Regulatory and methodological documents are given that regulate the design of systems for the removal and cleaning of surface (rain, melt, watering) Wastewater from residential areas and sites of enterprises, as well as comments on the provisions of SP 32.13330.2012 “Sewerage. External networks and structures” and “Recommendations for the calculation of systems for collecting, diverting and treating surface runoff from residential areas and sites of enterprises and determining the conditions for its release into water bodies” (JSC “NII VODGEO”). These documents allow the disposal of the most polluted part of the surface runoff for treatment in the amount of at least 70% of the annual volume of runoff for residential areas and sites of enterprises that are close to them in terms of pollution, and the entire volume of runoff from the sites of enterprises whose territory may be contaminated with specific substances with toxic properties or significant content of organic matter. Considered common design practice engineering structures separate and combined sewerage systems that allow short-term discharge of part of the wastewater when intense (rainstorm) rains of rare frequency fall through separation chambers (storm discharges) into a water body. Situations are considered related to the refusals of the territorial departments of the State Expertise and the Federal Agency for Fishery in coordinating the implementation of activities for the designed capital construction facilities on the basis of Article 60 of the Water Code of the Russian Federation, which prohibits the discharge of wastewater into water bodies that have not undergone sanitary treatment and neutralization.

Keywords

List of cited literature

1. Danilov O. L., Kostyuchenko P. A. A practical guide to the selection and development of energy-saving projects. - M., CJSC Tekhnopromstroy, 2006. S. 407–420.
2. Recommendations for the calculation of systems for collecting, diverting and treating surface runoff from residential areas, enterprise sites and determining the conditions for its release into water bodies. Addendum to SP 32.13330.2012 “Sewerage. External networks and structures” (updated version of SNiP 2.04.03-85). - M., OJSC "NII VODGEO", 2014. 89 p.
3. Vereshchagina L. M., Menshutin Yu. A., Shvetsov V. N. On the regulatory framework for the design of systems for the removal and treatment of surface wastewater: IX Scientific and Technical Conference "Yakovlevsky Readings". – M., MGSU, 2014. S. 166–170.
4. Molokov M. V., Shifrin V. N. Purification of surface runoff from the territories of cities and industrial sites. – M.: Stroyizdat, 1977. 104 p.
5. Alekseev M. I., Kurganov A. M. Organization of diversion of surface (rain and melt) runoff from urban areas. - M .: Publishing house ASV; SPb, SPbGASU, 2000. 352 p.

FEDERAL AGENCY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR
CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING AND UTILITIES
(ROSSTROY)

Introduction Section 3 General provisions Section 4. Qualitative characteristics of surface runoff from residential areas and enterprise sites 4.1. Selection of priority indicators of surface runoff pollution in the design of treatment facilities 4.2. Determination of the calculated concentrations of pollutants during the diversion of surface runoff for treatment and release into water bodies Section 5. Quantitative characteristics of surface runoff from residential areas and enterprise sites 5.1. Determination of the average annual volumes of surface wastewater 5.2. Determination of the estimated volumes of surface wastewater when diverting them for treatment 5.3. Determination of the estimated flow rates of rain and melt water in storm sewer collectors 5.4. Determination of the estimated costs of surface runoff when discharged for treatment and into water bodies Section 6. Conditions for diverting surface runoff from residential areas and enterprise sites 6.1. General provisions 6.2. Determination of MPD standards for pollutants when discharging surface wastewater into water bodies Section 7. Systems and facilities for collecting and diverting surface runoff from residential areas and enterprise sites 7.1. Surface runoff collection and diversion schemes 7.2. Structures for regulating surface runoff during discharge for treatment and methods for their calculation 7.3. Surface runoff pumping 7.4. Determination of the estimated performance of treatment facilities Section 8. Treatment of surface runoff from residential areas and enterprise sites 8.1. General provisions 8.2. mechanical cleaning 8.3. Wastewater treatment by flotation 8.4. Filtration 8.5. Reagent treatment of surface runoff 8.6. Biological treatment 8.7. Ion exchange 8.8. Adsorption 8.9. Ozonation 8.10. Sludge treatment 8.11. Disinfection of surface runoff Legend: BIBLIOGRAPHY Annex 1 Classification of districts Russian Federation depending on climatic conditions Annex 2 Values ​​of rain intensity q20 Annex 3 Values ​​of parameters n, mr, γ for determining the estimated flow rates in storm sewer collectors Annex 4 Average duration of rainfall per day with precipitation Annex 5 Method for constructing a graph of the probability distribution function of daily rain layers and an example of calculating the daily rain layer with a given period of a single excess of Р< 1 года Appendix 6 Methodology for calculating the daily layer of precipitation with a given probability of exceeding Appendix 7 Schemes for regulating surface runoff and a methodology for calculating the flow of wastewater discharged for treatment and into water bodies Annex 8 Performance Calculation Method pumping stations for pumping surface runoff

Introduction

3. Rules for the use of public water supply and sewerage systems in the Russian Federation.

The recommendations were developed by a team of specialists from the State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation FSUE "NII VODGEO" under the scientific supervision of a Doctor of Technical Sciences, consisting of: Candidates of Technical Sciences, Doctors of Technical Sciences, Engineers, Candidates of Technical Sciences, Doctors of Technical Sciences.

When developing the Recommendations, the data of field studies obtained by the specialists of the Leningrad Research Institute of Achievements of the Achievements of the Leningrad Region named after V.I. , VNIIVO and a number of branch research organizations at enterprises of various industries, as well as data from the experience of operating surface runoff treatment facilities from the territories of cities and industrial enterprises designed and built over the past 30 years.

The recommended calculation of systems for the collection and disposal of surface wastewater is based on the method of limiting intensities, developed and later developed by an engineer, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Doctors of Technical Sciences and A. M. Kurganov.

The authors express their special gratitude to the chief specialist of the State Unitary Enterprise Soyuzvodokanalproekt, Candidate of Technical Sciences for their assistance in preparing the Recommendations, as well as to the participants of the seminar of the Research Institute of VODGEO "Systems for collecting, diverting and treating surface runoff from residential areas of cities and industrial enterprises" (April 6-7, 2005 Moscow) dedicated to the new edition of the Recommendations for comments and suggestions.

1 With the release of these recommendations "Temporary recommendations for the design of facilities for the treatment of surface runoff from the territories of industrial enterprises and the calculation of the conditions for its release into water bodies", published by VNII VODGEO in 1983, become invalid.

Section 1 Legislative and Regulatory Documents

1. Water Code of the Russian Federation of November 16, 1995 .

3. Rules for the protection of surface waters. - M., 1991.

4. SanPiN 2.1.5.980-00. Hygienic requirements for the protection of surface waters.

5. GOST 17.1.3.13-86. General requirements to the protection of surface waters from pollution.

6. Rules for the use of public water supply and sewerage systems in the Russian Federation. Approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 12, 1999 No. 000.

7. SNiP 2.04.03-85. Sewerage. External networks and structures.

8. SNiP 23-01-99. Building climatology.

9. GOST 17.1.1.01-77. Protection of Nature. Hydrosphere. Use and protection of waters. Basic terms and definitions.

10. GOST 17.1.3.13-86. Protection of Nature. Hydrosphere. Classification of water bodies.

11. SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1200-03. Sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations.

12. GOST 27065-86. Water quality. Terms and Definitions.

13. GOST 19179-73. Land hydrology. Terms and Definitions.

14. List of fishery standards: maximum allowable concentrations (MAC) and approximately safe levels impact (SHB) harmful substances for water of water bodies having a fishery purpose. Approved by order of Roskomrybolovstvo dated June 28, 1999 No. 96.

15. GN 2.1.5.1315-03. Maximum Permissible Concentrations (MPC) of chemicals in the water of water bodies for drinking and domestic water use. Hygienic standards. Approved and put into effect by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated April 30, 2003 No. 78.

16. GN 2.1.5.1316-03. Approximately permissible levels (TAC) of chemicals in the water of water bodies for drinking and domestic water use. Hygienic standards. Approved and put into effect by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated 01.01.01 No. 78.

Section 2. Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply:

STORAGE CAPACITY(surface runoff accumulator) - a structure for receiving, collecting and averaging the flow rate and composition of surface wastewater from residential areas and enterprise sites for the purpose of their subsequent treatment.

V. V. Pokotilov

V. V. Pokotilov

according to the calculation of heating systems

V. V. Pokotilov

BY CALCULATION OF HEATING SYSTEMS

Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor V. V. Pokotilov

A guide to the calculation of heating systems

A guide to the calculation of heating systems

V. V. Pokotilov

Vienna: HERZ Armaturen, 2006

© HERZ Armaturen, Vienna 2006

Foreword
2.1. Selection and placement of heating devices and elements of the heating system
in the premises of the building
2.2. Devices for regulating the heat transfer of a heater.
Connection methods various types heating appliances for
pipelines of the heating system
2.3. Choosing a scheme for connecting a water heating system to heat networks
2.4. Design and some provisions for the execution of drawings
heating systems

3. Determination of the calculated heat load and coolant flow for the calculated section of the heating system. Determination of design power

water heating systems
4. Hydraulic calculation of the water heating system
4.1. Initial data
4.2. Basic principles of hydraulic calculation of the heating system
4.3. The sequence of hydraulic calculation of the heating system and
selection of control and balance valves
4.4. Features of the hydraulic calculation of horizontal heating systems
with hidden laying of pipelines
5. Design and selection of equipment for the heating point of the system
water heating
5.1. Selection circulation pump water heating systems
5.2. Type selection and expansion tank selection
6. Examples of hydraulic calculation of two-pipe heating systems
6.1. Examples of hydraulic calculation of a vertical two-pipe system
heating with upper wiring of main heat pipelines

6.1.1.

6.1.3. An example of hydraulic calculation of a vertical two-pipe system

heating with top wiring using radiator valves

6.2. An example of hydraulic calculation of a vertical two-pipe system

heating with bottom wiring using HERZ-TS-90 valves and

HERZ-RL-5 for radiators and HERZ differential pressure regulators 4007

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V. V. Pokotilov: Handbook for the calculation of heating systems

6.3.

6.5. An example of hydraulic calculation of a horizontal two-pipe system

heating using a single-point radiator valve

7.2. An example of hydraulic calculation of a horizontal one-pipe system

heating using HERZ-2000 radiator units and regulators

7.5. Valve application examples HERZ-TS-90-E HERZ-TS-E during construction

heating systems and in the reconstruction of existing

8. Application examples for HERZ three-way valves art.No7762

With HERZ thermal motors and servo drives for system design

heating and cooling
9. Design and calculation of systems floor heating
9.1. Design of underfloor heating systems
9.2. Basic principles and sequence of thermal and hydraulic
calculation of underfloor heating systems
9.3. Examples of thermal and hydraulic calculation of underfloor heating systems
10. Thermal calculation of water heating systems
Literature
Applications
Annex A: Nomogram of the hydraulic calculation of water pipelines
heating from steel pipes at k W = 0.2 mm
Appendix B: Nomogram of the hydraulic calculation of water pipelines
heating from metal-polymer pipes at k W = 0.007 mm
Appendix B: Local Resistance Factors
Annex D: Pressure losses due to local resistances Z , Pa,
depending on the sum of local resistance coefficients ∑ζ
Appendix D: Nomograms D1, D2, D3, D4 to determine the specific
heat transfer q , W/m2 of underfloor heating system depending on
from the average temperature difference ∆t sr
Appendix E: Thermal Specifications panel radiator VONOVA

Page 4

V. V. Pokotilov: Handbook for the calculation of heating systems

Foreword

While creating modern buildings for various purposes the developed heating systems must have the appropriate qualities designed to provide thermal comfort or the required thermal conditions in the premises of these buildings. A modern heating system should match the interior of the premises, be easy to use and maintain.

stop for users. The modern heating system allows you to automatically

redistribute heat flows between the premises of the building, to the maximum extent

use any regular and irregular internal and external heat inputs introduced into the heated room, must be programmable for any thermal modes of the ex-

operation of premises and buildings.

To create such modern heating systems, a significant technical variety of shut-off and control valves, a certain set of control instruments and devices, a compact and reliable structure of the pipeline kit are required. The degree of reliability of each element and device of the heating system must meet modern high requirements and be identical between all elements of the system.

This manual for the calculation of water heating systems is based on the complex use of equipment from HERZ Armaturen GmbH for buildings of various purposes. This manual has been developed in accordance with current regulations and contains basic reference

and technical materials text and appendices. When designing, you should additionally use the company's catalogs, construction and sanitary standards, special

night literature. The book is aimed at specialists with education and design practice in the field of building heating.

The ten sections of this manual provide guidelines and examples of hydraulic

thermal and thermal calculation of vertical and horizontal water heating systems with

measures for the selection of equipment for heating points.

The first section systematizes fittings from HERZ Armaturen GmbH, which is conditionally divided into 4 groups. In accordance with the presented systematization,

methods for designing and hydraulic calculation of heating systems, which are set out in

sections 2, 3 and 4 of this manual. In particular, the principles of selection of reinforcement of the second and third groups are presented methodically different, the main provisions for the selection

pressure regulators. In order to systematize the methodology of hydraulic calculation

various heating systems, the manual introduces the concept of "regulated section" of the circulation

ring, as well as "the first and second directions of hydraulic calculation"

By analogy with the type of hydraulic calculation nomogram for metal-polymer pipes, the manual has compiled a hydraulic calculation nomogram for steel pipes, widely used for open laying of main heat pipelines and for piping equipment of heating points. In order to increase the information content and reduce the volume of the manual, the nomograms of the hydraulic selection of valves (normal) are supplemented with information general view valves and technical specifications valves, which are located on the free part of the field nomo-

The fifth section provides a methodology for selecting the main type of equipment for thermal

nodes, which is used in the following sections and in the examples of hydraulic and thermal

heating system calculations

The sixth, seventh and eighth sections give examples of the calculation of various two-pipe and one-pipe heating systems in conjunction with various options heat sources

- furnace or heat networks. The examples also give practical advice on the selection of differential pressure regulators, on the selection of three-way mixing valves, on the selection of expansion tanks, on the design of hydraulic separators, etc.

floor heating

The tenth section provides a method for thermal calculation of water heating systems and

measures for the selection of various heaters for vertical and horizontal two-pipe and one-pipe heating systems.

Page 5

V. V. Pokotilov: Handbook for the calculation of heating systems

1. General technical information about the products of HERZ Armaturen GmbH

HERZ Armaturen GmbH produces a complete range of equipment for water systems

heating and cooling systems: control valves and shut-off valves, electronic and direct acting regulators, pipelines and connecting fittings, hot water boilers and other equipment.

HERZ manufactures control valves for radiators and substations with

variety of sizes and actuators to them. For example, for a radiator

valves, the widest range of interchangeable actuators is available.

khanisms and temperature controllers - from thermostatic, diverse in design and purpose

direct acting heads to electronic programmable PID controllers.

The method of hydraulic calculation set out in the manual is modified depending on

the type of valves used, their design and hydraulic characteristics. We have divided HERZ fittings into the following groups:

Stop valve.

A group of universal fittings that do not have hydraulic adjustment.

A valve group that has in its design a device for adjusting the hydraulic

resistance to the desired value.

To the first group of valves operated in the positions of full opening or full

closures are

- shut-off valves STREMAX-D, STREMAX-A, STREMAX-AD, STREMAX-G,

STREMAX-AG,

HERZ gate valves,

- shut-off valves for the radiator HERZ-RL-1-E, HERZ-RL-1,

- ball valves, plug valves and other similar fittings.

To the second group fittings that do not have hydraulic settings include:

- thermostatic valves HERZ-TS-90, HERZ-TS-90-E, HERZ-TS-E,

HERZ-VUA-T, HERZ-4WA-T35,

- connection nodes HERZ-3000,

- connection nodes HERZ-2000 for one-pipe systems,

- single-point connections to the radiator HERZ-VTA-40, HERZ-VTA-40-Uni,

HERZ-VUA-40,

- three-way thermostatic valves CALIS-TS,

- HERZ three-way control valves art.No 4037,

- distributors for connecting radiators

- other similar fittings in the constantly updated product range of HERZ Armaturen GmbH.

To the third group of fittings, which has a hydraulic setting for the installation of the required

about hydraulic resistance, can be attributed

- thermostatic valves HERZ-TS-90-V, HERZ-TS-98-V, HERZ-TS-FV,

- balance valves for radiator HERZ-RL-5,

- manual radiator valves HERZ-AS-T-90, HERZ-AS, HERZ-GP,

- connection nodes HERZ-2000 for two-pipe systems,

- balance valves STREMAX-GM, STREMAX-M, STREMAX-GMF,

STREMAX-MFS, STREMAX-GR, STREMAX-R,

- automatic differential pressure regulator HERZ art.No 4007,

HERZ art.No 48-5210…48-5214,

- HERZ automatic flow regulator art.No 4001,

- bypass valve for maintaining differential pressure HERZ art.No 4004,

- distributors for underfloor heating

- other fittings in a constantly updated range of products

HERZ Armaturen GmbH.

A special group of fittings should include valves of the HERZ-TS-90-KV series, which in their

designs belong to the second group, but are selected according to the method for calculating valves

your group.

Page 6

V. V. Pokotilov: Handbook for the calculation of heating systems

2. Selection and design of the heating system

Heating systems, as well as the type of heating devices, the type and parameters of the coolant

taken in accordance with building codes and design task

When designing heating, it is necessary to provide for automatic control and metering of the amount of heat consumed, as well as to use energy-efficient solutions and equipment.

2.1. Selection and placement of heating devices and system elements

heating in the building

Heating design

provides a comprehensive solution for the following

1) individual choice of the optimal

variant of the type of heating and the type of heating

device, providing comfortable

conditions for each room or zone

premises

2) determining the location of the heating

body appliances and their required dimensions to ensure comfort conditions;

3) individual selection of control type for each heater

and sensor locations depending on

from the purpose of the room and its thermal

inertia, on the value of possible

external and internal thermal disturbances

ny, on the type of heater and on its

thermal inertia, etc., for example,

two-position, proportional, pro-

programmable regulation, etc.

4) the choice of the type of connection of the heater to the heat pipes of the heating system

5) solving the layout of pipelines, choosing the type of pipes depending on the required cost, aesthetic and consumer qualities;

6) choice of system connection scheme

heating to heating networks. When designing

vaniya are carried out the appropriate heat

you and hydraulic calculations, allow-

to select materials and equipment

heating and substation systems

Optimal comfort conditions are achieved

are fighting the right choice type of heating and type of heating device. Heating appliances should be placed, as a rule, under light openings, providing

access for inspection, repair and cleaning (Fig.

2.1a). as heating appliances

convectors. Place heating appliances

rooms (if available in the room

two or more outer walls) in order to liquidate

cold stream descending to the floor

air. Due to the same circumstances, the length

heater must be

not less than 0.9-0.7 width of window openings

heated rooms (Fig. 2.1a). Floor-

the height of the heater must be less than the distance from the finished floor to

the bottom of the window sill (or the bottom of the window opening in its absence) by an amount not

less than 110 mm.

For rooms, the floors of which are made of materials with a high thermal

( ceramic tile, natural

stone, etc.) is advisable against the background of con-

vective heating with a heater

appliances to create a sanitary effect with

with underfloor heating

In rooms for various purposes

with a height of more than 5 m in the presence of a vertical

ny light openings should be under them

place heaters to protect workers from cold descending

currents of air. At the same time such

solution creates directly at the floor

increased speed of cold laying

air flow along the floor, speed

which often exceeds 0.2 ... 0.4 m / s

(Fig. 2.1b). With an increase in the power of the device, uncomfortable phenomena intensify.

In addition, due to an increase in air temperature in the upper zone, a significant increase

melt heat loss of the room

In such cases, to ensure thermal comfort in working area and decrease

floor heating or radiant heating

using radiation heating

devices located in the upper zone at a height of 2.5 ... 3.5 m (Fig. 2.1b). Add-

carefully follows under the light openings

place heaters with heat

howling load to compensate for the heat loss of a given light opening. If available in

such premises of permanent workplaces

heating in workplace areas to ensure thermal comfort in them with the help of either

air heating systems, either with the help of local radiation devices above the workplaces, or with the help of

this under the light openings (windows) for

the calculated thermal load of the device is

protection of workers from cold descending

blowing to be taken equal to the calculated thermal

flowing air flows should be placed

loss of a given upper light opening

drinking appliances with a thermal load on

with a margin of 10-20%. Otherwise, on

compensation for heat loss of a given light

glazing surface will condense

sato formation.

Rice. 2.1.: Examples of placement of heating devices in rooms

a) in residential and administrative premises up to 4 m high;

b) in rooms for various purposes with a height of more than 5 m;

c) in rooms with upper light openings.

In one heating system it is allowed

use of heating appliances

personal types

Embedded heating elements not allowed to be placed in single-layer

outdoor or internal walls, as well as in

partitions, with the exception of the heater

elements built into the internal

walls and partitions of wards, operating rooms

and other medical facilities of hospitals.

It is allowed to provide in multilayer external walls, ceilings and

floors heating elements water

heating, embedded in concrete.

In the stairwells of buildings up to 12 floors

zhey heating appliances are allowed

place only on the first floor at the level

entrance doors; installation of heating

devices and laying of heat pipelines in the volume of the vestibule is not allowed.

In the buildings of medical institutions, heating devices in the stairwells

Page 8

V. V. Pokotilov: Handbook for the calculation of heating systems

Heating appliances should not be placed in compartments of vestibules having

external doors

Heating appliances on the stairs

cage should be attached to separate

branches or risers of heating systems

Pipelines of heating systems should be

design from steel (except galvanized

bathroom), copper, brass pipes, as well as

heat-resistant metal-polymer and poly-

measuring pipes.

Pipes from polymer materials pro-

laid hidden: in the floor structure,

behind screens, in shtrabs, mines and canals. Open laying of these pipelines

allowed only within the fire sections of the building in places where their mechanical damage is excluded, external

heating of the outer surface of pipes over 90 °C

and direct exposure to ultraviolet radiation

radiation. Complete with polymer pipes

materials should be used

body parts and products corresponding to

the type of pipe used.

Pipeline slopes should be taken

mother not less than 0.002. Gasket allowed

pipes without a slope at a speed of water movement in them of 0.25 m / s or more.

Shut-off valves should be provided

drain: to turn off and drain water from

individual rings, branches and risers of systems

heating, for automatic or remote

rationally controlled valves; to turn off

part or all of the heating appliances in

rooms in which heating is used

etsya periodically or partially. shut-off

fittings should be provided with pieces

cerami for connecting hoses

In pump systems of water heating

should, as a rule, provide

precise air collectors, taps or automatic

tic air vents. Non-flowing

air collectors are allowed to be provided at the speed of water movement in the pipe

wire less than 0.1 m/s. Using

antifreeze liquid preferably

be used for exhaust air

tic air vents - separators,

installed, usually in a thermal

point "before the pump"

In heating systems with lower wiring for air removal,

installation of air vents is envisaged

taps on the heating devices of the upper

floors (in horizontal systems - on each

home heater).

When designing systems of central

of water heating from polymer pipes, automatic devices should be provided

tic regulation (limiter of the

temperature) to protect pipelines

from exceeding the parameters of the coolant

Built-in installation cabinets are arranged on each floor, in which

fit distributors with diverters

pipelines, shut-off valves, filters, balance valves, as well as meters

heat metering

Pipes between distributors and heaters are laid

at the outer walls in a special protective

corrugated pipe or in thermal insulation, in

floor structures or in special skirting boards -

sah-korobah

2.2. Devices for regulating the heat transfer of a heating device. Ways of connecting various types of heating devices to pipelines of the heating system

For air temperature control

in rooms near heating appliances

installation of control valves

In rooms with permanent residence

by the presence of people, as a rule, are established

automatic temperature controllers, providing

maintaining the set temperature

ry in every room and savings in supply

heat through the use of internal

heat surpluses (domestic heat emissions,

solar radiation).

At least 50% of heating appliances

burs installed in one room

nii, it is necessary to establish a regulatory

fittings, with the exception of appliances in the room

areas where there is a risk of freezing

coolant

On fig. 2.2 shows various options

you temperature controllers that can

be installed on a thermostatic

diator valve.

On fig. 2.3 and fig. 2.4 showing options

the most common connections of various types of heating appliances to two-pipe and one-pipe heating systems

Introduction
1 area of ​​use
2. Regulatory references
3. Basic terms and definitions
4. General provisions
5. Qualitative characteristics of surface runoff from residential areas and enterprise sites
5.1. Selection of priority indicators of surface runoff pollution in the design of treatment facilities
5.2. Determination of the calculated concentrations of pollutants during the diversion of surface runoff for treatment and release into water bodies
6. Systems and facilities for diverting surface runoff from residential areas and enterprise sites
6.1. Systems and schemes for the disposal of surface wastewater
6.2. Determination of the estimated flow rates of rain, melt and drainage water in storm sewer collectors
6.3. Determination of the estimated wastewater costs of a semi-separate sewerage system
6.4. Regulation of wastewater flow in the rainwater sewer network
6.5. Surface runoff pumping
7. Estimated volumes of surface wastewater from residential areas and enterprise sites
7.1. Determination of the average annual volumes of surface wastewater
7.2. Determination of the estimated volumes of rainwater discharged for treatment
7.3. Determination of the estimated daily volumes of melt water discharged for treatment
8. Determination of the calculated performance of surface runoff treatment facilities
8.1. Estimated performance of treatment facilities accumulative type
8.2. Estimated performance of flow-type treatment facilities
9. Conditions for diverting surface runoff from residential areas and enterprise sites
9.1. General provisions
9.2. Determination of standards for permissible discharge (VAT) of substances and microorganisms during the release of surface wastewater into water bodies
10. Wastewater treatment plant
10.1. General provisions
10.2. Selection of the type of treatment facilities according to the principle of water flow control
10.3. Basic technological principles
10.4. Purification of surface runoff from large mechanical impurities and debris
10.5. Separation and regulation of runoff at treatment facilities
10.6. Wastewater treatment from heavy mineral impurities (sand trapping)
10.7. Accumulation and preliminary clarification of runoff by static settling
10.8. Reagent treatment of surface runoff
10.9. Cleaning of surface runoff by reagent sedimentation
10.10. Surface runoff treatment with reagent flotation
10.11. Surface runoff treatment by contact filtration
10.12. Post-treatment of surface runoff by filtration
10.13. Adsorption
10.14. Biological treatment
10.15. Ozonation
10.16. Ion exchange
10.17. Baromembrane processes
10.18. Disinfection of surface runoff
10.19. Waste management technological processes surface wastewater treatment
10.20. Basic requirements for the control and automation of technological processes for the treatment of surface wastewater
Bibliography
Appendix A. Terms and definitions
Appendix B. Meaning of rain intensity values
Appendix B. Parameter values ​​for determining the design flow rates in storm sewers
Annex D. Map of the zoning of the territory of the Russian Federation according to the layer of melt runoff
Annex D. Map of the zoning of the territory of the Russian Federation by coefficient C
Annex E. Methodology for calculating the volume of a reservoir for regulating surface runoff in a storm sewer network
Appendix G. Methodology for calculating the performance of pumping stations for pumping surface runoff
Appendix I. Methodology for determining the value of the maximum daily layer of rain debris for residential areas and enterprises of the first group
Appendix K. Methodology for calculating the maximum daily precipitation layer with a given probability of exceeding
Appendix L. Normalized deviations from the average value of the ordinates of the logarithmically normal distribution curve Ф for different values ​​of the supply and the asymmetry coefficient
Annex M
Appendix H. Mean daily precipitation layers Hav, coefficients of variation and asymmetry for various territorial regions of the Russian Federation
Appendix P. Methodology and example of calculating the daily volume of melt water discharged for treatment