to have a place where you can hide, live, and the rest is not so important. The first roofs were made from natural materials, from what was at hand: wooden shingles, straw, reeds, turf.

The main task was to protect from rain, snow, wind, sun.

Requirements for a modern roof

Modern building technology offer a lot of other materials for the roof, differing in the following parameters:

• Waterproof.
• Durability at sharp temperature changes.
• Reaction to chemical compounds.
• Fire safety.
• Duration of operation.
• Ease of maintenance and repair.
• Aesthetics.

There are four groups roofing materials:

• soft bituminous;
• metal;
• polymeric;
• mineral.

Soft bituminous materials

The first group includes all coatings that use bitumen. These materials are soft, so a continuous crate and waterproofing are necessary.

Bituminous slate consists of cellulose impregnated with bitumen and treated with pigments and mineral additives. It is used at a slope angle of 5 degrees, for any structures except domed and arched ones.

The most popular material is ondulin. With a roof slope angle of 6 to 10 degrees, the crate is made continuous, then it can be done in increments. They are used for baths, garages, sheds, complex roofing and renovation of the roof from under slate.

Positive properties:

• water resistance up to 40 years;
• resistance to chemicals;
• a light weight;
• ease of installation;
• affordable price.

Flaws:

• may burn;
• discoloration over time;
• softens in the heat and emits the smell of bitumen.

The bituminous tile consists of fiberglass impregnated with bitumen and stone chips applied on top.

It can be used everywhere with a minimum slope of 12 degrees. If the angle of inclination is less than 18 degrees, then it is recommended to make waterproofing. Particularly suitable for use with complex roofs.

Positive properties:

• soundproofing;
• thermal insulation;
• variety of shapes and colors;
• lack of water condensate;
• softness;
• duration of use - up to 70 years;
• affordable price.

Flaws:

• may break at low temperatures;
• melt in the sun and smell of bitumen;
• lit.

It is applied everywhere, in any buildings and structures!

metal materials

Metal coatings include: corrugated board, metal tiles, seam roofing. The professional flooring consists of the pro-thinned-out, steel, galvanized sheets which can have a polymeric covering.

For roofs with an inclination angle of 10 degrees. It is attached to the crate with self-tapping screws. It is mainly used for administrative buildings and industries.

Positive properties:

• ease of installation;
• term of use up to 50 years;
• affordable price.

Flaws:

• soundproofing required.

The metal tile is made of steel sheet with zinc protection and polymer coated. If the roof slope is from 15 to 20 degrees, then the joints must be sealed.

It is used for residential and industrial buildings, garages, kiosks. For roofs of complex shapes, it is difficult to use due to rigidity.

Positive properties:

• light weight;
• easy to attach;
• low price.

Flaws:

• a large percentage of waste;
• good hearing.

Seam roofing is steel sheets with or without zinc and polymer protection. It got its name because of the connection with the adjacent sheet using a fold. It is used for roofs of residential buildings and industrial buildings with a slope of 20 degrees.

Positive properties:

• tightness;
• fire safety;
• the possibility of using for roofs of any structure;
• light weight;
• service life from 30 to 50 years;
• affordable price.

Flaws:

• requires warming;
• capable of rusting
• accumulates static electricity;
• bad soundproofing.

Seam roofing made of copper and aluminum consists of copper or aluminum sheets. Used for a roof slope of 15 degrees. Installation is done as in steel roof, but fasteners are only made of copper or aluminum.

Positive properties:

• ease of maintenance;
• fire safety and environmental friendliness;
• no corrosion, resistance to acid rain;
• long service life (copper - up to hundreds of years, aluminum - up to 80 years);
• aesthetics.

Flaws:

• very expensive (5-6 times more expensive than steel sheet).

Polymer materials

Polymer roofing includes: polymer-sand tiles, flat membrane roof, self-leveling polymer roofing, plexiglass and polycarbonate. Polymer sand tiles include a mixture of sand and thermoplastics combined by pressing.

Positive properties:

• soundproofing;
• moisture resistance;
• environmental friendliness;
• low thermal conductivity;
• ease of installation;
• service life up to 50 years:
• impact resistant.

Flaws:

• great weight.

A flat membrane roof includes a polymerized material. Membranes, regardless of type, are used for sufficient flat roofs ah residential or public buildings.

Positive properties:

• water resistance
• resistance to ultraviolet;
• resistance to temperature fluctuations;
• possibility of use regardless of the climatic zone.
• Roof service life - up to 50 years

Flaws:

• the quality of the seams between the canvases;
• the need for ground preparation.

Self-leveling roofing is prepared and applied at the place of application.

Positive properties:

• lack of seams;
• ease of installation;
• resistance to water, frost, sun;
• long term operation.

Mineral materials

Mineral roofing includes ceramic and cement-sand tiles. Ceramic consists of natural clay, sometimes covered with a protective film.

Most optimal use with a slope of 30 to 60 degrees. Applies to all types of houses.

Positive properties:

• good sound insulation;
• fire resistance;
• does not rust;
• resistance to low temperatures;
• ease of maintenance;
• duration of use up to 150 years.

Flaws:

• heavy weight requires stronger rafters and battens;
• fragility;
• high price.

Cement-sand tile is a mixture of cement, sand and iron oxide that is pressed under pressure. Can be used on slopes from 20 to 60 degrees. Fastened with nails to the crate. Applies to all buildings.

Positive properties:

• resistance to chemicals, sunlight, frost;
• duration of use up to 30 years.

Flaws:

• big weight;
• not cheap in price.

And finally, it is impossible not to mention the slate. Until recently, it was the most important roofing material. Affordable, easy and simple to install, used for utility blocks, sheds, summer sheds.

Photos of popular types of roofing materials

In order for the roof to fulfill its task, in addition to a solid frame structure, an appropriate coating is required - durable, airtight, aesthetic. The use of the wrong roofing material can be disastrous, ranging from financial losses caused by continuous repairs to serious accidents, such as the collapse of the frame. It is also desirable that the roofing material be easy to install - with less risk of errors. Exist different kinds roofing materials, and they all have characteristic features, the knowledge of which will help to make right choice in each specific case.

An important criterion when choosing roofing materials is the complexity of the roof structure. For simple designs, without decorative elements, it is advisable to use different types sheet roofing, which allows you to carry out roofing work in the shortest possible time. Below are the main types of roofing materials that are most suitable for this purpose.

Metal tile is a roofing material that is made from galvanized steel sheets 0.4-1.25 mm thick, with an organic coating with a thickness of 25 microns (polyester coatings) to 200 microns (plastoizol). Weight 1 sq.m. coverage ranges from 4.2 - 6.5 kg. Products can be supplied in sheets or in modules (modular metal tiles). A standard module has dimensions of 350-400 mm in length and about 1100 mm in width, and a sheet can reach several meters in length - one sheet of metal tile, on average, 6 square meters. roofs. Service life of a metal tile is 30-50 years.

Metal tile is used in various industrial facilities and residential buildings, for the roofing of roofs with an angle of inclination from 9 - 12 °. Sheets are attached to the crate with self-tapping screws with special sealing caps. The step between the elements of the crate is from 35 to 40 cm, depending on the angle of the roof.

Pros and cons of this type of roof:

• advantages - ease of installation, relatively high strength with low weight, wide range of colors, low price;
• disadvantages - a large amount of waste, poor thermal insulation properties.

Profiled sheets are made from the same material as metal tiles and using a similar technology, but are used mainly for domestic and industrial purposes, for example, to cover industrial buildings or shops. They produce corrugated board of different profiles (trapeze, wave, etc.) and various colors. Thanks to the production technology, this material, with appropriate installation, can last up to 50 years.

Profiled sheet is a durable type of roofing material and can be safely used on roofs of great length. The sheet is attached to the crate with self-tapping screws with a sealing gasket, on any roof with an inclination angle of 10 °. At a small angle of inclination, the seams should be treated with sealant.

The relatively low price and ease of installation made it in demand in various areas of construction. Among the positive and negative properties of the material should be mentioned:

• advantages - ease of installation, lightness and high strength of the resulting structure;
• disadvantages - poor thermal insulation, dubious aesthetics of the finished roof.

Decking, as well as other roofing materials from sheet metal, high noise is characteristic, which is why the roof needs additional sound insulation.

Ondulin

For the production of ondulin sheets, pulp and paper fibers, refined bitumen and polymer resins are used. Ondulin sheets are dyed in various colors temperature resistant paint. The material is used as a coating for residential buildings of one- and multi-storey buildings, agricultural facilities, as well as public facilities. The sheets have a wavy profile, length - 2000 mm, width - 950 mm. With a sheet thickness of 3.0 mm, its weight is only 6.5 kg. This, as well as ease of installation, allows you to do the roof yourself.

Sheets of ondulin are attached to the crate with special nails. It can be mounted on roofs with an angle of 6° or more, the step of the lathing elements is from 30 cm. The material is easily cut with a regular hacksaw, which simplifies working with it.

For all its attractiveness, ondulin, in addition to its positive properties, also has disadvantages:

• advantages - corrosion resistant, maintenance free, safe for health and environment, has good sound insulation;
• disadvantages - low level fire safety, relatively short term operation (up to 25 years).

Slate

Asbestos cement sheets, better known as slate, are characterized by high strength and durability. To date, both flat and wavy slate are on sale, as well as its painted version. Wavy slate is six-, seven- and eight-wave. Pretty heavy construction material, with a length of 1750 mm and a width of 980 - 1130 mm, depending on the thickness, it can weigh up to 25 kg.

The slate is mounted on a crate made of timber with a cross section of 50 mm to 75 mm, in increments of 50 cm. If the roof slope is less than 22 °, then the crate must be reinforced. The slate is fastened with special roofing nails.

Pros and cons of slate:

• advantages - service life of about 40 years, low price, high fire resistance;
• disadvantages - fragility, low moisture resistance.

Given this, slate can only be used for outbuildings.

This roofing material is made of galvanized sheet steel, 05 and 0.7 mm thick, covered with a protective and decorative color coating. It can have both a completely flat surface and a wavy or trapezoidal profile, which serves to strengthen long sheets and minimizes the effect of deformation, which sometimes appears as a result of exposure to high temperatures. Sheets are available in various widths. The length is selected to the size of a particular slope. On small roofs (with a slope length of up to 10 m), one sheet can cover the entire length.

The roof got its name because of the way the individual elements are connected. The edges extending from the eaves to the ridge are joined by a standing seam, and the transverse edges of the roof slope are joined by a recumbent seam. The connection can be single or double. During installation, the side edges are joined with a fold, moving from the eaves to the ridge. With special fasteners (clamps), the panels are attached to the crate.

Seam roofing is used in residential and industrial construction. Her strengths and weaknesses:

• advantages - high flexibility and low weight, aesthetics, no risk of fire, immunity to low temperatures;
• disadvantages - the complexity of installation, noise.

When selecting roofing materials and analyzing their properties, one should take into account the severity of certain atmospheric phenomena in a given region of the country (wind force, intensity of rain and snow). For example, the roofs of houses in mountainous areas must have a large angle of inclination in order to easily get rid of snow. In areas where strong gusty winds are common, it is advisable to choose heavy-duty roofing materials rather than lightweight metal roofing.

Soft roof and its varieties

There are several varieties of soft roofs on the building materials market, which are widely used both on the roofs of industrial buildings and in private construction, especially on roofs with a large number of architectural elements.

Flexible tiles - fiberglass plus bitumen

Bituminous tiles, often also called shingles, shingles, etc., resemble classic roofing material in structure. Technically, it differs little from it, since its design also uses a core in the form of a solid base (cellulose, fiberglass or plastic), which is impregnated with bituminous mass and covered with stone chips. The advantage of bituminous tiles is the possibility of its installation on roofs of any configuration.

Suitable for most roofs with a slope of 12°. If we are talking about the upper limit, then the roof can be very steep, up to vertical planes. A flexible tile is attached to a solid crate made of plywood or OSB-boards. A brief description of:

• advantages - resistance to the negative effects of weather conditions, various kinds of deformation, easy installation, which does not require special skills and equipment, good sound insulation, long service life;
• disadvantages - it is difficult to replace one element, heats up quickly under the scorching sun, a rather high price.

Roll built-up roofing

It consists of two layers of bitumen, between which a carrier base is placed, then a polymer layer and a mineral dressing on top. Polyester, fiberglass or fiberglass is used as the basis. The main scope of rolled roofing materials is industrial construction, utility buildings. The optimal slope of the slope for one layer is 9 - 22 °, for two layers 3 - 15 °.

Roofing strips are welded onto a cleaned surface treated with a bitumen-based primer using a burner. Each strip should overlap the previous one by at least 10 cm. A high-quality deposited material can last up to 30 years.

This is perhaps the most a budget option roofs - all types of bitumen-based rolled roofing materials are characterized by a low price. The pros and cons of this material are as follows:

• advantages - good vapor permeability, lightness, environmental friendliness;
• disadvantages - low fire resistance, not very attractive appearance.

This product is a kind of new generation roll materials. PVC, TYPE and EPDM membranes are produced. The nominal thickness of the products is 1.80 mm, 2.20 mm 2.50 mm (in this case, the homogeneous waterproof layer of the membrane has a thickness of 1.20, 1.50 and 1.80 mm, respectively). Dimensions 2*20 m.

Sealing is carried out by hot air welding, without the use of additional preparations. Thanks to this, the connection is homogeneous, its strength is higher than the strength of the material itself, and the seam itself retains all the advantages of the base material. The production of materials is carried out in compliance with high environmental standards. If the roof slope is more than 10°, then the membrane is fixed mechanically. The main pros and cons of the material:

• advantages - resistance to mechanical stress, water resistance, ease of installation;
• disadvantages - increased requirements for the base, exposure to aggressive chemicals.

Self-leveling roofing - applied directly to concrete

With the help of a self-leveling roof, a single (without joints), elastic, light and durable (up to 15 years) coating is created. To cover flat roofs, bituminous-rubber or polyurethane (from polyurethane foam or polyurethane elastomers) masses are used. All of them are supplied ready for use in construction.

A prerequisite for a good coating is adequate preparation of the substrate. It must be durable, with a homogeneous structure, before starting work it must be cleaned, leveled and primed. On flat roofs, reinforcement can be dispensed with. If the angle of inclination is more than 2 °, then in order to avoid draining the mass, the surface is reinforced (with fiberglass tapes, a mesh of polyamide, polyester or polypropylene). In any case, the use of reinforcement increases the life of the roof. In addition to the advantages, the material also has some disadvantages:

• advantages - no seams, perfect fit to the base, ease of use and relatively low price;
• disadvantages - increased requirements for the base.

Like other building materials, the main types of roofing materials, in addition to undeniable individual advantages, are not without some drawbacks. Therefore, when choosing a roof covering, you should carefully analyze the conditions in which the building will be operated.

The roof top is the topmost part of the roof. It is she who protects the building from the negative effects of the environment. Before you cover the roof of the house, you need to choose the right material. Roofing materials come in a variety of types. Each of them has its purpose and limitations in use.

Material selection criteria

Types of coverage should be considered from several angles. Choosing the material for the roof, you should answer the following questions for yourself:

• how steep the slope of the slope is planned;
• the cheaper it is to cover the roof, is the financial component in the first place;
• what type of roofing material will fit better into the architectural appearance;
• the better to cover the roof with your own hands, how complicated the installation process is;
• Is it possible to put up with the high noise of the roof.

The main criterion for choosing a roof covering is the slope angle.

In general, the coating must meet the requirements for reliability, durability, strength and waterproofing. The aesthetic component and economic are also important. To choose a roof covering for a house, you will have to consider the most popular options carefully.

seam roof

This option will allow you to perform work inexpensively. The coating in this case is made of thin metal sheets. Their connection along the length is carried out by bending the folds. Such coating material is not very suitable for do-it-yourself work, since it requires certain skills and knowledge.

Installation of a seam roof is not recommended to do it yourself

When deciding what is the best way to cover the roof of a house, you should pay attention to simpler types. This option is more suitable for a professional team that will do the job quickly and efficiently.

Deciding how to cover the roof wooden house or any other? Then it is worth taking a closer look at the metal tile. It is light, so it does not create a strong load on the walls of the building and foundations. Often the material can be difficult to distinguish from natural tiles.

The metal tile on decorative properties is almost not inferior to the usual

It looks attractive, and a wide range of colors allows you to choose the best solution for any facade. A special coating is used to protect the material from corrosion. The most commonly used polymers.

Mounting

Roof finish metal tiles suitable for slopes with a slope of more than 15 degrees. Such species practically do not limit the upper limit of the slope. If the value is less than 20 degrees, you should think about waterproofing. In this case, moisture flows down the surface worse and can seep through the sheets.

When installing the roof with your own hands, you need to securely close the joints. The tile is attached to the crate. It is most often sparse. For the manufacture of the base, a board with a thickness of 32 mm is sufficient. The minimum allowable size is 25 mm, but in this case the design will work on the verge of possibilities.

The metal tile is attached to the crate

Application area

Metal roof tiles are widely used. It is suitable for a private residential building, administrative or industrial building. The material is intended for pitched roofs. Not used on flats.

Advantages and disadvantages

When deciding what is the best way to roof a private house, pay attention to the durability of the material. The metal coating can last up to 50 years. Compared with other types, the term is long. The benefits also include:

• ease of installation;
• small mass;
• you can cover the roof alone;
• does not require particularly careful handling during transportation;
• affordable price;
• a wide range of.

When installing metal tiles, a lot of waste is generated.

But such modern materials also have disadvantages. During the construction process, a lot of waste is generated, which makes up a considerable percentage of the purchased material..

In addition, any metal coating is quite noisy. Residents literally feel every drop of rain.

Decking

It is advantageous to cover the roofs of pitched roofs with a profiled sheet. This material is similar in properties to metal tile, but is cheaper. These types of material may have different markings. For the coating device, corrugated board marked H or HC is intended. Sheets marked C are intended for vertical structures, you can’t make a roof out of them. The profile brand (numerical designation) is selected depending on the load and the pitch of the rafters.

To cover the roof, you should choose a profiled sheet of grade H or HC

Mounting

The coating is designed for roofing roofs with a slope of at least 10 degrees. The overlap during installation is assigned depending on the profile parameters. Usually the overlap is 20 cm. If the slope is less than 20 degrees, the joints should be additionally protected from moisture with a sealant.

Sheets are fastened with self-tapping screws. On the square meter you will need about 8 pieces. It is acceptable to lay the material on top of the old roofing from rolled materials.

Most often, profiled sheets are used for outbuildings and industrial buildings. But now there are many colors that fit perfectly into the facade of a residential building.

Pros and cons

Choosing what material is best for a wooden house? It is not recommended to use heavy types here. Therefore, the decision on how to cover the roof of the house in favor of the profiled sheet will be beneficial. Also perfect for brick or concrete buildings.

Roof pie device from corrugated board

The benefits include:

• ease of installation;
• good bending strength under mechanical stress and loads;
• service life like a metal tile;
• low cost.

Ondulin

Ondulin roofing is a profitable solution. It is possible to close the building with such material without significant material costs. The second name of onudlin is euroslate. Sheets are made from cellulose fibers, impregnated with bitumen with polymer additives. At the end, the material is painted in two layers of heat-resistant paint, thanks to which the sheets acquire a neat and attractive appearance.

Euroslate roofing - an economical option for the construction or repair of a roof

Mounting

Onduline roof covering country house with a slope of 6° to 15° requires a continuous crate. You can use normal edged board(wood grade 3) or moisture resistant plywood. If the slope is more than 15 °, then a sparse base can be dispensed with.

The overlap of the sheets must be good - at least 30 cm. Special nails are provided for fastening.

Pros and cons

When deciding which material is best for a shed, bath or garage, you can choose ondulin with confidence. It is also suitable for a private house. But when choosing, it is worth considering that the service life of euroslate is up to 40 years, but the paint will fade earlier. The benefits include:

• waterproofing indicators;
• environmental friendliness;
• there will be no problems due to noise;
• ease of processing and cutting;
• very small weight;
• budget.

The main disadvantages of the coating include fading of paint, flammability

The disadvantages of the material are quite significant, so you should think about whether you need to cover your house with such material.. Minuses:

• combustibility;
• paint fading;
• softening of the material in sunny weather in summer (not recommended for steep slopes);
• moss growth in dark places.

Like the previous material, tiles are made using bitumen. Fit better for roofs with a slope of no more than 45 degrees, as it can soften in hot weather. Exist different types flexible tiles, depending on the pattern and color.

The angle of the roof slope for flexible tiles should be no more than 45 degrees

Mounting

You can cover the roof with a slope of 11 to 45 degrees with the material. A continuous crate should be made under the coating. To do this, use a board or moisture-resistant plywood. If the slope angle is less than 18°, it is recommended to fix an additional waterproofing layer. For fastening, a layer of bitumen with a polymer is applied to the wrong side. The option is perfect for a roof of complex shape.

Pros and cons

The benefits include:

• long service life up to 70 years;
• noiselessness;
• holds snow well, it does not slip on rough material;
• resistance to corrosion and condensation;
• high flexibility;
• reasonable value for money.

Soft tiles due to their flexibility are widely used for roofs of complex shape.

natural tile

What to make a cover for completely eco house? The best option in this case is ceramic tiles or its closest relative, cement-sand. They are able to last a century, they are safe, environmentally friendly and natural. But the significant shortcomings that do not allow the materials to return to the leading positions include:

• very large mass;
• the need for a strong and powerful foundation;
• high price.

Tiles are a beautiful, environmentally friendly, but heavy roofing material.

Rolled welding material

This option is mainly used for flat or low-slope bases.. There are several varieties from different manufacturers. Hydroizol, Stekloizol and TechnoNIKOL gained great popularity. The basis of the coating is fiberglass, fiberglass or polyester impregnated with bitumen.

Mounting

The roofing carpet is rolled out on the roof, heating part of the roll gas burner. When working on pitched roof work starts from the bottom. The overlap along the length and from the ends is prescribed at least 10 cm. For a flat roof, 2-3 layers of coating will be enough. For pitched, you will have to lay 4-5.

Mostly the coating is used for the roofs of multi-storey buildings or industrial buildings. In private construction, it is difficult to meet. For your own home, it makes sense to buy such material as a lining waterproofing layer.

Rolled welded roofing is most often mounted on flat surfaces.

Pros and cons

The benefits of this coverage include:

• ease of care;
• good resistance to moisture;
• noiselessness;
• environmental friendliness and safety for humans;
• affordable price.

The roof is a significant item in the budget for building a house. Different types of roofs are radically different in design from each other, which affects the cost of construction, which can be quite affordable or, on the contrary, cause a shock. The type of roof and the angle of inclination of its slope also affect the possibility of arranging the attic and shape the appearance of the whole house.

Different types of roofs of private houses have a configuration of varying degrees of complexity, starting from the simplest - flat and ending with complex combined structures.

Flat roof , the device of which belongs to the least complex, and, therefore, the most attractive solutions from a financial point of view. Floor elements laid on bearing walls, in fact, are the roof. Typically, a flat roof has a slight slope (up to 3%) to drain rainwater.

A pitched roof is a general concept for roofs that have inclined planes, the basis of which are rafters and sheathing. This category is presented in several versions.

A shed roof is a kind of intermediate solution between a flat and a gable roof. Relatively simple design characteristic for the construction of outbuildings and country houses. It, like a flat one, consists of one slope, but differs in the angle of inclination, as well as in a separate ceiling and roof structure. A shed roof allows you to conveniently equip the area on the second floor, which is not limited by slopes, as is the case, for example, with gable roofs, and, as a rule, provides the same amount of space as on the first floor. Recently, they are often used in big houses, where the area allows you to create multiple blocks with roofs located at different levels.

Device one pitched roof depends on the size of the building and the expected angle of inclination of the slope. Below are the most common designs:

1. Rafter construction - the rafters rest on the outer wall. This kind of wooden roof structure is simple to implement and does not create high costs. It can be performed on buildings in which the span of the walls does not exceed 6 meters.
2. Rafter construction with struts - an inclined beam strengthens and stiffens the frame. With its help, you can make a roof on a building with a span of walls up to 7 meters.
3. Truss structure with a trussed truss - this kind of roof structure can be used on roofs with a span of up to 12 m. Wooden structure additionally relies on pillars, which provide it with greater rigidity.

Gable roof

A gable roof is a structure with opposite slopes connected in a ridge. characteristic feature is the presence of triangular gables of the side walls covering the roof in planes perpendicular to the ridge. Distinguish the main types gable roofs- symmetrical (when the sections are equal and inclined at the same angle) or asymmetrical.

This design is characteristic of traditional architecture, but is also present in modern, minimalist buildings, primarily due to simplicity, which affects the convenience and reduction in construction costs. In houses where the roof slope is 35 - 45 °, an attic is usually equipped. A gable roof has many advantages, among which the most important are:

• due to the possibility of adapting the attic for residential purposes, they receive additional space;
• a simple design facilitates the construction of a house, and also allows you to easily add a garage or a shed to the building;
• a large and simple area facilitates the arrangement of the roof;
• during roofing work gable roof, there is little waste of materials, so the choice of coating is unlimited;
• this type of roof also provides effective removal snow and rain water.

It is also important for the building that, thanks to the strong slope, the ventilation between the roof and the wind insulation is much easier than in the case of other types of roofs.

The hip roof is a four-pitched structure, where two of the four slopes are trapezoid-shaped, and two more are triangles. It is these triangular slopes that are called hips, which gave the name to the design. The slopes, converging to a short ridge, are usually inclined at one angle. AT roof structure beams and double tightening are used. This design is recommended for one-story buildings, which give beautiful proportions. Despite the presence of an attic, the reasonable arrangement of the attic in this case is not an easy task. The interior design is hampered by numerous bevels. Usually, the functionality of the attic is improved by increasing the angle of inclination of the slope, but in the case of a four-slope design, little can be achieved by this. The best solution is the installation of skylights, which will visually increase the volume of the room.

A hip roof is more expensive and more difficult to implement than a gable roof. Implementation is hampered, in particular, by the angles at which the planes converge. This is a job for highly skilled roofers. Also, roofing work requires the use of solutions that increase the cost of construction. When using sheet roofing, a lot of waste remains, so it is better to use piece roofing materials, which will reduce losses. Having mounted a reinforced truss system, you can even use ceramic tiles. The hip roof has subspecies.

Semi hip roof characterized by beveled corners, and truncated triangles located on the end walls. Is good option for investors looking for a way to get rid of the monotony.

Similar designs are typical for regional architecture. They can be found, in particular, in the mountains.

The truncated triangles of the semi-hip roof reduce the surface of the roof and strengthen the edges of the frame, thereby protecting the house from strong winds. The optimal slope angle of such a roof is 35°, which allows water and snow to drain away without limiting the choice of roofing.

Installation of such a roof is simpler than a hip roof and only slightly more complicated than a gable roof. At the same time, it looks aesthetically pleasing and has a comfortable attic, in which an attic can be equipped. However, one should pay attention Special attention for careful implementation of thermal insulation at the joints of the slopes.

A hipped roof is a specific type of hip roof, which is used in buildings that have a square or regular rectangle at the base. They do not have a ridge, their slopes converge at one point, forming the so-called ridge knot. Visually, this design resembles a pyramid. Looks great as a cover for a one-story building built in classical style.

Hip roofs are often used as cover for free-standing garages, farm buildings, shops. Sometimes they are used as a cover for turrets and other elements in more architecturally complex buildings. However, it must be remembered that, although they are visually attractive, the cost of their implementation is always more than in the case of conventional gable structures.

Traditionally, a multi-gable roof is a roof formed by a variety of combinations of gable roofs. It consists of many planes of different sizes, shapes and angles. Most often they are triangular or trapezoidal, sometimes rectangular. The roof is beautifully presented, but has too many construction complications. To drain water from the entire surface, it is necessary to install additional drains and downpipes. The complex shape of the roof affects the increase in its cost. A large number of slopes is associated with a large consumption of roofing material. At least the purchase will be a significant expense a large number ribs, valleys and ridge. Big number bending also affects the increase in the weight of the roofing. This, in turn, is due to the need for a more powerful and more stable truss system. All jobs require highly skilled craftsmen. In addition, a multi-gable roof looks good on a large building standing on a large lot. In a small area, this is rather impractical - it will visually reduce the entire territory.

An example of a sloping roof is mansard roof- This is a design in which each slope consists of two parts: the upper one with a smaller angle of inclination and the lower one with a larger angle. broken roof can be two - or four-slope. This design improves operational properties attic - the usable area increases. A sloping roof most often has a lower inclined plane at an angle of 60º, and an upper one of about 30 °; layered rafters are used in the rafter system. As a roof, it is best to use flexible tiles.

The disadvantage of this option is a more complex and difficult to implement design, as well as the need for very careful preparation of the coating. Leaks may occur at fracture sites. Also, the complexity of its implementation lies, in particular, in the appropriate arrangement of the rafters. In any case, it is better to entrust the installation to specialists.

Domed and conical roofs

Domed and conical structures are associated mainly with architectural monuments. However, these types of roofs are also used in the construction of private houses, in particular on all kinds of superstructures and extensions (turrets, drums, gazebos). They are mounted over multifaceted or round structures. Rafter systems for domed and conical roofs, hanging and layered ones are used, respectively. For the arrangement of the coating, as a rule, piece roofing materials are used.

Combined roofs

The shape of the roof depends on many factors, including regional conditions and preferences, the type and purpose of the building, the landscape in which the object should be inscribed. At the same time, homeowners and developers strive for originality. This is where combined roofs come to the rescue. Most often, such structures are found in cottage villages. The bottom line is to combine several roof structures into one structure in order to achieve a certain aesthetic effect. Also, combined roofs are used in case of expansion of the building. So, for example, it can be a hip roof over a house, complemented by a shed roof over an attached veranda or winter garden.

Roof coverage is a serious issue that any developer faces. Given the variety of materials in today's construction market, it's easy to get confused when choosing. Therefore, it is necessary to be able to distinguish between the types of roofing roofs and navigate their features.

Roofing for the roof - one of the types

Roofing material is a kind of protective shell of the roof from atmospheric influences.

Modern roofing is reliable and durable, and can be made from the most different materials: from ordinary wood to trendy polymers.

Existing types of roofing can be divided into 5 main types:

• film;
• mastic;
• sheet;
• roll;
• piece.

Film (membrane) roofing it is used for the installation of public and industrial buildings with solid concrete bases and slight slopes. The advantage of such a roof is the ease of installation. Laying the film is possible even on the old roof covering.

mastic roofing applied to the base without using roll coatings. This material consists of viscous oligomeric substances, upon solidification of which a monolithic film is formed.

The mastic is ideal for working with bitumen, concrete and metal. The advantages of mastic roofing are resistance to corrosion, oxidation, low and high temperatures. The material is light and elastic.

Sheet roofing, in turn, is divided by type of material:

• slate, including artificial;
• Cink Steel;
• aluminum;
• cardboard-bitumen sheet;
• metal tile.

The main plus of sheet roofing materials is durability, a variety of colors and shapes.

Roll roofing includes bitumen and bitumen-polymer materials. They are mounted in two layers, fusing on a concrete or metal base, or glued with mastic.

Roll roofing provides resistance to frost, high temperatures and decay.

Piece roofing materials include:

• tiles - concrete, metal, ceramic;
• slate;
• tree - tes, shingles, shingles.

Appearance of ceramic tiles - photo of a roof with this type of roof

Ceramic tiles- the most popular material. It can be used for more than a hundred years, is UV resistant and perfectly absorbs noise.

Types of roofing differ in the material of manufacture, physical properties and appointment.

Soft roof

The most common roof waterproofing method today is soft roof. It is durable, attractive and can be used for different types buildings. Fiberglass is used as the basis for such a coating.

Soft roof is divided into several types:

Tiles (bituminous tiles). This material is very similar to natural tiles. However, it is flexible, which makes it easy to install such a roof. Advantages of a soft tiled roof:

• resistance to corrosion and decay;
• low thermal conductivity;
• tightness;
• the ability to use on complex roofs;
• large selection of patterns and colors.

PVC membranes. Membrane soft roof - these are sheets a meter and a half wide, laid on a double-sided adhesive material. The advantages of this coverage:

• strength;
• resistance to frost, atmospheric influences;
• vapor permeability.

Rolls. Soft roll roof- this is a carpet of many layers: roofing material, roofing felt, glassine and modern materials. Mounted by gluing to the base using burners. Roll roofing advantages:

• water resistance;
• frost resistance;
• low cost;
• ease of installation.

metal roof

The basis of a metal roof is usually sheet materials which can last up to 100 years.

Flat sheets. Such a roof is made of galvanized and non-galvanized (black) steel. Advantages of flat sheet metal roofing:

• light weight;
• the ability to mount a configuration of any complexity;
• good water flow due to smoothness;
• resistance to fire;
• ease of reconstruction;

Profiled sheet is the most popular roofing material in Russia

profiled sheets. Most often it is a corrugated sheet of galvanized steel and aluminum (aluminum slate). The advantages of this coverage:

• ease of material and installation;
• resistance to frost and corrosion.

Metal tile. This roof is a corrugated profiled sheets under natural tiles. Among the advantages of this roof:

• beautiful appearance;
• ease;
• corrosion resistance.

flat roof

A flat type roof is a flooring of layers of vapor, heat and waterproofing, gravel and an outer layer - for example, paving slabs. This coating is installed on flat slopes.

The basis for a flat roof can be wood, metal, concrete, insulation and other coatings.

Flat roof can be:

1. Unexploited. The cheapest type due to non-susceptibility to stress.
2. Operated. The most popular type. On such roofs you can install cafes, parking lots and more.
3. Traditional. Such a roof is laid on a heat-insulating layer.
4. Inversion. A rather complicated roof in installation and reconstruction: the insulation is mounted on a waterproofing layer, and geotextiles and drainage protect the insulation from external influences. Then paving slabs are laid.

Roll roofing

In the photo - a polymer-bitumen roof for the roof of a building

This multi-layer, durable coating has long been popular. Such a roof is divided into several types:

Polymer-bitumen. It consists of polypropylene and styrene-butadiene-styrene. The pluses include:

• resistance to ultraviolet and chemistry;
• service life up to 20 years.

Seam. The composition of such a roof is galvanized metal. From the pros:

• 100% tight;
• the possibility of mounting on the roof of any shape;
• silent installation.

Polymer. It is based on rubber and petroleum resins. Advantages:

• service life of more than 20 years;
• possibility of mounting on steep slopes.

bituminous. Made from oxidized bitumen.

Bituminous roofing is suitable for roofs with a slope of less than 250, subject to mandatory dismantling every 6 years.

Flexible tiles. This coating is a flat sheet based on fiberglass. Pros:

• service life of more than 50 years;
• variety of shapes and colors.

Roofing for a pitched roof

For pitched roofs, all types are used roofing: metal sheets, corrugated boards, almost all types of tiles.

Photo of a roof with cement-sand tiles - the most durable tiles in existence

The best roofs for a pitched roof are:

• ondulin - easy to install;
• shingles - cheap and durable material;
• cement-sand tiles - the leader in terms of service life and reliability;
• metal tile - a material with several types of shapes and dozens of colors.

Roofing for a flat roof

Roofing materials used for flat roofs are distinguished by reliability, ease of installation and maintenance, incombustibility and other qualities. The components of such a roof depend on its type:

• traditional (soft) consists of a carrier plate, heat and vapor barrier (usually mineral wool), a waterproofing layer made of bitumen-containing materials;
• operated has a rigid base (for example, concrete screed or corrugated board) and high-strength insulation.

Unexploited flat roof - appearance

Video

From the video you will learn how to choose the most economical roofing for the roof of a private house - a real experience from an expert.

The construction market does not stand still. Constantly developing and including cutting-edge materials in its assortment, it offers the consumer various types of roofing for use on any buildings: from industrial skyscrapers to small country houses.