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Having decided to build his own house, the future owner proceeds to choose a project in accordance with his ideas and capabilities. Everyone is more or less familiar with traditional solutions in the form of a house made of bricks, blocks or logs, but not every potential developer represents what SIP panels are for building a house.

SIP is a kind of “sandwich” with a “filling” of insulation and “bread” of OSB panels

A bit of history

What are SIP panels, what is it and where did they come from? Structural insulating panels (SIP) have long been known as the main constituent element of the house by " Canadian technology or as a "Canadian miracle". Implementation of the idea of ​​affordability and rapid housing construction using the lung assembly method load-bearing structures does not belong to the Canadians, but to the American F.L. Wright. In the 30s of the last century, the first houses were built, and then, after practical developments, a material called SIP panels (Structural Insulated Panel) gained recognition in the rest of the world.

A simple solution that led to a sharp increase in the quality of the material came to engineers only in 1982, when scientists developed the technology of safe and inexpensive expanded polystyrene insulation (EPS) and found a way to make durable wood chip boards (OSB). Prior to this, panels were made from sheets of plywood with filling the space between them with mineral or glass wool and other not very effective materials.

The house is built from panels of various sizes.

7 undeniable advantages of SIP panels

The cost of SIP panels in high-quality factory performance is quite high, but in general, the construction and further operation of the house is inexpensive due to a number of advantages:

Savings on heating at home - SIP panels have heat saving characteristics that are many times higher than the capabilities of brick or stone.

Short construction time.

The use of a lightweight foundation with significant savings in the cost of its construction

No need for heavy equipment at all stages of construction.

Easy to assemble structures, reduce labor costs.

Durability and lightweight construction.

Ideally flat surface of the material allows you to perform finishing work from any materials with minimal preparation.

Construction panel, lightweight, but with load-bearing characteristics higher than that of wood. SIP consists of two oriented strand boards with a layer of expanded polystyrene insulation glued between them.

What materials does the SIP panel consist of?

Depending on various factors in construction, different SIP panels are used, the dimensions of which may vary:

standard SIP panel: length x width = 2.5 x 0.6-1.5 m, with maximum dimensions weight 56 ​​kg;

thickness of load-bearing external walls 150-200 mm;

partitions internal thickness 50-70 mm;

thickness of panels for roofs and ceilings 100-200 mm.

Structural qualities of OSB

OSB (Oriented Strand Board) or OSB is the first wood-based board created specifically for construction purposes.

The oriented slab is named for the peculiarity of the location of the chips, the length of which does not exceed 140 mm. and the width is 0.6 mm. It is laid in a slab in three layers, two outer ones parallel to the length, and the inner one - perpendicularly. As a result of such a layout of chips: increased flexural strength and elasticity along the axis of the product.

Binder resins and flame retardant treatments provide the material with characteristics that exceed those of natural wood. Bonding of OSB and expanded polystyrene takes place under a pressure of at least 18 tons.

The result is a one-piece, robust construction with excellent performance and installation properties.

One and two-storey houses this is not the limit for SIP panels

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects of houses from SIP panels from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

From SIP panels you can build a house with three or more floors

Understanding what SIP panels are for building a house, you should pay attention to the positive properties of the plates:

resistance to changes in humidity and temperature environment;

ease of processing;

the ability to hold fasteners is identical to wood;

environmental properties do not differ much from the standard - wood;

does not change properties during prolonged exposure to water; when dried, it restores its original properties;

has high soundproofing performance;

protects a heater from influence of steam and penetration of rodents.

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of building houses from SIP panels. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Video description

In this issue, we will take a closer look at common mistakes when building a house from sip panels. Sip house is the same frame house, but inside with a wooden skeleton, inside of which are laid panels. What should the frame of the house be made of? How to know the moisture content of a material? About all this: in the next video?

Types of slabs for structural panels

There are several types of OSB panels:

OSB-1: for the production of furniture, upholstery and packaging using in conditions with normal humidity;

OSB-2: for load-bearing structures of rooms with low humidity;

OSB-3: for structures operated in difficult and wet conditions;

OSB-4: for structures that are operated in extreme conditions.

Types of OSB-boards - characteristics of moisture protection and strength

Styrofoam

In OSB, manufactured in the factory, mainly use expanded polystyrene insulation. The characteristics of the PPS correspond to all the norms and requirements of sanitary and epidemiological supervision and fire safety criteria, it is characterized by:

low water absorption;

vapor permeability;

immunity to mold, fungi;

low specific gravity;

long-term operation.

In the construction of houses, self-extinguishing materials are used that do not burn independently, without the presence of an extraneous source of flame, for more than 4 seconds. In the marking, such materials are supplemented with the letter C, for example: PPS-125-S

Characteristics of Styrofoam compared to Styrofoam

Cons of SIP: far-fetched and real - how to eliminate them

There are many negative far-fetched reviews about houses for which Sip panels were used: that this is not the best housing, and life-threatening. The most common cons discussed are:

A house made of this material can catch fire- this is the main argument of opponents of SIP panels. On the contrary, such a structure is less prone to the possibility of fire than a conventional one. wooden house. In addition, a house made of panels generally becomes equal to a brick house in terms of resistance to fire during additional finishing work. Plastering or cladding with drywall panels are ample fire protection measures. Additionally, you can process wooden structures antipermens.

Medical indicators residence in SIP panel house do not fix any deviations from standard norms in ordinary, familiar to all buildings. Minimal phenol emissions inherent in many goods and products are eliminated in the house facade decoration which is necessary anyway.

Draft or ventilated cracks are a common marriage at work, they should not be at all.

Thermal imaging surveys show that heat losses in SIP houses occur exclusively at the joints of panels - due to their poor-quality installation.

Mice, rats and other pests do not feed on polystyrene, and their inaccessibility to the house is guaranteed by high-quality construction work.

Soundproofing in a panel house is ideal, but the penetration of noise from the outside is quite high. Often this shortcoming must be eliminated by additional measures.

Still very important aspect, this is correct ventilation device in the house, but necessary condition for any apartment.

Video description

What are manufacturers of sip panels hiding? Ecology in the vulture house. What is she really like? Do manufacturers of SIP houses deceive us? See this video for answers to all your questions:

Analogues of SIP panels

The SIP panel market is developing dynamically, new plants with advanced technologies are being built. There are products similar to structural panels, there are many of them, for various purposes and areas of application:

(SML - glass-magnesite sheet), the maximum sheet format used is 1.22 x 2.44, with a weight of 68 kg. Insulation - expanded polystyrene.

Panel with glass-magnesite sheets

Cement particle board (DSP)- 1.2 m x 3.0, weight 120 kg. Insulation - expanded polystyrene.

Standard styrofoam insulation and cement chip sheets

OSB with mineral wool insulation, dimensions are similar to conventional OSB, thickness is not more than 174 mm, weight is 90 kg.

Approximate particle board with mineral wool insulation

OSB with polyurethane foam (PPU), the size is standard, the thickness of the insulation does not exceed 60 mm, the use is rare.

Approximate particle board with polyurethane foam insulation

Other options and combinations with insulation or used facing sheets are also possible.

Considering what SIP panels are made of, the listed modifications are already different materials, since different manufacturing technologies are used and OSB has a different purpose.

Thermal imaging inspections of houses made of SIP panels clearly show that the most big problems occur due to improper installation. Therefore, even if there is some skill in handling tools, best solution will still entrust the construction to professionals who understand all the nuances of the technology for assembling SIP houses. On average, installation services will cost 30-50% of the cost of materials, but these costs will pay off with reduced bills for heating the house.

The first step to calculating the amount of building materials is getting to know the projects finished houses, the catalog of which is mandatory for any qualified construction company. There is a high probability that it will be possible to choose a suitable layout even from standard projects, which means that you will be given ready estimate. Even if there is no project that fully meets your needs, you can always correct the most suitable of the available ones - when ordering a set of works, this service may well turn out to be free.

Video description

To date, the construction of houses from sip panels is one of the most budgetary, while residents of houses from sip panels are increasingly dispelling myths about people's fears of sip houses. What is included in the turnkey price? How much does a separate warm circuit cost? How much does engineering cost in a sip house? Watch this video for answers to all your questions:

Understanding what Sip panels are is half the battle. When ordering complex construction, be sure to specify what is included in the price. Some construction companies sin by placing price lists in which the price of a house is indicated without taking into account the foundation, roofing materials or finishing work. Such a discovery will be especially unpleasant if the purchase of materials and construction will be carried out on credit.

When choosing materials and components, pay attention that the characteristics of the house correspond to the climate in the area of ​​​​future development. Check quality certificates - the manufacturer must be known, with clearly indicated coordinates and provide warranty.

Conclusion - carefully choose the material

Unfortunately, there are a lot of low-quality cheap fakes on the market that compromise the very idea of ​​​​using SIP panels as a high-quality and safe building material. Therefore, the more carefully you check the quality certificates building materials the longer the house will remain warm and cozy.

Today, if a person thought about building individual housing, it is obviously not necessary to explain what a SIP panel is. A lot of people are looking at this technology. For some reason, it is customary for us to consider it Canadian, although in fact it is American, because the first houses from SIP panels were built in the USA in the late 40s and early 50s of the last century.

And yet we must decipher the origin of the term SIP. It originated from English. Structural Insulated Panel - structural insulated panel. It is also called simply a sandwich panel.

It consists of two sheets of OSB (OSB - Oriented Strand Board) or, in our opinion, OSB (oriented strand boards) - pressed chipboards with oriented flat chips (corresponds to the European standard EN-300-OSB), and polystyrene foam insulation glued between them PSB- C-25 (suspension non-shrink self-extinguishing polystyrene foam, 25th density).

Now that everything is clear with the terminology, we can talk about the essence.

We do not intend to convince anyone that houses made of SIP panels are the best of everything that is on our construction market, especially if a person has firmly believed in the toxicity and flammability of expanded polystyrene, the exceptional love of rodents for him, and also the highest toxicity of OSB boards.

This is tantamount to how, in the Middle Ages, to force a high-born lady to bathe, who firmly believed that this not only greatly harmed her health, but was also almost one of the mortal sins.

Only in the role of the Holy Inquisition are builders accustomed to brick and reinforced concrete, at worst agreeing to blocks of cellular concrete, but only cement-sand mortar or glue. Everything else is a nightmare, horror and the machinations of the devil. Especially since it comes from America itself.

What are SIP panels for the home

SIP panels for the home are panels in which PSB-S is glued between OSB sheets that are thick enough to absorb the operational loads from this very house, PSB-S of sufficient density and thickness to ensure the energy efficiency of this very house.

What if in simple terms, then these should be OSB-3 boards (moisture resistant) with a thickness of at least 9 mm and expanded polystyrene of the 25th density with a thickness of at least 120 mm - providing the necessary coefficient of resistance to heat transfer, determined by SNIPs for middle lane Russia.

On our website, we previously described the process of self-manufacturing SIP panels at home, but not everyone has such an opportunity, and even a desire.

Despite all the horror stories about SIP-panel houses, which we will simply have to debunk as insolvent, their segment in the Russian construction market is steadily increasing. Accordingly, the number of firms is increasing, offering not only the construction of houses using this technology, but also manufacturing both ready-made house kits and simply SIP panels of standard sizes.

To help you understand the variety of proposals is the task of this article.

How to distinguish a good SIP panel from a hack

Frankly speaking, the word "hack" is not used quite correctly, because. even the cheapest SIP panel has the right to exist, but it must be used for the construction of various kinds of outbuildings and auxiliary buildings, protected by special types of finishes, etc.

How to distinguish a SIP panel that is not suitable for the construction of a residential building?

1. If the dimensions of the panel differ from the standard dimensions of OSB sheets for our country (2500, 2800, 3000 x 1250) and have dimensions, for example, 1220 x 2440, then this means that most likely an OSB plate was used to manufacture such a SIP panel Canadian-made, which is significantly inferior in its technical specifications OSB-3, which is placed on good sandwich panels.
2. If during visual inspection you see inclusions of bark, peeling of chips, or simply too loose OSB structure - do not take such panels for building a house, even if the price is too attractive. By the way, if the price is radically lower than that of competitors, make every effort to find out what caused this.
3. Before buying SIP panels, visit a place where expanded polystyrene is sold in your area and feel the density of a good PSB-S-25 to the touch. Compare your tactile sensations when choosing SIP panels. If it seems to you that the panel has softer polystyrene, most likely it has a density of less than 15 kg / m3, and this is the lowest density for the 25th grade.
4. Be sure to ask for a piece of Styrofoam for a little experiment. They must be in production, because. appear when cutting panels for a specific house kit. Try to set it on fire. It should die out in no more than 4 seconds after the cessation of exposure to an open flame, which is provided for by GOST. In practice, a good self-extinguishing polystyrene should go out almost immediately (1 - 2 seconds) after the fire is removed. At the same time, it should not smell strongly and smoke.
5. Feel free to just sniff a piece of polystyrene. A strong smell should alert you. Do the same with the OSB. The regulations in force for both of these materials guarantee that there will be no release of any amount dangerous to health. harmful substances. Also, the raw materials for the production of PSB-S should already contain additives that repel rodents, but the desire for super-profits sometimes pushes unscrupulous manufacturers to buy materials that are not quite of high quality.

The above procedures can really help you not to buy SIP panels that are not suitable for building a residential building.

One more thing. Even if you buy ready-made SIP panels from a company and cut them yourself on the site, ask about the possibility of cutting panels at the enterprise. The fact is that the equipment for the manufacture of the panels themselves, made independently, can cost several times less than the equipment for high-quality cutting of finished products. Therefore, the presence of the latter can serve as an indirect confirmation of the solidity of the company.

The price of SIP panels in the Moscow region

We want to warn you right away that we will focus you on prices for the central region at the time of this writing, because in the context of the global crisis, it is at least stupid to guarantee that they will remain unchanged in the future.

The cost of 1 sq.m. SIP panels with a thickness of 120 mm starts from 800 rubles. But this is a panel of the minimum configuration allowed for housing construction. From it, you can build a small 1-storey residential building with sufficient internal ligation with partitions. And, of course, such a house will require additional insulation- a couple of centimeters of polystyrene is not enough to meet the SNIP standard.

The price of a SIP panel, which can be used without such reservations, in the Moscow market today starts from 990 rubles / sq.m.

If you decide to cut your own house from ready-made SIP panels, we will support you in this endeavor with some practical advice.

• First: study the methods and procedure for connecting SIP panels to each other. Very often, errors occur when the thickness of the panels mating at the corners is not taken into account in the dimensions of the house.

• Second: determine the dimensions of the openings for windows and doors and, if possible, unify them based on the dimensions of the selected SIP panels, or vice versa: select the dimensions of the purchased panels, based on their cutting efficiency.

• Third: try to avoid structures with unproductive waste panels, or find a use for it right away.

• Fourth: determine the method of articulation (splicing) of cuttings from whole panels going into business and do not forget to add the necessary additional amount of timber for this.

• And finally, the fifth: draw in any graphic editor the facades of the future house with scaled real sizes of SIP panels (taking into account the thicknesses of the panels running around the corners), and you will definitely not be mistaken either with their number or with the real dimensions of the house.

This is the panel layout. real home, fragments of the construction of which we will illustrate below, made in the CorlDraw graphics editor.

What you need to cut SIP panels with your own hands

First of all, we need a quality measuring tool, including long calibrated slats. First of all, this is due to the need for very accurate marking of both sides of the panel, because. it is unlikely that you will have a tool at your disposal that can cut through the entire thickness of the SIP panel in one go.

We need a tool for sawing OSB - a jigsaw, a circular saw or an angle grinder. At worst, a hand saw, but it is unrealistic to withstand strict perpendicularity with a non-uniform OSB structure, therefore, it’s better not to try, you will get dirty during assembly and get huge gaps.

To cut polystyrene foam, we need the same grinder, or any other tool that can make a slot between the OSB and the polystyrene block for the tool to work normally with nichrome wire for cutting foam.

Or make a cutter that doesn't need kerfs. Practice shows that for the normal installation of the connecting beam, and it is for this that such samples are made, you still have to clean the grooves. But these procedures are not too complicated.

Assembling a house from sip panels

With the right cutting, assembling a house from SIP panels turns into an exciting process, akin to playing the children's designer Lego, but very big.

The vast majority of people looking at these photos are asking a question about little house. This is a change house in which you can warm up, leave work clothes and tools. It is assembled from the same SIP panels and remains inside the house being built until the finishing works, when the heating is already functioning in the house. Then it is disassembled and taken out of the house in separate panels.

The photographs clearly show the almost waste-free option for cutting panels, previously drawn on the diagram in a graphical editor.

And the result, which does not need additional descriptions.

Cons of houses from SIP panels: real and imaginary

On the forums, a lot of copies are broken around houses made of SIP panels, but there are practically no sharply negative reviews from the residents of these houses. Let's try to figure out what's what.

The most frequently mentioned disadvantages of houses from SIP panels:

1. Flammability. We have already dealt with expanded polystyrene earlier - it does not burn at all if it is made from normal raw materials and everyone can check this. The composition of the adhesive used for the manufacture of OSB contains fire retardants, which make it very difficult to burn. You must process the connecting beams during assembly special composition, referred to as fire biostop. Well, and most importantly: people mostly die in a fire not from burning the house itself, but from burning objects inside the house.
2. Rodents. Any inhabitant of a house made of SIP panels will tell you that the problem is clearly far-fetched. Rodents do not eat polystyrene foam; moreover, it contains substances that repel them, and access to it, when properly assembled, is extremely difficult. Do not let mice into the house through natural openings in the fall - they will not start in it. And if you are wound up - fight. By the way, as practice shows, mice for building their nest will prefer basalt or other mineral wool insulation to expanded polystyrene.
3. Ecology. It is generally accepted that wood is the most environmentally friendly material, and polystyrene foam emits all sorts of muck into the atmosphere. Yes, he is even open form and in the sun it emits such a meager amount of harmful substances that it cannot harm a person in any way, and in ordinary air, even in the cleanest place, there are many times more harmful substances. Even when burning wood, 10 times more harmful substances are released than when melting polystyrene foam. Now about phenol and formaldehyde in OSB. They are also a meager amount that does not affect human health, in addition, they can be released at temperatures above 32 °, and if the OSB is closed finishing, and even more so with drywall sheets, then this problem can not be remembered at all.

We will deliberately omit the less significant "minuses" of houses from SIP panels, as they do not have any weighty ground for discussion. The only real drawback of these houses is good sound transmission (do not confuse it with soundproofing - it is great), but it is possible, necessary and not so difficult to deal with, but this is already the topic of a separate article, or even several articles.

Dear readers, if you still have questions, ask them using the form below. We will be glad to communicate with you;)

The owners of small apartments who decide to make repairs face the question: what needs to be done to make the small room functional, compact and comfortable. After all, you want to equip a zone for rest and work in a small room, and at the same time the room should not seem too cramped and cluttered. Let's look at some ideas for renovating a small room.

Interior design of a small room

Designers recommend, when making repairs in a small room, to use light shades, which visually expand the small space of the room. Lots of people like it clean. White color, however, it can sometimes look too sterile, so it requires the neighborhood of several bright accents in the interior. It should be remembered that in a small apartment multi-level and which will “eat up” the already small height of the room will be inappropriate.

Often, when decorating the interior design of a small room in Khrushchev, cold colors are used, but if you like warm colors more, then these can be gentle and discreet shades of red, orange, yellow and others.

So that a small room does not look colorful, when choosing interior items, it is better to give preference to one color scheme. Heavy bulky cabinets, tables and chairs will be redundant in a small room. Instead, it is better to choose furniture made of light plastic or glass.

Will look good in a small room. Help save space folding sofa and a folding desktop. Especially popular in small rooms is transforming furniture, for example, a wardrobe bed.

Instead of a massive pendant chandelier for lighting small room better use Spotlights. Visually expand the room mirrors that can be mounted in the closet.

Using ideas for renovating a small room, you can create a stylish and original interior premises.