Log houses / 17.11.2019

The most reliable septic tank for a private home. Which septic tank to choose: rating of the best wastewater treatment stations. Selection by operating principle

Which is better to choose a septic tank for your dacha? This is not an idle question. Equipping a private home or cottage with a sewer system becomes a problem for many owners. After all, many cottage and holiday villages simply do not have the ability to connect to centralized system waste disposal. But there is a fairly simple solution to this problem - a septic tank for a dacha or a private house, and for small plot A mini-septic tank model is suitable.

You can choose a septic tank for your home based on reviews or technical specifications, photos and video instructions. But it’s best to choose several septic tanks, based on technical specifications, and choose a specific model based on customer reviews and photos.

What it is?

A septic tank is an autonomous treatment facility for liquid waste, which is installed on a private plot with both low and high groundwater. I have septic tanks various designs and different powers. Installing a septic tank can ensure full functionality of toilets, showers and bathtubs, sinks, as well as all necessary household appliances (washing and dishwashers). If this is not required, then a mini-septic tank model is quite suitable.

A septic tank for a house with high groundwater is an optimal alternative to the familiar cesspool. After all, use it when modern materials and technology is a crime against oneself and the environment. Unlike a septic tank, it is harmful to the environment, violates all hygiene standards, and besides, it also has a constant strong bad smell. But the installation of a septic tank on summer cottage save you from these problems. You can buy a septic tank for your dacha without pumping, then it requires almost no maintenance.

A septic tank can be either factory-made or home-made. However, reviews of homemade septic tanks indicate some negligence of some authors in the proposed operating schemes for septic tanks. Right choice septic tank and high-quality installation guarantees long and uninterrupted operation of the sewerage system for a period of at least 10 years.

Advantages of septic tanks for summer cottages:

They are easy to install:
Eco-friendly:
Do not require special operating costs;
The cost of their installation is relatively low;
They guarantee a high level of wastewater treatment thanks to the anaerobic process;
The variety of models allows you to choose a septic tank for both a small country house and a large one. country cottage or residential complex;
Suitable for installation in any climate zone, even in areas with high groundwater;
When installed correctly they are reliable and durable.

Principle of operation

There are several types of septic tanks for a summer residence, but they all work on a similar principle - it is a large tank divided into several chambers. The chambers are equipped with filters and each of them undergoes a certain cleaning stage:

Physical cleaning, which separates large debris;
Sedimentation of wastewater in a settling tank;
Decomposition of organic waste;
Anaerobic treatment;
Removal of generated gas;
Filtration and clarification of wastewater.

All this allows you to purify wastewater to very high levels (up to 98%), although for some models it is necessary to additionally install aeration fields. But there are septic tanks for dachas without pumping, which guarantee a high degree of water purification with minimal costs, but they can hardly be called budget. And this, judging by the reviews and photos, is a very expensive procedure.

Types of septic tank

Which is the best septic tank for a summer residence? After all, comfortable living in the country depends on this. There are several criteria by which septic tanks are classified. This is the design, operating principle and material of manufacture. Well, let’s not forget about reviews and photo reports from specific users. They will give you an idea about practical use septic tanks

According to the principle of operation, septic tanks are:

Cumulative. They represent one large reservoir in which wastewater is collected and settled before pumping. This is the design most often chosen to create a homemade septic tank.

A storage septic tank for a summer residence has a number of advantages:

Low cost. Some craftsmen assemble it from available materials, such as tires;
Easy to install;
Suitable for areas with high groundwater;
Autonomy.

But the disadvantages of this septic tank for a dacha still outweigh, judging, again, by reviews:

Suitable for sandy soil only;
Not designed for salvo water discharges;
Small volume;
Septic tanks without pumping are expensive;
Regular pumping is required;
The need to often resort to the services of sewer cleaners;
Most often it has an unpleasant odor.

Anaerobic septic tanks for summer cottages with infiltration fields. This is a large tank, divided into several small sections, where the waste goes through several stages of purification until the organic waste is completely decomposed. In this case, the wastewater is purified to 75%. Since this indicator is quite low, it is necessary to additionally install the system in anaerobic fields. Analyzing the reviews, we note that these septic tanks have no fundamental disadvantages, except for the high cost of septic tanks without pumping.

Aerobic septic tanks for summer cottages. This type of septic tank guarantees wastewater purification up to 98% thanks to anaerobic bacteria that completely decompose all waste, and the filter system completely purifies and clarifies the water. Often such septic tanks are equipped with additional pumps, air vents and air compressors. Most models are septic tanks without pumping. This is the most expensive, but at the same time the most effective type of septic tank for a summer residence. And judging by the reviews and photo reports, this is their main drawback.

You can also classify septic tanks for a summer residence according to the following criteria: factory-made or home-made, autonomous or energy-dependent, underground or above-ground, requiring pumping and not.

Material of manufacture

Which septic tank to choose based on the material of manufacture. Three types of containers are most often used to construct a septic tank:

Plastic. Lightweight and durable tanks that are easy to install and maintain. Their service life is quite long and correct installation and will last up to 50 years in use. Installation of small models does not require the use of special equipment. There are septic tanks without pumping and with a storage tank. But the low weight of the structure is also a disadvantage - the septic tank can “float” to the ground surface when the temperature rises groundwater. Reviews indicate that because of this, such septic tanks cannot be installed in places where groundwater reaches the surface. Or, in order to avoid the septic tank from “floating up” under the influence of rising groundwater, it is concreted or “anchored” using special belts. So this is not the best option for a septic tank for a dacha with high level groundwater.
Concrete. A good type of simple and durable septic tank for a summer residence. The structure is very durable, does not corrode, but is heavy. There are two options for constructing the device. The first is the installation of ready-made factory concrete rings using construction equipment. The second is pouring concrete into the finished formwork and gradually erecting the structure. This is the best option for a septic tank for a dacha with high groundwater.
Metal. They have a relatively small mass, which makes installation very easy, and are reasonably priced necessary equipment make them quite popular among developers. But they also have the disadvantage of a very high probability of corrosion due to anaerobic processes, the service life of the device is greatly reduced. Suitable for areas with high groundwater.

Device, circuits

Which septic tank to choose according to the arrangement scheme? There are many variations of septic tanks for summer cottages, ranging from a homemade septic tank made from used tires to very complex multi-stage cleaning models from various manufacturers.

Any septic tank design for a summer residence consists of several chambers:

loading container for waste;
additional cleaning chambers with filters and an anaerobic chamber.

Storage tanks and aeration fields are often additionally used.

To equip summer cottages or houses where 3-4 people live, mini-septic tanks for summer cottages are most often used, that is, models that are designed to process 0.7-2 cubic meters Wastewater. Such mini-septic tanks have a number of advantages:

mini dimensions, which makes installation simple;
a factory mini-septic tank is most often inexpensive;
build a mini-septic tank with my own hands much cheaper than buying a finished product;
operation of a mini-septic tank is economical;
There are mini anaerobic, storage and infiltration models;
the mini-septic tank is very easy to maintain;
Installing a mini-septic tank can be easily done by just a couple of people without the use of construction equipment.

Buying a large septic tank only makes sense when people live in the house a large number of people, and a mini-septic tank for a summer residence is an ideal option if you only visit the site on weekends. But such models require additional strengthening in areas with high groundwater.

Calculation

Choosing a suitable septic tank for your dacha is a difficult matter. After all, the life support system of the entire house or cottage depends on this. In order for the choice to be successful, it is necessary first of all to accurately calculate the operating mode of the sewerage system and the volume of wastewater.

It is these parameters that determine the characteristics of a septic tank for a summer residence, which are worth paying attention to. You also need to decide - is an autonomous or energy-independent sump tank model suitable for you, or will a septic tank connected to the mains suit you?

For example, 3 people live in a dacha, which means that the volume of the septic tank must be at least 600 liters. If you count on guests, then even a little more. And for the correct operation of the entire system, protection against volley discharges and to ensure the operation of household appliances, this number must be multiplied by 3 again, that is, 600x3, and we get a number of 1800 liters per day. On in this example it can be seen that in most cases it is enough to install a mini-septic tank rather than a large-sized model.

Popular manufacturers

Our market offers a wide selection of septic tanks for summer cottages from various manufacturers. The most popular of them are the brands Topas, Eurobion, Topol, Tank, which offer autonomous sewer systems made of plastic.

Their products include a wide range of models of varying capacities - both small septic tanks for country houses with a wastewater volume of 1000 liters, and large tanks for hotels and large residential complexes. According to the principle of operation - anaerobic and aerobic. They also differ in cost - the most affordable are the Tank systems, and the most expensive are Topas. But all of them have proven themselves well among the owners of private houses, cottages and summer cottages. In the photo you can see their dimensions and shape.

Help in choosing

Before purchasing or installing a septic tank for your dacha, you need to resolve several issues:

optimal volume of the structure. Using the form presented above, it is necessary to calculate the amount of wastewater. If the dacha does not have a shower and a bathroom, then one hundred liters can be subtracted from the total volume of waste water.;
installation location. The optimal shape of the septic tank depends on this. For small country houses it is recommended to choose vertical models. But remember that the sump cannot be located close to ponds and buildings;
budget. The quality and functionality of the sewage system and the installation method depend on it. Certainly, optimal solution will be the purchase of a ready-made structure with the deepest degree of cleaning and installation of it on a turnkey basis. But this is not advisable for houses with seasonal residence of a small number of people.

Remember that a septic tank for a summer residence differs in functional tasks from a septic tank in a private house. The dacha sewer system must solve the following issues:

it must be designed for periodic volley discharges of wastewater;
Country sewerage must be suitable for seasonal conservation for the autumn-winter period.

Prices for septic tanks

In search of an answer to which septic tank to choose for a summer residence, many buyers pay attention to the price of the septic tank. How to buy a high-quality septic tank without paying extra money?

The average price of a small mini-septic tank of simple design for a dacha is about 20,000 rubles, more complex models They cost higher depending on the volume and model. The price for complex sewer systems with aeration is about 150,000 rubles.

Like any other product, septic tanks are presented in huge quantities on our market, you can go to the store or look at the photo in the catalog. The varieties of designs and models, their price range is very wide, and sometimes it is very difficult for a non-specialist to figure out which septic tank is best to choose. In this case, you need to take into account your own capabilities and budget, and do not forget about the ratio of cost and quality.

Wanting to buy inexpensively, many summer residents prefer to install a septic tank for their home with their own hands rather than buy a factory-made system. In this case, a concrete septic tank for a house will cost 20-30 thousand rubles.

The most inexpensive septic tanks are storage and homemade, and the most expensive are models with several stages of processing and aeration that do not require regular pumping. But which one is better - everyone must decide for themselves - after all, it is not always advisable to install an expensive septic tank for small dacha where no one lives permanently.

the price of all consumables;
price installation work, if there is a need to attract hired workers.

To determine which is the best septic tank to purchase, and inexpensively, you need to study the assortment of stores and manufacturers’ catalogs. Here are some examples of prices at which you can buy septic tanks, and their photos can be viewed on the manufacturer’s website:

“Bionic” with a volume of 1.5 m³ will cost 38,000 rubles;
“Tver” with a volume of 2 m³ - 70 thousand rubles;
“Tank-1” with a volume of 1 m³ -17,000 rubles;
"Triton" 2000 l. – 24,000.

Living in a dacha allows you not only to take a break from the bustle of the city, but also to enjoy nature, clean air, find peace. But so that nothing interferes with a good rest, you have to take care of the amenities of civilization - water supply, electricity and sewerage, right?

Are you trying to figure out how to choose a septic tank for your dacha so as not to overpay or make a mistake? We will help you in this matter - our article discusses the types of septic tanks, their structural and functional differences. After all, to choose the optimal recycler, it is advisable to get acquainted with the existing options.

Manufacturers of sewerage equipment offer a variety of options designed to make suburban life easier.

Equipment options include both simple and inexpensive models and quite complex biological wastewater treatment plants.

It is quite difficult to choose just one, especially if the dacha owner is faced with this issue for the first time.

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Owners of any country house Those organizing an autonomous sewage system have to solve the problem of which septic tank is better. The fact is that designs of this type are available for sale in a wide variety, which imposes a certain complexity on choosing the appropriate option.

Essence of the question

A septic tank is a waterproof container that includes one or more compartments (chambers). Like any other design, the treatment plant also has its own characteristics. When deciding which septic tank to choose, you have to study the freely available options and understand how they work. This will make it possible to make the right decision in favor of one model or another.

Material of manufacture

Several criteria are used to classify septic tanks.

One of them is the type of material used:

Reinforced concrete rings. These finished structures are characterized by good reliability and resistance to corrosion. The disadvantages of the products include their large mass, which implies the use of special mechanisms for installation.
Monolithic concrete. Structures of this type are constructed locally by pouring concrete mortar, for which the formwork is first laid. Concrete is prepared at the work site, or ordered from the nearest reinforced concrete plant.
Brick or foam blocks. To do this, the bottom and walls of the excavated pit undergo intensive sealing with clay mortar or modern coating materials. Masonry is carried out traditional way, with offset rows.
Steel containers. They are characterized by low cost and excellent resistance to mechanical loads. A serious disadvantage of steel products is their tendency to rust, which requires additional waterproofing work.
Polymer materials . This type of septic tank for a private home is lightweight and belongs to budget options. However, at low temperatures the polymer becomes brittle and begins to crack. In addition, structures of this type are often damaged by rodents.
Fiberglass. These durable, lightweight models are chemical resistant, making them practical and durable.

Regardless of what the home septic tank is made of permanent residence, it is important to pay attention to its strength and tightness. Under no circumstances should internal waste flow into environment.

Purpose

According to the specific function they perform, septic tanks for country houses and cottages are divided into three groups:

Cumulative. Structures of this type consist of a durable sealed container or paired communicating wells. A feature of the maintenance of storage septic tanks is the need for constant pumping of wastewater. To do this, you need to order a special machine with a barrel and a compressor.
Septic tanks. The complexes include ground treatment modules. Without them, the degree of waste purification does not exceed 70-75%. Sedimentation tanks include one or several compartments. Recycling of accumulations involves separating liquids from solids. All this is accompanied by fermentation, for which anaerobes are introduced into the liquid.
Deep biological treatment modules. These autonomous septic tanks for a private home consist of a set of compartments, which allows for the gradual chemical, biological and mechanical decomposition of waste. Organic residues are so harmless that they can be discharged directly into a body of water or soil. Read also: "Autonomous sewage system for a private house - types, device features, selection rules."

When comparing septic tanks for a country house, first of all they pay attention to the most simple designs accumulative type. Their functioning is based on the gradual separation of waste trapped inside. As a result, more massive inclusions move to the bottom, and liquid effluent rises. The operation of settling tanks is also based on the natural separation of insoluble inclusions from water: this is called the settling process.

To bring the separated liquid to a safe state, septic tanks for cottages are equipped with infiltrators. In appearance, these are containers without a bottom, acting like aeration platforms. After waste enters the infiltrators, they are further cleaned. Further, in transit through the soil filter, the liquid is removed to the outside.

Choosing a deep cleaning septic tank involves the use of a complex technique that provokes the gradual decomposition of waste. First, solid particles precipitate, then organic substances undergo bioprocessing. Next, the chemical module and the final cleaning filter are switched on. A comparison of septic tanks shows that only deep cleaning units are capable of bringing the degree of purification to 95-98%. After clarification and antiseptic treatment, the processed masses are allowed to be released into the environment.

Optimal options

When choosing a septic tank for a country house, you need to focus on certain criteria. First of all, they pay attention to the specifics of the home and the needs of the people living in it. The price of the device depends on the material it is made of, the capacity and number of design modules, the type of wastewater treatment technology used, and the use of additional devices.

What types of septic tanks are there for a private home by type of design and additional equipment:

With compressors and drainage pumps.
With filters and float level gauges.
With automatic control devices.

Compressors are part of biological treatment complexes. Their task is to supply oxidizing oxygen flows to support the life of aerobes. Drainage pumps stimulate the movement of wastewater inside the septic tank. They are also used to remove purified liquid in cases where the main complex is located below the discharge point.

Why factory models are better than homemade ones

To save money, some owners of suburban areas use tires, bricks or concrete rings to make septic tanks. To build such a structure, you have to spend a lot of time and effort. With your own hands you can build not only the simplest storage tanks, but also modular purifiers consisting of a series of interconnected settling tanks. This makes it possible to achieve fairly good water clarification.

However, from the point of view of practicality and efficiency, the best septic tank for a permanent home is still a factory design. As a rule, products of this type are certified to comply with construction and environmental requirements.

Soil characteristics and depth of groundwater passage

In the process of searching for the best septic tank for a country house, it is necessary to take into account the geological features of the area. For example, treatment facilities in combination with an infiltrator or absorption shaft require the passage of groundwater 1 m below the cut of the potential bottom of the groundwater treatment complex. Discharge of purified liquid into the surrounding area is permitted only if there is a layer of sand, gravel or pebbles below the post-treatment system. These can also be sandy plastic soils.

Apply post-treatment to clay soils it makes no sense. The fact is that the degree of water absorption by clay, loams and hard soils is almost at zero level. As a result, the drainage into the soil will stop, and the septic tank itself will fill with water. In such a situation, additional water supply is usually used, discharging wastewater into ditches or centralized communications. In the case of groundwater close to the surface of the earth, the use of autonomous treatment complexes encounters great difficulties. This also applies to areas where, during spring snowmelt or heavy rains The groundwater level is rising sharply.

There are the following types of septic tanks for dachas with a high groundwater level:

Sealed storage tanks. As they fill, it is necessary to pump out and remove wastewater.
VOCs. Pumps are used to pump purified liquid.

When selecting a septic tank for an area with a high level of groundwater, the cheapest option is to purchase a polymer container. It provides biological treatment and further withdrawal of liquid into the storage tank.

For emptying storage capacity two options are used. If there is a central sewer line nearby, wastewater can be pumped into it using a pump. In other cases, you have to invite sewage trucks to pump out. To do this, it is necessary to arrange in advance a convenient access to the location of the tank.

Characteristics of a septic tank

To determine the volume of the receiving block or section, it is necessary to start from the average daily rate of wastewater per resident. At the same time, they are guided by daily consumption with a standard set of plumbing fixtures - 200 l/1 person. As modern standards state, the wastewater storage tank must be capable of receiving a three-day volume from each person. If there are four people in a family, the capacity of the septic tank is calculated as 4x200x3 = 2.4 m3. For those houses where guests are often received, the volume of the receiving capacity must be increased by 20-30%.

Modern factory-made septic tanks for a private home are usually marked with an indication of the number of people they are able to serve. The optimal depth of the container is considered to be 1.5-3 m. In cases where a container of greater depth is used, additional obstacles may appear when pumping out accumulations of contents with a sewer truck.

Performance level

To choose the best septic tank for a country house that would not fail and work flawlessly, you need to take into account the type of home and the performance of the device:

Seasonal accommodation. At those dachas that are intended exclusively for holidays on weekends and during the warm season, there is no point in installing expensive treatment facilities consisting of several chambers. The best option for cases where the average daily volume of waste does not exceed 1 m 3 are single-chamber septic tanks of small capacity. The weight of compact complexes is quite small. This facilitates their transportation and installation activities for deepening into the pit. It is quite possible to carry out such work independently, without involving special equipment.
Permanent residence. If Vacation home intended for year-round use, it is recommended to use complex septic tanks for permanent residence 4 5. A good option are settling tanks equipped with ground treatment. This primarily applies to areas with low groundwater levels. To ensure good efficiency of individual sewerage, it is recommended to use aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in its operation. They are introduced into containers, which leads to “eating” of organic matter. Thanks to the use of biological decomposition of wastewater, waste products are brought to the state of industrial water.

It is best to install deep cleaning modules in those dachas near which there are natural bodies of water. The fact is that after the deep purification procedure, the wastewater is so safe that it is allowed to be discharged into rivers and lakes.

Domestic models

Russian manufacturers produce autonomous septic tanks for country houses for several decades now. During this period, a number of companies specializing in similar products appeared. Some models simply duplicate imported septic tanks from leading European brands. But in most cases we are talking about truly unique developments for filtering wastewater.

The names of domestically produced septic tanks that are most popular:

Eurobion. The product of many years of development by leading engineers of the Yubas production association. Complexes of this type incorporate innovative membranes manufactured using unique technology. Thanks to the use of a rhythmic aeration tank, the complexes can be used during long-term downtime of the sewerage system.
Poplar. The manufacturer of this reliable septic tank is the Eco-Grand company. The device is characterized by very high-quality cleaning (up to 99%). Thanks to the introduction of original production schemes that provide access to the primary chamber, the procedure for servicing the departments was simplified. To remove large sewage waste, you do not need the help of specialists.
Aster. Complexes from the Unilos brand, capable of achieving a level of purification from harmful inclusions of up to 75%. The company is represented on the market with several developments designed for different numbers of consumers. To additionally equip the module, a compressor is used, which makes it possible to carry out filtration in several stages. After passing through all stages of treatment, wastewater can be discharged into the environment.
Tank. Brand of septic tanks from the Triton-Plastic company. The model line of this manufacturer consists of devices of various capacities, from compact tanks with a capacity of 600 l/day, to powerful stations with a capacity of 1200 l/day. Their characteristics coincide with those of standard multi-stage complexes for processing waste products.
Triton. This product also belongs to the Triton-plastic company. There are several modifications of this development on the market. They are distinguished by the shape of the tanks and cleaning methods. Models in the “micro” and “mini” categories have a capacity of 450 and 750 liters, and storage tanks marked “H” and “T” are designed for processing wastewater in volumes of 10,000 liters or more.
Tver. Septic tank with pumping for a private home from the brand " Engineering equipment" An integrated approach includes the use of both mechanical and biological methods. The modular line has a four-level method for clarifying waste products. The station's productivity is at the level of 750-1500 m 3 / day.
Topas. Models of this type are characterized by low electrical energy consumption. Thanks to the use of four sections, the degree of wastewater purification reaches 98%.

In the process of solving the problem of which septic tank to choose for a private home, it is recommended to pay attention to the products of the Triton-Plastic company. They are distinguished by the significant thickness of the body walls and the use of stiffeners. As a result, the structure is able to resist large external influences. This is very valuable, taking into account the climate realities of some Russian regions, with their characteristic frost heaving of the soil and sharp temperature changes. Such structures are protected from floating during spring snowmelt, when the groundwater level rises sharply. When installing structures of this type, you do not need to use special concrete and metal weighting materials.

One of the best septic tanks for a home is considered to be the development of the Leader production association. We are talking about a whole complex consisting of polypropylene sections: three-stage filtration is used inside this type of equipment. We are talking about mechanical, aerobic and biofiltration treatment, which makes it possible to discharge liquid into natural reservoirs.

Among the most popular septic tanks, the Rostok treatment plants from the EcoProm company stand out. This company has long specialized in the manufacture of anaerobic complex stations, and has achieved a lot of success in this field. However, it is worth considering that these devices are able to produce a waste purity level of 65-70%. To bring wastewater to levels acceptable for discharge into the environment, it is recommended to use drainage tunnels.

Each of the septic tanks mentioned in this review has a set of individual characteristics, which allows the buyer to choose the most optimal option for themselves. In addition to tank volume, productivity and cleaning method great importance has the cost of treatment plants. Another great advantage of factory-made complexes is the possibility of completing them by connecting additional modules. This stimulates an increase in the volume and productivity of the treatment complex.

Bottom line

If there is no centralized sewage system in a private house, there is only one way out - to acquire an autonomous wastewater disposal system. There is no clear answer to the question of which septic tank is the best. Much depends on the purpose of the house and the number of people living in it. Thus, for permanent residences, it is advisable to use full-fledged treatment facilities with a multi-stage filtration system. The wastewater that passes through such a complex is allowed to be discharged into the nearest reservoir or ditch.

As for seasonal dachas, when searching for which septic tank to choose for a private home, it is recommended to pay attention to the simplest septic tanks. To save money, such structures, reminiscent of cesspools, are equipped by the owners of the dacha. For this, concrete rings, bricks or waste tires are most often used. However, the most reliable septic tanks are considered to be factory-made models made of fiberglass, which are not afraid of frost heaving and spring floods.

There are many types of autonomous sewers. But what is the best septic tank for a dacha or country house for a particular family to choose is often unclear. Each type of VOC has its own advantages. Plus, there are a huge number of factory models with their own distinctive advantages. However, installing something on personal plot necessary. Without treatment plant comfortable living outside the city there is no need to talk.

Description and principle of operation of septic tanks

A septic tank is designed for the accumulation and partial or complete processing of sewage from a house. Such structures are installed at dachas for temporary stays and near cottages where a family of several people lives all year round. Accordingly, the type and productivity of the treatment plant is selected based on the number of residents and the intensity of their use of the intra-house sewerage system.

When sewage enters the septic tank, these waters are settled (clarified), and then drained into the ground or pumped out by vacuum cleaners. This is how the normal one works cesspool with anaerobic bacteria. If you are improving your dacha, then such a simple cesspool is ideal for it.

In more advanced biological stations with deep cleaning, aerobic microorganisms are used, which are supplied with an additional volume of air inside the septic tank using a compressor. This way they eat organic matter much faster.

Choosing the type of septic tank

All variations of septic tanks are divided into:

Cumulative;

Anaerobic;

Aerobic.

In the first case, the treatment facility is a sealed tank of the simplest design for accumulating wastewater. For their subsequent pumping, a sewage disposal machine is then used.

Storage tank "Rostok"

Two-chamber septic tank “Tank”

The third option is full-fledged stations that process sewage by 95–99%. The water coming out of them has a technical condition, which allows it to be used for watering the garden in the country or washing a car in the garage near the house.

Autonomous cleaning station "Topas"

Drives and most of anaerobic septic tanks are energy-independent structures. They do not have pumps or compressors; all water flows inside occur by gravity. They do not require electricity to operate. If the water supply for a country house is organized from a well or centrally, then this option is simply ideal for a cottage.

Aerobic septic tanks are stations that depend on uninterrupted power supply. They have better wastewater treatment rates. But aerators pumping air into the chamber with activated sludge require constant power from the electrical network.

For a summer residence, it is best to choose a septic tank of the first or second type. Such VOCs are cheaper to implement, easier to maintain and do not depend on power supply. But for full-fledged private houses outside the city, it is worth choosing an aerobic station. A large family of wastewater produces a lot; a cesspool or an anaerobic plant cannot cope with significant daily volumes.

For the manufacture of septic tanks the following is used:

Reinforced concrete.

The best septic tanks for dachas are considered to be factory-made anaerobic models with a polyethylene body. They clean drains quite effectively, take up little space and do not require electricity. Plus you can put them right next to country house. Moreover, it does not matter whether a screw or pile-strip foundation was used for its construction.

Moisture from such VOCs will not have much impact on this base. Such a septic tank is sealed, and the infiltrator or drainage well can be moved away from the building. In such a situation, when building a house, it is even allowed to use gas silicate blocks, which really do not like high humidity.

Selection by performance and volume of septic tank

Septic tanks for dachas and cottages are selected based on calculations of water consumption by people living in the house. If you know how much waste is discharged into the sewer per day, then making a choice in favor of one or another structure will not be difficult. For all factory-made models, the passport indicates their total volume, salvo discharge and daily productivity.

When fully calculating the volume of wastewater discharged into the sewer according to all the rules, it is necessary to take into account all the plumbing fixtures in the residential building. Each of them has its own average rate of water drainage per day. For example, about 0.1 l/day is drained from the toilet into the septic tank, 0.15–0.2 from the kitchen sink or bathtub, and about 0.14 l/day from the shower stall. It is necessary to add up the consumption of all the plumbing installed in the home - this will be the total volume of waste water per person.

Model range "Termite" in various volumes

Similar accurate calculations often produced only by designers. To simplify calculations, it is customary to provide a minimum of 150 and a maximum of 200 liters per day for each person. A septic tank for a summer residence is usually calculated according to the minimum level, and for a house with permanent residence - according to the maximum.

After determining the daily volume, it is multiplied by 3 (three days). It is within three days that the sewage in the septic tank is completely processed. Based on this obtained figure, it will be possible to choose which specific station in terms of volume is best installed on your site.

Choosing a manufacturer of septic tanks for a summer residence

It is impossible to say unequivocally which septic tanks for a dacha should be purchased here and now directly in the store. The range of ready-made stations from the factory is extensive. Some are cheaper in terms of VOC price, others are easier to install, and others are optimally suited in terms of volume for a specific situation.

Among domestic manufacturers, stations from:

GC "TOPOL-ECO" – various models"Topas".

"Triton Plastic" - "Tank", "Microbe Mini" and "BioTank".

PC "Multplast" - "Termite" and "Ergobox".

"SBM-Group" - "Unilos" with modifications "Astra", "Kedr" and "Mega".

Septic tanks for dachas from these manufacturers occupy the lion's share of the Russian VOC market. Owners often speak of their products as if they were their own. best choice. The range of these factories includes both anaerobic non-volatile models and more productive aerobic models with pumps. Among them there are modifications not only for standard soils, but also for areas with high groundwater level.

Of the foreign manufacturers, only the Finnish “Uponor” is worth mentioning. If the dacha is located in the North-West of the Russian Federation and preference is given to imports, then it will be difficult to find a better septic tank. This company offers several solutions for different numbers of people living in the cottage. There is plenty to choose from. Here it is: there are domestic and imported products on the market. The choice is solely at the discretion of the buyer.

Which septic tank to choose for your cottage or home?

You can make a septic tank for your dacha yourself from brick, iron barrel or concrete rings. This is the most cheap option. But it is much easier to take a ready-made treatment facility from the factory, which only needs to be installed in a pre-dug pit. And if you have money and want European quality, then you can order a cleaning station made in Finland. The choice is extensive, it all depends only on the excellent preferences of the cottage owner.

Exterior view of a septic tank on a dacha site

A practical and successful option for installing a sewer system on your site - a septic tank - is a type of treatment facility that allows you to clean and dispose of wastewater. How to choose the right septic tank for a private home? The owner of a country home usually, when choosing a design, pays attention to its price and performance. The last factor will determine how effectively the product fulfills its purpose. The variety of these treatment facilities in the modern market will make even the most sophisticated consumer in these matters confused. Local installation, included in sewer system and is used to collect, settle and purify contaminated water from the home. For an ordinary country house they come in the following types:

Filling type - the structure can be made independently, using concrete rings, a Eurocube, etc.;

Sedimentation tanks with post-treatment through the ground;

Installations for deep cleaning.

When choosing optimal option For a septic tank, you should also pay attention to the material of its manufacture, the type of soil where it will be installed, and the purpose of the home (for stationary or seasonal living).

Types of septic tanks for a country house

Previously, when the production of plastic septic tanks was not so widespread, reinforced concrete structures, which were installed in stages, were more popular. Also used cleaning systems made of metal. Today, wastewater treatment most often occurs using ready-made plastic installations. These products are reliable and durable. A high level of sealing ensures environmental safety of the installations. Depending on the performance characteristics they are classified according to different criteria.

By filtration type
By material
By shape
By location

What to consider when choosing a septic tank

In order to choose and buy the right septic tank for a country house or a dwelling located in the private sector, you should take into account the purpose of the room itself.

Best option: resume

To choose the right septic tank for a country house, you should take into account all the recommendations and carry out necessary calculations. The current budget also matters, because some types are more expensive, but are not always a viable construction option in a particular situation. An optimally selected design model will guarantee environmental safety and cleanliness of the soil, and timely maintenance of the tank and pumping out wastewater (if provided for in the instructions) will extend its service life for a long time. The best option a sewer tank will allow for the construction of a high-quality sewer system on the site and will significantly improve the living conditions in a private house.

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The most reliable septic tank for a private home. Which septic tank to choose: rating of the best wastewater treatment stations. Selection by operating principle