Do-it-yourself installation of a double-circuit boiler. Installation of a gas boiler in a private house. Installation of the electrical part
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Gas boilers are intended for heating the liquid heat carrier in autonomous heating structures, the installation of wall-mounted gas heating boilers is performed in apartments or private households. Since these heaters operate on an explosive type of fuel, it is necessary to strictly follow the rules for installing a wall gas boiler to ensure the safety of the residents.
First of all, property owners should be aware that all work related to connecting the device to the gas main and heating system must be carried out by specialists in strict accordance with the approved SNIPs.
Self-assembly of wall-mounted gas heating boilers
Consumers are often interested in whether it is possible or not to install a gas boiler on their own? Before installing a gas heating system, a project should be developed and agreed upon with local supervisory authorities (in more detail: "").The project documentation indicates the parameters of the boiler, its location and describes the scheme of how the entire heating system will function. Only after its approval, some of the installation work can be done by hand.
However, not all gas producers heating equipment allow the installation of their heating units independently:
- companies Ariston, Viessmann, Bosch and a number of others oblige buyers to install a wall-mounted gas boiler exclusively by employees of certified centers;
- some manufacturers, such as BAXI, Ferroli, Electrolux, are more loyal to this issue, do not prohibit unauthorized installation of wall appliances. But in any case, for commissioning activities during the arrangement of the heating structure, services will be needed from specialists who have permission to connect gas and electrical equipment.
Connection diagram of a wall-mounted gas boiler
Mounted heat generators should preferably be located in a separate room. It is customary to call it a furnace or boiler room. The requirements for this room depend on the type of boiler combustion chamber that is planned to be purchased (more details: "").Open type combustion chamber. The principle of operation of such a device is in many ways similar to the operation of a conventional stove and is as follows: the device, using natural draft, takes air from the room, and the exhaust gases are then removed through the chimney.
Gas boilers require a certain amount of air in the room, otherwise the gas does not burn completely, and toxic substances are formed that pose a serious danger to human health. When installing wall-mounted gas heating boilers, a window facing the street with an area of at least 0.5 "square" and a place for maintenance should be provided. The surface of the walls of the boiler room must be made of fire-resistant materials.
The volume of the furnace room depends on the power of the connected equipment:
- with a boiler power not exceeding 30 kW - 8 m³;
- for 30-60 kW, 13-14 m³ is enough;
- for capacities up to 200 kW - 15 m³ and more.
Rules for installing a wall-mounted gas boiler
Installation and further connection of a wall-mounted gas appliance largely depends on the type of combustion chamber and the number of circuits (if only heating is planned, it will be one, and when heating plus hot water supply, then the system will be double-circuit). See also: "". This article discusses the installation of single-circuit boilers.
Stage one - wall mounting. The hinged gas boiler shown in the photo is mounted on a special bracket included in the kit along with the device. But fasteners are not always suitable for it, and they often have to be purchased separately, given the material of the wall on which they plan to place it. The fact is that the bracket must withstand the weight of the device and ensure its absolutely even position. See also: "".
The surface of the wall behind the heating unit must be protected with non-combustible material. The installation height of the wall-mounted gas boiler assumes that the suspension of the lower part of the heating unit will be at a distance of at least 80 centimeters from the floor, and the gap between the wall and the rear surface will be 5 centimeters.
The second stage is the connection of the main heating pipes. The number of pipes will need to be connected to the boiler, depending on which system is being installed - one-pipe or two-pipe. Before making the connection, plugs are removed from the nozzle of the unit. Experts advise installing a filter at the return inlet so that debris and dirt from the heating main do not get into the boiler.
Of no small importance is the quality of water, or rather its hardness when used as a heat carrier. Cleaning equipment such as polyphosphate dispensers will help correct the deficiency, otherwise the wall-mounted device will quickly stop working.
During the work, you will need to install the following elements:
- ball valve (gas), which is mounted at the inlet to the unit;
- gas meter and leak sensor - they are cut into the line in front of the device;
- thermal shut-off valve (according to regulations fire safety). When the temperature around the wall-mounted heating unit rises to critical, for example, in the event of a fire, this device will automatically shut off the gas supply.
Stage five - arrangement of output to the chimney pipe. Atmospheric gas boilers require connection to an individual chimney. The connection diagram for a wall-mounted gas boiler provides that the device is connected to the chimney using iron pipe of a certain section, which is resistant to high temperatures, mechanical wear and the influence of combustion products.
Before proceeding with the connection, you need to make sure that there are no debris and soot residues in the chimney.
When installing a pipe section leading from the boiler to the chimney, the following rules are observed:
- the vertical part, located at the outlet of the device, must be at least two diameters long to the point of rotation;
- then the pipe should be inclined towards the unit;
- the section connected to the chimney should be as short as possible.
Stage six - filling with water. Before a test run, open a valve, usually located at the bottom of the mounted boiler. Water is pumped until the pressure is 2 atmospheres. This process must take place slowly in order to remove the air present inside. The heating structure must be checked for leaks.
In the process of performing commissioning activities, it is possible to ask questions of interest to a professional in the use of heating gas equipment.
After completion of the commissioning work, an act is signed.
Thus, the following conclusion can be drawn: the installation of wall-mounted gas boilers cannot be called simple. It requires relevant experience in the construction and installation and plumbing field. At some stages, it will not be possible to do without the participation of specialists. But if you complete a number of steps yourself, then you will be able to save a lot.
Examples of mounting a wall-mounted gas heating boiler on video:
Today gas boilers and columns are used everywhere both for heating water and for heating houses. For the most part, separate units are used for heating and hot water supply. single-circuit boilers or one single-circuit boiler and an indirect heating boiler, which creates certain inconveniences in their placement. Therefore, in houses and apartments with low consumption hot water the installation of double-circuit gas boilers, combining heating of water, both for household needs and for heating, is gaining more and more popularity. The installation of gas boilers is associated with a number of specific difficulties associated more with compliance with the norms and requirements for boilers than with the installation process.
The design of double-circuit gas boilers is essentially similar to the design of a conventional single-circuit boiler, where a gas burner heats a heat exchanger with a coolant. The main difference is the ability of double-circuit boilers to simultaneously heat water for heating the house and for household needs. This is achieved due to the combined placement of pipes for heating and for hot water supply in the heat exchanger.
At first glance, the heat exchanger of a double-circuit boiler is an ordinary coil with a radiator grill. But it should be noted the following, the coil of a double-circuit boiler is most often a combination of pipes 2 in 1. Inside the main pipe, through which water flows for heating, there is another one for hot water supply. At the same time, one more thing should be noted important point. Water in such a double heat exchanger circulates in opposite directions in each of the circuits. This was done specifically to improve heat transfer and this must be taken into account when designing and connecting the water supply and heating system to a double-circuit boiler.
The presence of two heating circuits at once also affected the number of connected pipes. In contrast to the single-circuit, where there were only three pipes, inlet and outlet water and one inlet gas. There are five such pipes in a double-circuit boiler. The diagram depicting a double-circuit gas boiler shows the following (from right to left):
- pipe with incoming coolant for heating;
- supply pipe for hot water supply;
- gas supply pipe;
- outgoing pipe hot water for water supply;
- pipe with outgoing coolant for heating.
Important! Before using the above scheme when connecting your own boiler, carefully read the manual for it. It is possible that your boiler will be connected in a slightly different way. For example, both supply pipes are located with right side, and both outgoing from the left.
It is also worth noting that today on the market you can find a double-circuit gas boiler, both wall-mounted and floor-standing. In addition to the installation method, the difference between them is that the floor requires a mandatory separate room - the boiler room, while the wall-mounted one can be installed in the kitchen or in the place reserved for the boiler. Where exactly and how to install gas heating boilers we will consider further.
Norms and requirements for the installation of gas boilers
We must immediately make a reservation that only specialized organizations that have permission and a license for this activity can be engaged in the installation and connection of a double-circuit gas boiler. Self-assembly and connection is fraught with rather high fines. But still, some work in preparation for connecting the boiler and obtaining the necessary permits will have to be done independently.
The following recommendations and rules are an excerpt from the main regulatory documents, such as SNiP 42-01-2002 "Gas distribution systems", as well as SNiP II-35-76 "Boiler plants", Code of rules for the design of autonomous heat supply systems SP-41-104 -2000. In these normative documents describes in detail what can and cannot be done when installing gas equipment. We will consider the main most important requirements for the installation of gas boilers.
1. The room where the gas boiler will be installed must be at least 4 m2 with ceilings not lower than 2.5 m;
2. The doorway in the room must be at least 80 cm wide;
3. The room must be with a window opening. The size of the window is calculated based on the following requirements - for 10 m2 of area, a window with an area of 0.3 m2;
4. It is obligatory to have high-quality ventilation in the room to ensure constant gas burning. The opening area must be 8 cm2 per 1 kW of boiler output. This also applies to boilers with a closed combustion chamber, for which coaxial chimneys are used, combining the functions of removing combustion products and supplying air to the boiler;
5. The diameter of the chimney is selected according to the power of the boiler itself and is calculated using a special formula. In general, boilers from 30 kW to 40 kW are most often used for home heating. Accordingly, chimneys with a diameter of 130 mm and 170 mm are installed;
6. The upper end of the chimney must protrude 50 cm above the roof ridge. If a coaxial chimney is used, its outlet must protrude at least 20 cm from the air intake;
7. The gas pipeline in the house must be made of metal pipes. But to connect the boiler to the main, you can use flexible corrugated pipes;
8. The boiler must be equipped with a special automatic current and thermal protection;
9. The room with the boiler must be equipped with a gas analyzer;
10. The installation of gas boilers in the basement is allowed only for private houses. For apartment buildings installation of gas boilers is allowed only in the kitchen or in rooms specially designated for the boiler room;
11. Each boiler must be equipped with a gas meter;
12. The presence of a pipeline is required in the room cold water;
13. In the room where the boiler will be installed, the walls must be leveled and plastered;
14. Boilers must not be installed on combustible surfaces, in corridors, in a bathroom, in a hostel, on a balcony, in rooms without windows and vents, in the basements of apartment buildings;
15. The boiler must be placed at least 15 cm from the wall. There must be at least 20 cm from the top edge of the chimney to the ceiling. outer part the chimney must protrude from the wall of the house by 30 cm. The installation height of the wall-mounted boiler must be 0.8 - 1 m from the floor, and a heat-insulating panel must be placed between the wall and the boiler.
Important! If a double-circuit boiler with a closed combustion chamber, then the presence of windows in the room is optional.
By following these simple rules, you can easily get permission to install a double-circuit boiler at home. Of course, a more detailed acquaintance with SNiP would not be superfluous, since the above rules are general and certain restrictions are possible for each specific case.
Approval of the installation in the authorities
When installing double-circuit boilers, compliance with SNiPs is only a small part of the troubles that you have to face. Most of the time will be required to obtain the necessary permits and coordinate the installation. To obtain permission, you must do the following:
1. To connect private house or an apartment to the city gas supply, it is necessary to obtain technical conditions for connection. To do this, we write an application to the city gas service. The application must indicate the expected volume of gas consumed per hour. It will take 1 to 2 weeks to satisfy your application. After that, you will be given the technical conditions for installation.
2. Having received the technical conditions, it is necessary to develop a gas supply project. In fact, this is a diagram of the installation of the boiler, laying the gas pipeline and connection points. In a private house, this also includes a scheme for laying gas communications around the site. The project is developed in a specialized bureau by design engineers with a license for the design of gas communications. Contacts of design companies can be easily found in Gorgaz.
3. After creating and finalizing the project, it is sent to Gorgaz or another competent service (Raigas, Oblgaz, Mingaz). Project approval may take from 1 week to 3 months. The approval period depends on the complexity of the project itself. Along with the project, it is also necessary to submit a number of related documents:
- technical passport of the boiler;
- instructions for its use;
- certificate of compliance with technical and sanitary requirements;
- conclusions of the examination on the compliance of the boiler with all the necessary requirements.
These documents are included with the boiler from the manufacturer, so it is important to check their availability when buying a boiler.
Of course, the option of rejecting the project is possible. In this case, you should receive an official document with the refusal and the reasons for the refusal, as well as a list of changes for the project. After making changes and re-submitting for approval, you will receive permission to install the boiler.
Installation of a double-circuit gas boiler
Having decided on the installation site of the double-circuit gas boiler, as well as bringing all communications from the hot water supply (hot water supply) and heating to it, you can proceed with the installation of the boiler itself. It is necessary to immediately make a reservation that, regardless of whether it is a wall-mounted or floor-standing boiler, the same materials and components will be required for its installation and piping. The following is a general list of what is required for reliable operation:
- Ball Valves;
- coarse filter;
- magnetic filter;
- mesh filter;
- gas filter;
- drives;
- flexible corrugated hose;
- manometer;
- thermostat;
- coaxial chimney;
- 3 bar safety valve.
Important! The quantity and configuration of related materials depends on the connection scheme of the gas boiler.
The gas double-circuit wall-mounted boiler is installed in almost any room allowed for it. You can install it yourself, but the direct connection of gas equipment is carried out by a specialist who has the appropriate certificate for this type of work. Self connection boiler will result in fines.
Connecting a double-circuit gas boiler begins with preparing a place for its installation. First of all, this concerns the supply of pipes for hot water and heating, as well as the preparation of a hole for a chimney and wall cladding with refractory material. Once everything is ready, we begin the installation of the boiler:
1. The first step is to flush the boiler piping system to remove any possible dirt particles from the system that may have entered during the boiler assembly at the factory. Then we put on them the previously removed plugs.
2. The wall-mounted boiler is mounted on special strips that come with the kit. The installation height of the wall-mounted boiler should be 0.8 - 1 m from the floor. We drill holes in the wall for the strips and fix them to the wall with self-tapping screws. For reliability, instead of self-tapping screws, you can use anchors.
Important! It is necessary to monitor the horizon of the installed slats. It depends on it correct placement the boiler itself. The slightest distortion can lead to a quick failure of the boiler heating system.
3. We install the boiler on the mounting brackets. Let's check how straight it is. If necessary, correct and fix it.
4. We find the incoming pipes and first attach ball valves to them, and then filters for coarse or fine cleaning water. This will allow, if necessary, to block the entire system for washing and cleaning the filters.
6. The next step is to install the spurs. It is they who will connect the boiler with pipes from hot water to heating.
Important! We do not touch the gas supply pipe of the boiler. The installation of the meter, valves, as well as its connection and pressure testing will be carried out by a specialist from a gas company who has permission to carry out this kind of work.
7. Go to the connection heating system. If you are connecting the boiler to an old system, you must first flush it several times to remove scale and salt from it.
8. We connect the drive with the heating pipe connected to the boiler. If necessary, a circulation pump can be installed between the squeegee and the pipe.
Important! We make sure that the arrows on the taps, drains and filters point in the direction of the movement of water from the system to the boiler.
8. The procedure for connecting to heating is completed by connecting the outgoing pipe from the boiler to the heating system. At the same time, we make sure that the direction of water movement on the fittings corresponds to the real one.
9. We connect the hot water supply. All work, in fact, is identical to connecting heating, with the difference that instead of a coarse filter, a fine filter or a magnetic filter is placed.
10. We attach the chimney to the boiler. To do this, a chimney pipe is inserted into the previously prepared hole and then connected through the elbow to the chimney fitting in the boiler itself.
Important! If you bought a boiler with an open combustion chamber, the chimney pipe must meet the following conditions:
- the pipe must be made of acid-resistant metal;
- the chimney is brought out above the ridge of the house;
- a hatch for cleaning must be mounted in the chimney itself;
- the chimney itself should consist of no more than three knees;
- parts of the chimney from the boiler to the exit to the street should not exceed 25 cm.
The gas double-circuit floor boiler is also installed in the manner described. The key differences in the installation of a floor-standing boiler is the allocation of a special room for the boiler, where fire protection is installed on the floor and walls. In addition, the boiler itself is not attached to the wall with brackets, but is most often fixed to the floor.
Upon completion of the installation of a double-circuit boiler, it remains to wait until it is connected to gas pipe and put to work. This stage of boiler installation is carried out by a specialist from the gas company. It should be noted that if you have never done this kind of work before, it would be better to seek help from the masters. Of course, all work will cost a pretty penny, but the safety and reliability of the connected boiler will also be an order of magnitude higher.
Using a gas floor boiler for heating a house or apartment is considered the cheapest and highest quality option. At the moment, this issue is quite relevant, therefore, there is a wide choice of modifications of both domestic and foreign manufacturers on the markets, differing not only in price, but also in the presence of various functions and additional options.
In order to independently understand the proposals and choose a good, economical floor-standing gas boiler, you need to analyze a lot of information that will help you choose best option.
Principle of operation
Device gas heating
Almost all floor gas boilers work identically. For their operation, natural or liquefied gas, which, when burned, heats the heat exchanger inside it.
The latter contains water that is heated and circulates through the system. In this case, for high-quality space heating, you need to choose a device with a high-quality heat exchanger.
It is conditionally possible to divide them into several categories, differing in the material from which it is made:
- Cast iron. Recognized as the most durable, as it is not subject to corrosion and has a high resistance to burnout. There are many cases when such an element has worked for 50 years. Among the disadvantages can be called the fact that cast iron is considered a brittle material. A sharp drop in the temperature of the liquid inside it or mechanical impact can damage the case.
- Steel. Floor-standing boilers with a steel heat exchanger are significantly lighter and more resistant to possible shocks. But a significant drawback reduces their positive characteristics. This is primarily due to the fact that the metal burns out much faster than cast iron, and besides, it is subject to corrosion. Therefore, the average service life of such devices is significantly lower and is only 10 years.
For comparison, the efficiency that gas floor standing boilers, a table is given that analyzes the use of heating devices operating on different types fuel.
The information is presented on the example of heating for a private house with an area of 350 m2. Data are given in average based on 6 months of the heating season.
| Fuel type | Average calorific value | Average cost as of 2019 | Annual fuel consumption at a consumption of 120gJ and a volume of heated space of 370 M3 | Average efficiency and type of boiler used | Total costs for heating season, rub |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chopped firewood | 14.7 mJ/kg, 2450 kcal/kg | 1300 rub/m3 | 9.5 t | Classic boiler, efficiency 66% |
11400 |
| Peat briquettes | 24 mJ/kg, 4750 kcal/kg | 7000 rub/t | 5.80 t | Pyrolysis type boiler, efficiency 86% Classic boiler, efficiency 66% |
40250 |
| Brown coal | 19 mJ/kg, 4000 kcal/kg | 900 rub/t | 7.8 t | Pyrolysis type boiler, efficiency 86% Classic boiler, efficiency 66% |
7110 |
| wood pellets | 19 mJ/kg, 4300 kcal/kg | 3500 rub/t | 7.5 t | Special automatic, efficiency up to 94% | 25900 |
| wood briquettes | 19 mJ/kg, 4300 kcal/kg | 3900 rub/t | 7.8 t | Pyrolysis type boiler, efficiency 84% Classic boiler, efficiency 64% |
30810 |
| Natural gas | 33.8 mJ/kg, 8000 kcal/kg | 2.93 rub/m3 | 3380 m3 | Condensing, efficiency 103% Classic, efficiency 91% |
9932 |
| Electricity, heaters | 3.7 mJ/kWh | 3.80 RUB/kWh | 34020 kWh | 97% | 129238 |
| Electricity, water heating radiators | 3.7 mJ/kWh | 3.80 RUB/kWh | 33680 kWh | 98% | 127946 |
| Diesel fuel, 1 l/0.78 kg | 41 mJ/kg, 11000 kcal/kg | 23.50 rub/l/ 30.12 rub/kg | 31190 | 91% | 95781 |
| Gas propane - butane, 1 l / 0.60 kg | 47 mJ/kg | 16.90 rub/l/ 28.26 rub/kg | 32800 | 92% | 81664 |
single circuit
A single-circuit floor boiler is considered the most common. Its advantage lies in the following features:
- economy. The cost of such domestic-made boilers varies in the region of 20,000 - 30,000 rubles. In addition, long-term operation is confirmed by reviews;
- maintainability. If it can be problematic to find a part of interest for some types of imported devices, there are parts for a Russian heating boiler in every city. And do minor repairs you can do it yourself;
- lack of complex electronics. This makes it easy to maintain and use without training;
- low gas consumption.
Gas boilers for heating a private house come with an open or closed combustion chamber. The difference is that the former use the fresh air of the room to function, and carbon monoxide exhausted through the chimney.
The second - with the help of fans they take air from the street and similarly remove the exhaust gas to the outside. The operation of an open boiler occurs according to the principle gas burner: they heat up and heat the air around them. From this we can say that their efficiency is significantly lower than that of a closed one, from which all the heat goes to the heat exchanger.
double circuit
The cost of such a device will differ from single-circuit ones by 20 - 30% upwards. But this is due to a number of reasons that characterize it on the positive side:
- high heat transfer;
- performing a dual function: heating and providing hot water;
- a wide range of options equipped with electronics, which allows us to talk about reliability and self-stop when a malfunction is detected.
Do-it-yourself installation of a double-circuit type floor gas boiler is not particularly difficult. To do this, you need to connect it to the heating pipeline and connect it to a water mixer. After that, contact a specialized workshop to call a master who will connect the boiler to the gas pipeline and carry out the first start-up of the device.
Considering the principle of operation, 2 main actions can be distinguished:
- during the opening of the hot tap, the gas supply to the heat exchanger is turned off;
- in this case, the burner operation switches to heating the circuit associated with heating the water supply. At the same time, the heating procedure itself is carried out in a flow mode without the use of storage tanks.
Separately, it should be noted that automatic shutdown, based on electronics, will only work when there is a power supply. When the power is turned off, the functionality of such equipment will drop sharply.
Special Requirements
Modern gas floor boilers meet all safety requirements and comply with regulations. In some cases, it is practiced to use combined devices in which, when the gas supply is turned off, the system automatically closes the valve and starts it from electrical network. All the pros and cons of installing a double-circuit boiler, see this video:
The simplest models are not equipped with automation, so you need to switch them yourself. Therefore, it is recommended to periodically check its performance in case of possible shutdowns.
Entrust the installation of the boiler to specialists
Gas is considered a source of increased danger, therefore, to connect a gas boiler in a private house, it is imperative to invite a specialist licensed to carry out this activity.
When building a private house, the issue of planning should be taken very seriously. The fact is that the installation of a gas floor boiler is allowed only if all conditions are met. They are regulated by the requirements prescribed in the SNiP and fire safety. Any non-compliance or deviation from them will lead to the fact that, at best, during a periodic inspection, the owner will receive an administrative fine, and at worst, it will end in an explosion or fire.
On electric boilers these requirements do not apply, they can be installed anywhere. But in order to achieve a violation of the aesthetics of the room, it is recommended to use a special room for these purposes.
Advantages and disadvantages of AOGV
AOGV is optimal in terms of fuel consumption and heat transfer
A floor-standing gas boiler for heating a private house is considered the most popular for newly built or renovated buildings.
When contacting a specialized organization with the question of what equipment to install in order to heat your home, most likely you will receive an answer that it is a floor-mounted AOGV. First of all, this is due to the fact that in the ratio of material consumption and heat transfer, gas is the leader in this rating.
Advantages
The main check of the installed gas boiler will take place in winter
The wide popularity of gas floor boilers for heating residential and non-residential premises is explained by the fact that such equipment has a number of advantages that compare favorably with its main competitors.
First of all, this is a significant savings, the ability to do a partial installation with your own hands, ease of further maintenance and ease of operation. In addition, there are a number of other advantages of such equipment:
Flaws
If you are afraid of fire, do not choose devices with an open burner
Despite the fact that the floor gas boiler has such significant advantages, before giving preference to it, you should familiarize yourself with the special conditions for its design and operation, which can be presented as disadvantages of such equipment.
For some, they may seem insignificant, while for others, on the contrary, they are significant. Here are the main ones:
- Before installing floor gas heating boilers, you need to collect a lot of permits. For example, approval from the State Technical Supervision Service, to provide a project for the upcoming installation, an act of checking the chimney, a plan of the room in which a certain place is allocated for its installation.
- Low pressure in the gas pipeline can lead to the fact that they begin to smoke, as a result of which the chimney is clogged and the efficiency of the equipment is reduced.
- Choosing devices with an atmospheric burner is undesirable for people who are afraid open fire. This is due to the fact that in such boilers the flame is in plain sight.
Being faced with the question of how to choose the best option for your home, you should give preference to boilers equipped for operation in Russia.
This is due to the fact that the pressure in the system can change significantly, therefore, having dropped to a minimum level, the imported burner can start to burn itself, which will lead to the failure of the entire boiler.
Boiler selection
What is the best floor gas boiler to buy for your home? This question is asked by almost everyone who is faced with its acquisition. In this case, the following questions will be faced:
- single-circuit or double-circuit;
- imported or domestic;
- with open burner or closed.
Having solved all these questions, the problem of determining the power of the device will arise. It should be noted that this value directly depends on the area of your house, the presence of warm pilaf in it, which heats some rooms, the number of residents and a number of other reasons. Learn more about choosing a device for country house see in this video:
For an approximate acquaintance with the calculation method, you can use the table below.
| House area, m2 | Heating, kW | Number of devices | Number of persons | Standard range of boilers, kW NS / A / ND (explanation is given below) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100 | 19 | 10 | 4 | 26/25/26 |
| 150 | 20 | 11 | 4 | 26/25/26 |
| 200 | 26,5 | 17 | 4 | 31/34/35 |
| 250 | 27 | 20 | 6 | -/37/38 |
| 300 | 31 | 26 | 6 | -/45/45 |
| 350 | 34 | 30 | 6 | -/45/45 |
Abbreviated terms in the last column, marked with *: HC - wall-mounted boiler, A - floor boiler with atmospheric heater, ND - floor boiler with fan burner.
Observe safety measures when working with gas equipment
Having decided to install such equipment with your own hands, in order for it to perform high-quality and economical space heating, it should be borne in mind that natural gas is an explosive and flammable substance.
Therefore, even if you know how to install floor gas boilers for heating, you cannot do it yourself. As mentioned earlier, for this there are specially trained licensed specialists who will perform these works correctly, and most importantly, in compliance with safety regulations.
In all cases, wherever it is planned to place a gas boiler, on the floor or on the wall, the installation is carried out accredited specialists from Gorgaz.
Gas supervision will allow the installation, only if there is a certificate of conformity purchased equipment.
Installation of a wall-mounted gas boiler. Materials and tools
Having stopped the choice on the model you like, ask how to mount it on the wall and what is included in the kit to the boiler (hooks, power dowels). If the heater is sold without mounts, they will have to be purchased separately.
Refuse to buy if the unit is manufactured not a very reputable manufacturer. Either this is a novice supplier, or more likely, not particularly concerned with quality.
After paying for the purchase, you can carry it home and start mounting it on the wall. This will require tools.:
- electric drill or hammer drill;
- metal branch pipes;
- building level(preferably laser).
With the help of the latter, they check how evenly the unit is installed. This is especially important for condensing gas boilers. The slightest deviation from the vertical guarantees breakage, and in the near future.
Site preparation for installation
It should be remembered that the room where the gas boiler is installed is considered explosive and must meet a variety of criteria established by law. Therefore, before placing an order, you should make sure that this is possible in your home, otherwise the purchase will become absolutely useless: Gorgaz will refuse to coordinate the procedure.
Usually a wall-mounted boiler is placed in the kitchen. Except ventilation and through hole on front door(and in all cases it should go outside), pay attention to the wall itself. Make sure it is strong and will withstand the installation of power fasteners, and even the boiler on it. For this reinforce the wall with wooden dice. The wall covering must be non-flammable. If there is a risk that it will catch fire in a fire, a layer of non-combustible material is placed on the wall, then the boiler.
Photo 1. Approximate dimensions of the wall-mounted boiler and the norms for its placement in relation to adjacent walls, floor and ceiling.
The unit, according to the rules, about 45 cm from the wall. Therefore, it is necessary to mount not directly on the panel, but on bars previously attached to the wall. Height from floor must be 0.8 to 1.6 m. The remaining walls are tiled for aesthetics ceramic tiles.
Attention! When installing a condensing gas unit, remember that it hang with a bias "away from yourself", that is, the distance between the wall and the boiler at the top is slightly less than between the wall and the lower part of the unit.
Hanging the boiler
The installation procedure consists of the following steps:
- unpacking boiler;
- reconciliation of markings on the case with the data in the certificate and invoices for the device;
- screwing the bracket or other suitable fastener;
- removing factory caps from the unit;
- flushing of internal pipes.
Now the boiler can be hung in the right place. Check the horizontal boiler, correct its position if necessary.
It remains to connect boiler to the system. If the master has already come on call, you can involve him in the work.
Chimney in a private house
Most often in houses there are boilers with closed hearth. This is understandable: they are easier to handle, it is easier to connect them to the chimney - just screw them on coaxial pipe. In private houses, a coaxial chimney is removed out through the wall.
Photo 2. Diagram of the chimney from the gas boiler through the nearest wall. Movement shown flue gases and air.
There are no strict requirements for the hanging height of the pipe, since draft is provided by the built-in fan. An open firebox implies the installation of an individual chimney, and Special attention will have to be given to the cross section of the pipe.
Attention! When purchasing a pipe, see what it is made of. Suitable for work only wear-resistant materials, not afraid of the vagaries of temperatures and the effects of combustion products.
Connection to the heating system
Actually to be done the same as when connecting the heating. The difference is in the taps and pipe diameters.
A filter is placed on the "cold" pipe, which will prevent dirt and metal particles from entering the heater.
Shut-off valves with detachable connections(the so-called Americans). It is much easier and faster to work with them, and if the crane fails, it is easy to replace it with a new one.
Cold pressure pipes connect on the left, oriented from the center of the unit, hot - on the right side.
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How to connect to a gas source
The branch of the gas main is connected by a flexible connection to the branch pipe on the heating unit. Shut-off valve must be equipped with a hermetically attached filter. Sealing threaded connection carried out by means of paint and tow.
Do not use rubber hoses, they last a very short time. Usually a representative of Gorgaz stipulates this at the very beginning. Best fit stainless steel corrugated hose.
In the room where the wall-mounted heater is installed, mandatory gas sensor connected to the relay. If a leak occurs, the sensor gives a command to block the gas.
Will work at the same time sound alarm, notifying the owner of a breakdown.
Advice. This part of the work, as well as the first launch, must be entrust to an accredited representative of Gorgaz with permission from a self-regulatory organization!
Double-circuit and single-circuit gas boilers
Differences in the principle of operation these two units are as follows. double circuit the heater will provide not just hot water from the tap, thanks to it all systems work as before, as if the hot water had not been turned off - this includes water supply, batteries, and even underfloor heating. The heat exchanger heats the water coming from the cold supply system.
Photo 3. Scheme showing the differences between single-circuit and double-circuit wall-mounted boilers. The first one requires a boiler.
Dual unit only contains a three-way valve, which controls the direction of flow of the coolant. The heated water is directed towards the central heating. When a hot tap is opened, a sensor inside the unit switches the three-way valve to another position - water flows into the heat exchanger, where it heats the water.
Attention! As long as the hot tap is open, the so-called hot water priority, that is central heating closed. Often users regard this nuance as an inconvenience.
So that you don’t have to wait for a hot stream (usually it appears half a minute, or even more after opening the tap), it is better to buy a boiler flow type with built-in boiler. However, this option is only suitable for apartments or small houses. For a large mansion or estate, it is unprofitable.
single circuit the boiler is useful only for heating cold water coming from the water supply.
Master of Architecture, graduated from the Samara State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. 11 years of experience in design and construction.
Natural gas is the most convenient and affordable type of fuel for heating boilers in private houses. Pipeline system supply of gaseous fuel to the burner, simple ignition, parameter control and shutdown make the operation of gas heating installations simple and does not require special training. The ability to immediately stop burning in emergency situations provides an increased level of safety during the operation of installed equipment.
At the same time, there are special requirements for installing a gas boiler in a private house. Their implementation is mandatory for all types of equipment in order to ensure a minimum degree of risk when burning explosive fuel in residential buildings and individual structures.
Requirements for rooms and air exchange
An important advantage of a private house, unlike city apartments, is the ability to allocate non-residential premises for installation of heating equipment. The current regulatory documents provide a number of requirements for the size and arrangement of such rooms. The main ones are:
- a total area of 4 m 2 or more should allow the boiler to be placed at a distance of 350 mm from the outer wall;
- ceiling height of at least 2.5 meters;
- the floor level in the furnace is not lower than the zero mark of the building;
- the width of the entrance door is from 800 mm, while the leaf must open outward;
- obligatory presence of a glazed window, the area of \u200b\u200bwhich is determined depending on the thermal performance of the gas boiler;
- the illumination rate is set to 0.03 l/m 2 ;
- the minimum cross-sectional area of the air channel for natural supply ventilation is 8 cm 2 for each kW of heating unit power.
When organizing the air supply, it is necessary to take into account its amount used for gas combustion and also add a three-fold air exchange according to the volume of the room.
All walls and internal partitions must be built of non-combustible refractory materials with a fire resistance of at least 45 minutes. The layout of the room and the arrangement of ventilation ducts should not contribute to the spread of flame in case of fire.
The volume of free space not occupied by the installed equipment is normalized depending on the capacity of the installed boilers:
- for heating units up to 30 kW - less than 7.5 m 3;
- 60 kW - 13.5 m 3;
- more than 60 kW - 15 m 3.
Installation of a gas boiler in a private house with a total heat output of more than 200 kW is prohibited. In this case, the power of one unit should not exceed 100 kW.
Flue gas removal
Channels and pipes designed to remove gas combustion products must ensure normal combustion in the boiler furnace. Concerning:
- the cross section of the flue duct must not be less than the size of the boiler connection pipe;
- it is allowed to reduce the cross-sectional area of the chimney if the design of the heating unit provides for the forced removal of combustion products and air supply;
- channels can be located inside the main walls and partitions of the appropriate thickness or be attached to them;
- the material for the manufacture of chimneys must be fireproof and not subject to active corrosion;
- the design of the chimney should provide for the presence of a special hatch for cleaning the channel from soot and a device for draining the resulting condensate;
- height chimney above a roof ridge or line at an angle of 15° away from it.
All butt joints of the elements are made airtight and exclude not only the release of combustion products into the premises, but also the possibility of air leaks and a decrease in thrust.
Preparatory activities
Preparation for installing a gas boiler in a private house begins with a study regulatory requirements, rules for installing a gas boiler in a private house, design solutions for the arrangement auxiliary equipment, specifications and internal device boiler unit.
For permission to connect a heating boiler to a gas pipeline and supply gaseous supply to a residential building, the building owner must submit an appropriate application to the local gas service, where the request will be considered by specialists within a month.
After that, the applicant is given technical conditions for connection or a reasoned refusal until the existing comments are completely eliminated. Installation of a gas boiler without receiving and performing specifications is considered illegal and may entail the responsibility of the owner of the house, the level of which is determined by the consequences of the deed.
The project of an individual furnace is developed taking into account all the conditions set out technical requirements and rules. The heat losses of the building are calculated and the boiler capacity is determined, taking into account the consumption of hot water for household needs.
The finished project must be approved by the special supervision service of the gas supply organization. To do this, together with it, the following is sent to the supervisory authority:
- technical passport of the boiler;
- manufacturer's instructions for installation and operation of the heating unit;
- a copy of the certificate for its compliance with current regulatory documents.
The next stage of work is to complete the equipment and necessary materials. Here you should pay attention to the correspondence of the connecting fittings in size and thread pitch to the counterpart connections of the boiler, pumps, tanks and other equipment provided for by the design solutions.
It must be understood that the furnace equipment is part of the heating system and should not be considered as a separate isolated section of the house.
Installation of boilers in houses of individual development
The method of placing a heating boiler in a residential building depends on its design and can be floor or wall. It should be noted that floor models in most cases exceed the heat output of mounted heat sources.
In addition, a freer circuit of the coolant circulation in such devices allows their installation for operation in autonomous heating systems with natural circulation.
Installation of floor boilers in a separate furnace
If it is necessary to install a heat source with a power of more than 32 kW, gas boilers with installation on the floor are chosen, since the thermal performance of serial mounted models does not exceed the named value. Designed typical schemes furnace, for houses of private development, provide for the presence of:
- expansion tank;
- domestic hot water heater;
- capacitive or high-speed separator;
- distribution comb;
- at least two circulation pumps.
In addition, it is required to install emergency relief lines and safety valves that operate when the pressure in the pipelines rises.
Boiler installation work begins with the preparation of brick or concrete foundations not only under it, but also under all the tanks, which, after filling with water, will become quite heavy. After that, it is necessary to assemble the distribution manifolds and pumping units with shut-off valves, and fix them on the wall according to the design scheme.
Boiler piping
Install the tanks and the boiler on the bases and, if there are mounting holes, fix the position with anchor bolts. Now you can start work on the device of the chimney and installation of pipelines.
One of the circulation pumps is installed on the return line between the boiler and the separator. The second one is on the supply line after mixing the coolant flows in the separation column. A safety relief valve must be installed on the outlet line of the heated water from the boiler, which will ensure the protection of the installed equipment in case of pressure increase.
Return. The emergency drain pipes must not be connected to a household plastic sewer, which may be damaged when boiling water is drained. Metal must be used as the material. At the connection to the water supply, a regulator for feeding the heating system is installed, which, in simple version It is a bypass valve that regulates pressure after itself.
The length of the horizontal section of the chimney at the outlet should not be more than two diameters of the factory branch pipe. After that, the chimney must be moved to a vertical or inclined position at an angle of at least 30°. If the temperature of the flue gases exceeds 85 ° in the passport data of the unit, the metal chimneys must be closed with thermal insulation.
Connecting a gas boiler in a private house to a gas pipeline, purging a fuel line and a test run of gas is carried out by employees of a gas supply organization. These works are allowed to be carried out by the installation organization, but only in the presence of a representative of the controlling office.
Installation of wall hung boilers
Unlike floor structures, mounted models do not require such complex piping and installation of auxiliary equipment. Circulation pump, expansion tank, a heat exchanger for heating domestic hot water and a safety valve are already installed inside the body of the unit, which, according to the device, is a compact mini-furnace.
However, the power of such boilers usually does not exceed 32 kW, which can ensure the operation of the heating system in a residential building up to 300 m 2. At the same time, if we take into account the consumption of hot water in double-circuit devices, then the heated area must be reduced by 25-40%. But for small buildings, wall-mounted gas boilers are the most optimal solution the issue of organizing stable heating operation.
Boiler location
There are two types of mounted gas boilers on mass sale, which differ in the way they organize the supply of air for combustion and the removal of flue gases. They are called boilers with atmospheric and closed firebox. In the second case, the design of the unit provides for the presence of an axial exhaust fan and a double coaxial chimney. The piping of both types is structurally the same.
Coaxial chimney. The place for installing the boiler is chosen depending on its design. Models with an atmospheric firebox should be mounted as close to vertical as possible. smoke channel passing inside the wall. Closed-fired units can only be installed on outer wall or on a partition adjacent to it in order to be able to bring the coaxial pipe to the street.
Brief installation instructions
In each package, manufacturers include an assembly or marking sheet, on which the contours of the boiler are drawn, marking all connections and installation points for fasteners. Its presence greatly simplifies the work. The installation procedure is as follows:
- fasten a sheet of refractory material with a thickness of at least 3 mm to the wall surface;
- on the surface of the sheet you need to stick the mounting sheet;
- drill holes in the mounting marks and install anchor hooks on which the heating unit will be hung;
- hang the boiler on the wall;
- check the gap between the boiler and the wall, if necessary, remove the device and tighten or unscrew the fasteners;
- focusing on the applied markup of the mounting sheet, connect the gas boiler to the heating and hot water supply system;
- install the flue on the outlet pipe and bring it to the smoke channel or take it outside;
- connect the boiler to the mains through a voltage stabilizer or uninterruptible power supply;
- invite gas service workers and, in their presence, connect the unit to the gas pipeline.
Normal operation of heating attachments can only be ensured if the power supply is stable. Even short-term failures will lead to a stoppage of the boiler and possible damage to the electronic control unit. Therefore, protection is a must.
Rules for the operation and maintenance of a gas boiler
The operation of heating equipment should be carried out at a positive air temperature and normal humidity. At least twice a year it is necessary to check the cleanliness and functionality ventilation system and chimneys. The main activities during the operation of the boiler must necessarily include:
- annual cleaning of all installed filters;
- control of technical serviceability of the control unit;
- inspection of the heat exchanger for the presence of soot;
- checking the tightness of the joints and connections of the gas pipeline by soaping;
- cleaning the burner from soot and dust.
All failed parts should be replaced with new ones, and not attempted to be restored. A conscientious attitude to the implementation of all necessary technical measures will increase the life of the equipment and ensure your safety.
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