How to insulate the walls of the balcony. Features of independent internal insulation of the balcony: walls, floor and ceiling. What about glazing

Having completed the insulation of the balcony, you can achieve 2 goals at once: expand the living space and improve the degree of thermal insulation of the apartment. It is most correct to produce external insulation, but here you can not do without the services of industrial climbers and the corresponding costs. Warming the balcony from the inside will be much cheaper, especially if you do it yourself.

How to insulate the balcony inside

A positive result of the work performed is the equally comfortable temperature inside the room and the balcony adjacent to it. It makes no sense to invest effort and money in insulation that does not protect against the penetration of cold onto the balcony and forces you to tightly close the doors leading to the loggia in winter.

As a rule, for internal insulation balconies used:

• foamed polystyrene with a density of 25-35 kg / m 3, otherwise - foam;
• based on basalt fiber 80-110 kg / m 3 density;
• extruded polystyrene foam (one of its varieties -).

Note! For additional thermal insulation, thin foil insulation made of polyethylene foam - Izolon or Penofol - is often laid on the main layer.

In addition to the above insulators, there is another insulating material - ecowool, made from cellulose waste. In other words, waste paper. The rules for handling it and the installation technology are used the same as with basalt wool. Ecowool is not very popular due to its high cost.

Brief description of heaters

Styrofoam - the most cheap material for insulation, produced in the form of plates of various thicknesses.

Like all foamed polymers, it repels moisture well and has sufficient strength (at the specified density). It is characterized by high resistance to heat transfer and flammability, which requires protection from accidental sparks.

The thickness of the foam for insulation of the balcony in the northern regions should be at least 100 mm, in the southern regions 50 mm may be enough.

Unlike polystyrene, mineral wool does not burn at all, but it is able to absorb moisture, after which its thermal conductivity rises sharply. The problem is solved with the help of protective layers of special films, which will be discussed later.

The heat transfer resistance of mineral wool is not too high, so it makes no sense to use a material with a thickness of less than 80 mm. Insulation is offered in rolls and plates, and at a price it will cost more than polystyrene.

Advice! Do not insulate the balcony with fiberglass-based wool (glass wool) intended for outdoor or roofing work. The use of such materials inside residential premises is unacceptable.

The best option for internal insulation of a balcony is extruded polystyrene foam, sold in slabs.

Expanded polystyrene is strong, lightweight and has the best thermal insulation properties.

Where it is necessary to lay mineral wool 100 mm thick, 50 mm of foam plastic will suffice.

In addition, the polymer is absolutely impervious to moisture and is so strong that the plate can be screwed on with self-tapping screws if necessary. There is only one drawback - the high price of the material, which is offset by the long service life of the material - up to 50 years.

Balcony insulation technology from the inside

To carry out thermal insulation on the balcony, you must carefully prepare. This includes not only the purchase of materials and the preparation of tools, but also the implementation of a number of preliminary works:

1. The device of a reliable parapet. 2 types of structures are practiced: a welded metal frame with fastening to the wall or masonry from foam blocks. How to strengthen the parapet -.
2. . Sometimes the balcony is made panoramic by installing metal-plastic blocks to the full height, without a parapet. Then it remains to insulate only the floors and ceiling.
3. Elimination of all cracks and leaks leading to the street, removal of excess mounting foam.
4. pad electrical wiring for lighting, as well as drainage and lines with freon k (if any).

Before insulating the balcony inside, you need to level all surfaces, removing obvious influxes or filling up cavities and cracks with mortar.

Interior wall decoration

The technology of do-it-yourself balcony wall insulation depends on the design of the parapet and the heat-insulating material used. It is better to sheathe a metal frame trimmed on the outside with plastic or with 2 layers of thermal insulation so that the second row of insulation covers all metal racks that are cold bridges. Moreover, from the outside, between the cladding and the insulation, a windproof film should be laid.

When insulating a balcony with mineral wool, it is necessary to use not an ordinary film, but a diffusion membrane as a windscreen. It will let the moisture that occurs in the thickness of the cotton wool out, but will not let it get wet from precipitation or fog on the street. For polystyrene foam and expanded polystyrene, the use of a membrane is not necessary; a regular film is also suitable.

To fix the mineral wool, you will need to assemble an additional one with your own hands. wooden frame from bars, whose width is equal to the thickness of the insulation. The step between the bars is selected according to the width of the material, the latter is inserted between them by surprise. On the last step the heat-insulating layer is covered with a vapor barrier film, after which the frame is sewn up with clapboard or drywall.

ceiling lining

And the balcony ceiling can be insulated in 3 ways:

1. If you plan to do wallpapering at the end, then the method of gluing slab insulation is suitable building mix. Warming, accompanied by "wet" processes, is carried out only in the warm season at positive temperatures.
2. For or similar finishing, you will have to attach to the walls and ceiling wooden bars, and lay the rolled or slab material between them.
3. When insulated with polystyrene foam, the plates can be fixed directly to the walls and ceiling with dowels. After that, the surfaces are leveled with putty and painted, or a crate is placed by fixing the bars to the foam blocks or concrete through the insulation. Lining, plastic, drywall and other finishes of your choice are calmly attached to the crate.

Note! To fasten the battens to the concrete ceiling through the expanded polystyrene, you must use special screws for concrete - frame dowels.

When insulating a balcony with mineral wool, a wooden frame is indispensable. Cotton wool can also be glued, but it is quite difficult. The best option- insert it between the beams attached to the wall and ceiling, protect it with a vapor barrier and line it with a suitable material.

The gluing method is convenient when working with foam plastic, but after 2 days it must be additionally fixed with dowel umbrellas and a plaster layer is applied over the fiberglass mesh.

Video:

Floor insulation

The technology of thermal insulation of balcony floors differs from walls and ceilings, since the “pie” of insulation must bear certain dynamic loads and have a flat surface. Alignment is carried out by laying wooden lag, between which a heater is laid, and a finishing coating is laid on top. The sequence of actions is as follows:

1. cut wooden beam on the crossbars along the width of the balcony and fix them to the floor with anchors or self-tapping screws and dowels using steel corners.
2. Fasten 3 longitudinal logs to the crossbars on self-tapping screws. In the process, they must be aligned horizontally, starting from the highest point. Using the building level, the beams at the intersection with the crossbars should be raised and plastic or wooden wedges should be placed.
3. Between the crossbars and the log, lay the insulation tightly. In the case of mineral wool, a vapor barrier must be laid on top of it.
4. Lay a floor covering with fastening to the logs.

It is characteristic that the length of the crossbars and the log does not need to be adjusted to the dimensions of the balcony. It would be more correct to make them shorter by 10-20 mm so that the ends do not rest against the walls. Wood has the ability to "breathe" and deform a little; with a tight fit, the floor surface may later arch.

Moreover, walking on such floors will be accompanied by an annoying creak. The resulting gaps near the walls will hide under flooring and become invisible.

When using slab insulation, it is worth choosing the step of the crossbars correctly so that you do not have to cut the slabs once again. The standard width is 600 mm, and you need to focus on it. After laying foam or expanded polystyrene, all joints and cracks must be filled with mounting foam.

Useful instructional video:

Mineral wool is protected with a vapor barrier as tightly as possible so that moisture from inside the room cannot seep into it. Here, too, you can use foamed polyethylenes such as Penofol, but pay attention Special attention gluing joints.

If you seriously and scrupulously approach the procedure for internal insulation of a balcony, then it is not at all necessary to hire craftsmen and pay them money, which is never superfluous. You will spend twice as much time to complete the work, but you will do everything with high quality and in accordance with personal wishes. In addition, save money for the family budget.

Independent connection and insulation of the loggia is a whole story with additional construction, sophisticated technologies and a sea of ​​paperwork. And with an unpredictable result: it happens that after all the work the insulated wall sticks out from under the glazing, the window handles are too high, and condensation drips from the ceiling. We will tell you how to make the loggia a full part of the apartment and not regret it!

Mistake 1: reorganization and redevelopment without permission

Even if you don’t want to demolish the wall between the apartment and the loggia, but only want to insulate the space outside the window, it’s better to notify the BTI representative of your intentions so that you don’t have problems later, for example, with the sale of an apartment if there are inconsistencies in the housing technical passport.

InMyRoom Tip: glaze the balcony with sliding glass units with an aluminum profile - and thus equip a summer unheated loggia. This measure will add space anyway (for example, for storage), and there will be significantly less drafts from the balcony side. No permit is required for such glazing.

Mistake 2: transferring the radiator to the loggia

If you have received permission to rebuild, then you are unlikely to plan to pull off such a trick. But in any case, be aware that it is not allowed to bring pipes for the radiator and the battery itself beyond the outer wall of the building. The heat loss on the loggia is too high, the pipes, if not properly insulated, can freeze, accidents are possible; for the heat supply of recently non-residential meters, one would have to pay a tangible amount after an individual recalculation. One way or another, batteries are not transferred to the loggia - remember this at the design stage of an insulated balcony.

InMyRoom Tip: an electric floor heating system or an oil cooler will help you - it can be attached to the wall in the same way as a conventional battery.

Mistake 3: installing frameless glazing

Frameless sashes look great - when closed, it is a smooth surface, sometimes not disturbed even by edges. In addition, the sashes are conveniently assembled into an accordion, without occupying the space of the loggia. However, this solution is not suitable for an insulated balcony: single glazing and gaps between the canvases will not be able to protect from the cold. In addition, dirt and dust quickly accumulate on them, fingerprints remain and a mosquito net is not attached.

InMyRoom Tip: take a closer look at the latest developments, such as thermally insulated lift-and-slide windows. But the best choice for glazing a warm balcony, PVC double-glazed windows with good old hinged doors remain. In fact, they do not take up much space - they can only be opened for ventilation, and plowed open twice a year to clean the glass from the outside.

Error 4: remote glazing on brackets

In an effort to increase the area, or rather, the volume of the attached loggia, the owners of the apartments build a frame for glazing with an extension of several tens of centimeters. A wide visor appears along the upper perimeter, on which snow constantly accumulates, and in the off-season it rains loudly. Most importantly, a glass growth appears on the facade, which spoils the appearance of the building.

InMyRoom Tip: an alternative is possible only within the framework of façade uniformity. If your house is completely open balconies(or they should, in fact, be so) - it is worth parting with the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bconnection or even just glazing. And ennoble the loggia with green plants.

Mistake 5: insulation in one layer

To create an insulated loggia, the parapet and walls are duplicated with foam block masonry 70-100 millimeters thick - this material has excellent thermal insulation properties and frost resistance, so some people think that it is not necessary to additionally insulate the walls and parapet lined with foam blocks from the inside. In fact, masonry of this thickness can freeze through.

InMyRoom Tip: add either an extruded polystyrene foam panel or rock wool slabs to the insulation pie.

Mistake 6: neglecting the vapor barrier

It is especially dangerous if you use mineral wool as a heater - without a vapor barrier material, it will dampen and ruin the walls and floor on the balcony, and neighbors may find condensation on the ceiling of their loggia. Inside an outdoor building without vapor barrier, of course, condensate appears instantly.

InMyRoom Tip: even if you use only foam or other foam materials for insulation, nothing will stop you from adding a thin layer of vapor barrier film to them. For mineral wool, such an additive is an absolute must-have!

Mistake 7: Sealant abuse without protection

Bubbling foam seams are a perfectionist's nightmare. Aesthetically unattractive, they also threaten to spoil the climate in the apartment: the fact is that the foam of polyurethane sealants does not tolerate direct sunlight and exposure to moisture. And without proper protection, it quickly collapses, opening previously sealed gaps and crevices for drafts and street noise.

InMyRoom Tip: carefully process the “foamed” seams - cut off excess sealant, sand the material with fine sandpaper and cover with putty or acrylate paint (it is better to use both). If there is no putty or paint at hand, take a special mounting tape - but keep in mind that paint will not adhere well to such seams.

Mistake 8: Incorrect floor design

Do not try to make the floor perfectly even with a thick sand concrete screed, which will subsequently be covered with a solid layer of tile adhesive, and then ceramic cladding. Overloading the floor is dangerous. It is better to insulate the floor using ultra-light materials (we will immediately agree that in this example we are not talking about a floor heating system).

InMyRoom Tip: there are many recipes for a floor insulation pie on a loggia, but all of them, in fact, come down to using a soft insulation directly on top of concrete slabs (you can take foam or mineral wool). Then it is recommended to put a second layer of insulation - and be sure to apply waterproofing (lay hydrostekloizol with an overlap of more than 15 centimeters). You can make a thin screed on top - and many craftsmen simply lay plywood if there is no significant slope on the balcony: plywood is thin, light, even, and both carpet and laminate can be laid on top of it in a warm and moisture-proof loggia. Mistake 10: inattention to trifles

This error is normal for absolutely everyone. But the most common punctures can be eliminated in the bud:

• when glazing, plan and discuss the height of the handles, as well as the material, thickness and installation method of the window sill (if you decide to add a window sill to the frames);
• figure out if and how a mosquito net will be attached;
• gaps between the parapet and the floor slab that are not brought up to the ceiling or the plane of the wall glazing will need to be laid and completed. Determine what materials and tools will be needed - and carry out the work before the start of insulation.

InMyRoom Tip: if the insulation cake on the walls is thick enough, take care of additional profile expanders - so that the wall does not protrude far from under the glazing.

AT different rooms loggia meets various requirements. Some people perceive it as an unnecessary addition to the apartment, for storing old things. Others are counting on the insulation of the loggia, as an opportunity to increase the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe apartment.

The first type of people stops at finishing the loggia from the inside with clapboard. It improves a little appearance premises, but no improvements from the functional side are observed. In order to fully use the loggia in our climatic conditions, it must be insulated. And in most cases, the cost of insulation is not much higher than the price. finishing works, but the functionality of the room increases significantly.

Both professionals and simple people with your own hands, with a little effort. Independent work It will take time, but will save a fairly large sum of money.

Benefits of an insulated loggia

Having completed the thermal insulation of the loggia, you get a number of advantages:

• an additional area is formed - in such a room you can have breakfast, replacing the window sill with a bar counter, you can place cabinets, a refrigerator, create a recreation area;
• noise insulation increases - a glazed or upholstered loggia perfectly passes various street noises through itself, but if you perform insulation and combine with the room, then the sounds from the street will not penetrate into the room;
• in the adjacent room will be warmer;
• getting rid of the partition between the room and the loggia, you can modernize the apartment by changing the layout in such a way that the room will not look like any other.

The option with insulation has quite a few advantages, the only argument against, if you count, is the price, but it will be only 5-10% higher than upholstery or glazing. At the same time, it is not at all necessary to pay the master, following the algorithm below, you can completely do everything yourself.

Selection of insulation

Today there is a wide selection of materials suitable for warming the loggia. The most popular include the following:

Mineral wool

It is characterized by low cost, but it is the only positive side material. To lay this material, you first need to complete the crate. In the process of getting wet, mineral wool loses its beneficial features, therefore, before using it for a loggia, you need to think first.

Due to the presence of air between its fibers, mineral wool provides protection from the cold. But the installation of the material should be carried out very carefully, avoiding crushing, as this can adversely affect the thermal insulation properties.

Styrofoam

Styrofoam is one of the lightweight and durable materials that easily tolerate moisture. The cost of the material is quite affordable.

Styrofoam

Extruded polystyrene foam is presented in the form of plates and has a rather high price. The material is convenient to use, it saves heat well, and during a fire it almost immediately fades.

polyurethane foam

Polyurethane foam is a seamless coating of the sprayed type. To save precious centimeters, its thickness can be changed.

Penofol

Penofol is a thermal insulation material made of foil and foamed polymer. The reflective layer is used as an additional protection against the cold. It is a rather thin material and is most often used as an addition to other thermal insulation products.

Expert opinion

Konstantin Alexandrovich

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To reduce costs and ensure the desired effect, several materials can be combined. For example, covered with a layer of penofol, and the walls are covered with expanded polystyrene plates. Other combinations are also possible.

Typical errors in insulation

A serious drawback is the condensate that appears indoors on the surface of the walls and ceiling. As a result, moist areas are formed, which in short time covered with mold. This is due to poorly functioning ventilation, improper operation of heating systems.

When the ventilation in the room works poorly, the air masses are almost instantly transported from the warm part of the room to the cold, that is, to the loggia. There, excessive moisture settles on the coldest surfaces. You can avoid such a negative moment with the help of doors installed between rooms with different temperature regime.

Many troubles arise with insulation systems. If the walls and floor were not properly insulated, then moisture will leave its mark on the problem areas of the loggia.

If it was decided to save on foam and cover the seams between the walls with putty, then in these areas there is a high probability of condensation. It is better to refrain from such errors, since their elimination will lead to significant difficulties. That is why, when warming the loggia, you must strictly follow the technology.

A poor-quality heating system can also become a problem. If such a process occurs due to the flow of warm air masses from the adjacent room, then mold will most likely form in the cold corners of the loggia. That is why the loggia needs to be insulated from the floor.

It is forbidden to install centralized water heating on balconies or loggias. A well-mounted warm floor reacts to any temperature fluctuations and eliminates the imbalance in a short time.

Work plan

Step by step instructions for proper insulation:

• Free the room from excess furniture.
• Remove old coating from ceiling, floor and walls.
• Analyze the condition of the base, note cracks, chips, significant irregularities.
• Perform troubleshooting of detected defects.
• Get rid of old glazing, even if it does not require updates.
• Treat all surfaces with any hydrophobic and antifungal compound.
• Carry out sealing of joints.
• Glaze the loggia.
• Lay insulation material on the ceiling, floor and walls.
• Install electrical wiring.
• Carry out installation of the TP system.
• Perform sheathing (drywall, etc.), conduct lighting.

It is especially important to assess the wear of fasteners. After the installation of double-glazed windows and heat-insulating materials, the weight of the structure increases significantly. To perform the necessary calculations and install the reinforcing elements, you must contact companies that have the necessary licenses. Independent calculations can be fatal.

When insulating and finishing the loggia, special attention should be paid to sealing cracks and seams. In such areas, all crumbling elements are carefully removed to ensure a solid foundation. Gaps in concrete structures are filled with repair compounds, at this point you must strictly follow the instructions. If during the work a part of the reinforcement with traces of rust was found, then the rod is cleaned and treated with an anti-corrosion compound.

After finishing work on insulation and installation electrical wiring, produced decorative trim loggias with plastic or wood panels, use tiles, wallpaper or any other materials.

The vulnerable area is the filler near the window frame. The material used to fill the space loses its properties after 2-3 years. Before installing new glazing, the foam is completely removed. To insulate old window frames, the worn filler is removed from the grooves, and the resulting space is filled with a stable composition.

Waterproofing (vapor barrier)

The entire area of ​​the balcony must be protected from external water exposure, for this waterproofing work is carried out. The floor is covered special impregnations, paint, bitumen, glassine or roofing felt. Roll insulation is used for walls and ceilings.

The next stage is the installation of a crate made of wood or metal. The distance between the bars should be 1-2 cm less than the width of the insulation. The bar must have a thickness of a centimeter more than the thickness of the plate mineral wool, this is necessary so that after laying a ventilation gap is formed.

Glazing

The loggia will not be able to be insulated if you do not choose the right glazing. If on simple balconies you can pick up absolutely any glass, then for the thermal insulation of the room you will need to pay attention to special parameters.

The ideal option would be PVC structures, the thickness of which is 3.2 cm.

At this stage, savings should be abandoned, because regardless of the high cost of all further stages, poorly selected double-glazed windows will put an end to all repair work.

Warm floor on the balcony

This loggia surface is considered the most important space when combined with a living room. This is explained by the fact that the floor is the coldest part of the room. In order for it to be warm, insulation is performed in 2 layers.

Basically, all operations related to the floor come down to cleaning, leveling, processing antifungal agent, installation of supports and insulation. Already directly on the insulation is placed the "rough floor", and then the selected coating. For maximum tightness of the floor, lags are mounted, between which there is a roll insulation.

Ceiling insulation

Algorithm for correct insulation:

• Building foam is cut from the ceiling, and parts of the solution are removed.
• The surface is cleaned of peeling paint and dirt.
• Walls and ceilings are treated with a deep primer.
• Holes and strobes are created for cable installation. Install sockets and switches. Thus, it will be possible to connect lighting elements, a heater or a warm floor.
• The electrical cable must be laid inside PVC pipes if the frame needs to be sheathed with wood.
• The best insulating material would be foil-wrapped polystyrene foam.

• Using the level, measure the base, this is done in order to determine the errors.
• A sheet of insulation is applied to the ceiling, and marks are made with a pen that interfere with the installation of the plate (pipe entry point). Marks are cut out with a cutter.
• The adhesive solution is mixed. You need to follow the instructions on the package. Further, the solution is infused for about 5 minutes and kneaded again. It should have a uniform consistency, sufficiently thick and liquid.
• The solution is applied to the insulation with a trowel. Then a sheet of expanded polystyrene is tried on and pressed against the ceiling.
• Further, holes are made, nails are inserted into the ceiling, but are not hammered to the end.
• The remaining sheets are attached to the ceiling, and the surface is measured with a building level.

To adjust the surface plane, graters are used to erase the difference in differences. And the gaps between the insulation plates are filled with polyurethane foam (the excess is cut off).

Do-it-yourself warming of the loggia walls

If the loggia is presented in the form of an ordinary balcony where clothes are dried (there are not even window openings), then the insulation work looks like this:

• installation of a parapet from foam blocks or brick structures, in which window openings will then be created;
• all seams and holes on the outside and inside of the balcony (typical for reinforced concrete structures) are covered with mounting foam, large holes are covered with foam and the joints are filled with mounting foam;
• if polystyrene or polystyrene will act as a heater, then the sealing foam should not contain toluene, it corrodes the foam;
• polyethylene foam is attached on top, which is a vapor barrier, and all joints must be sealed with foil tape.

Now you can move on to the crate. A wooden beam can act as a support. It is attached to the wall horizontally or vertically (depending on the finishing material). The bars are fastened along the edges of the wall, after which a fishing line is pulled at the top and bottom, along which intermediate (bearing) bars are installed, between which insulation and vapor barrier are laid.

Warm loggia in a panel house

By its design panel houses cooler than brick buildings. This is explained by the fact that the heat-insulating properties of concrete are worse than bricks, in addition, cracks often form between the panels over time, which will let the cold in from the outside.

When attaching a loggia to a living room in such houses, one should not forget about this factor and use several layers of heat-insulating material to avoid the dew point, which destroys concrete. In this situation, it is almost impossible to “overdo it”, but it’s easy not to finish it.

Isolon (foamed polyethylene with a reflector) is mounted on the main insulation with sizing of the seams.

Warm loggia in a brick house

Despite the fact that brick is a warmer material than concrete, insulation should not be abandoned.

Initially, you need to pay attention to the masonry. Most often, construction companies do not fill the gaps between bricks well, so you will have to get rid of the gaps yourself with the help of special means.

Further work is no different from the actions in panel buildings. The only difference is that only one heat-insulating layer can be used.

Has the day come when it's time to finally throw away the old ski and take all the cans from your balcony to the garage? Your head is full of ideas, and if not, then the global web will help you. You are ready to realize all the brightest and crazy desires on the vacated piece of living space. There is one small problem left. These are harsh conditions that attack your hard-earned square meters.

Therefore, the primary task that must be solved before letting the fantasy unfold is to keep warm. In order to minimize the cost of repairs, let's figure it out how to insulate a balcony from the inside with your own hands.

If a decision is made to attach the area of ​​​​the balcony to the living area of ​​​​the apartment, it is necessary to carry out work on its insulation. So that after the repair there are no unforeseen problems, the work must be carried out in compliance with the established norms, rules and approvals.

Major renovation will require a permit local authorities executive power, architecture and the Ministry of Emergency Situations. Ignore this paragraph is not worth it, so as not to be punished for violating the housing code. In addition, reconciliation will help to avoid certain errors when changing structural elements. Experienced specialists will immediately notice inconsistencies in the project. Correcting errors at the design stage will avoid the cost of correcting errors after repair.

The order of work and their volume depend on what tasks the reconstructed balcony will perform:

• It will continue to be a place to relax in the warm season, and insulation is carried out to protect against wind, dust and precipitation. This is a less expensive method and easier to implement.
• Will be attached to the area of ​​the apartment as a full-fledged living space used all year round. Here, the scope of work increases significantly, since it will be necessary to provide for heating, steam and waterproofing, and change the power supply system.

Attention! Balcony with sliding windows it is almost pointless to insulate, since the windows themselves will let the cold through.

How to insulate a balcony from the inside with your own hands

First of all, it is necessary to take measurements and determine the quantity of materials, their composition and quality. Manufacturers offer a wide range of materials for insulation, insulation and finishing for every taste and material wealth. Of course, you shouldn't skimp on quality. We need to take care of the environment and fire safety housing.

A balcony is a remote structure located outside the building, its three sides and the ceiling require insulation, even if the neighbors have already completed the work. The sequence of work should be built in such a way as not to miss important nuances, which then have to be corrected:

• Particular attention should be paid to the condition enclosing parapet. Most often, it is a thin plate of metal, profile, or iron rods. This design will need to be replaced. brick wall or foam blocks. For the construction of the wall, you need to choose light, hollow bricks so as not to create an unnecessary load on the carrier plate.

Balcony railing

• Glazing it is better to entrust professionals. Depending on the chosen interior, the profile can be wooden or PVC with double glazing. The number of flaps is determined in advance to ensure ventilation and ease of maintenance. When installing windows, expansion profiles are installed that will facilitate the fastening of insulation boards.

glazed balcony

• Sealing cracks, joints, holes, chips and cracks mounting foam, polyurethane sealants or mastic. They protect against the penetration of moisture, dust, the negative effects of the environment.

Sealing gaps on the balcony

• let down energy supply so that access to food is as practical as possible. Electrical work and heat supply should be carried out by specialists with special permits for such work.

Conducting electricity on the balcony

• Warming carried out in the following sequence: walls, and ceiling.

How to insulate the walls on the balcony

To choose the right insulation, you need to know its technical characteristics, pros and cons.

The main parameters that determine the quality of the material is its thermal conductivity, ecological and Fire safety. It is very important that the insulation is light and takes up less space.

• . Multi-layer, consisting of foil and polyethylene foam, a reflective material a few millimeters thick. At the same time, it reflects at least 90% of heat, durable, lightweight, inexpensive. During installation, it easily takes the shape of the surface and is attached.

Insulation of the balcony with penofol

• polyurethane foam. Provides fire and environmental safety. It is applied to the surface by pouring or spraying, closes all the cracks, provides waterproofing, does not require a frame and fastening.

Balcony insulation with polyurethane foam

• Penoplex. These are expanded polystyrene boards. The material practically does not absorb moisture, but is voluminous and poorly accepts the parameters of the surface to which it is attached.

Insulation of the balcony with foam

• Styrofoam. It has excellent sound, steam and heat insulation properties. Due to its cost-effectiveness and environmental friendliness, it is well suited for warming a balcony.

Balcony insulation with polystyrene foam

• Styrodur. A kind of polystyrene foam, extruded, green color, with good performance.

Balcony insulation with styrodur

• Izover (mineral wool). Widespread insulation made on the basis of fiberglass. This is mineral wool, which will retain heat, provide sound insulation, and will not weigh down the structure. Has an affordable price. Used with additional hydro and vapor barrier.

Balcony insulation with isover (mineral wool)

It is not advisable to use fiberglass, as it is flammable and releases toxic substances.

Given the temperature difference between the outdoor air and the room, it is necessary to provide a kind of hydro-barrier that will not allow warm air to create condensate when it comes into contact with a cold fence. The presence of condensate will lead, in the future, to the formation and decay.

The insulation is attached, depending on the type, with glue, special dowels with a wide cap, spacer nails or spraying.

Using mineral wool the surface is pre-primed. After drying, mineral plates smeared with adhesive are applied to the wall. Installation starts from the bottom and is carried out according to the type brickwork. Allow the glue to dry completely within a day. It is possible to carry out strengthening in several places with the help of dowels.

Often, a wooden frame is used to lay the slabs, the design of which retains heat worse than insulation. Therefore, it is better to fasten the material end-to-end and seal them with aluminum tape or mounting foam.

It is better to fasten layers of mineral wool end-to-end

The next layer is a vapor barrier. It could be foil polyethylene. It is laid with foil inside the building so that it reflects the heat coming from the house. Insulating materials for other heaters may not be used, depending on the purpose of the room.

How to insulate the floor on the balcony

About a quarter of the heat loss on the balcony occurs through the floor, so work needs to be done to prevent these losses. This is not the most difficult operation and it is quite possible to do it yourself. When choosing a material, it should be taken into account that the level of the floor on the balcony after installation must be at or below the level of the floor in the adjoining room.

There are several simple and affordable ways:

• with a frame device;
• monolithic;
• electric underfloor heating.

Professional skills may require only one - the installation of a warm floor.

Underfloor heating on the balcony

The main point in the choice of method and material is the condition of the carrier plate. In houses old building structures may be worn out and not always ready to withstand a large load. Therefore, it is important to coordinate with the specialists of the department of architecture, what weight of materials can be used in the repair. This is especially important when installing monolithic concrete floors.

The frame floor, in turn, can be arranged using:

• mineral wool;
• expanded clay;
• pepoplast;
• foam or expanded polystyrene.

Floor insulation technology consists of several stages.

1. Leveling the surface of the plate is carried out if necessary.
2. Waterproofing with a polyethylene film or roofing material (for damp rooms).
3. The device of a wooden crate. A bar with a height close to the thickness of the insulation is used. Fits along the length of the balcony at a distance of 50 cm from each other or another convenient distance depending on the size of the insulation sheets. Leave indents from the walls of 5-7 cm, and the ends - 5 cm, so that when high humidity wood is not deformed. They are fixed to the floor with anchors or self-tapping screws with a depth of at least 4 mm. This will provide a stable hold. If it is necessary to install transverse beams, it is necessary to make cuts at the joints up to half the thickness and make recesses with the help of which the transverse logs are connected to the longitudinal ones. Control the level, do not allow the bars to sag. If necessary, wooden wedges or dies are placed, which are fixed to the floor with mounting foam. It is important to prevent foam from entering the junction of the wedge and the beam.
4. Filling the crate is made with the selected insulation.

Cheap and efficient material mineral wool. Available in rolls and slabs, light in weight, easy to install. The size of the canvas is chosen in such a way as not to crumple it and not to bend it. This degrades the protective qualities due to the reduction in the amount of air between the fibers. The main disadvantage of mineral wool is its low moisture resistance, so it is necessary to use a vapor barrier as the next layer.

Popular, inexpensive Styrofoam due to the ease and ease of installation, it is most often used as a heater. It is very hygroscopic and resistant to any environment. Among the disadvantages are deformation under loads and poor sound insulation.

Balcony floor insulation with polystyrene foam

Penoplex it is resistant to mold development, mechanical stress, temperature changes and excellent thermal insulation performance. As disadvantages, you can cancel its flammability with the release harmful substances and material thickness.

Insulation of the floor and walls of the balcony with foam

High fire resistance, durability expanded clay. But it is not very good for warming a balcony, since a thick layer is required for normal thermal insulation.

Insulation of the balcony floor with expanded clay

• The gaps remaining after filling with a heater are foamed.
• On top of the insulation or vapor barrier (if applicable), as a rough flooring, after which the selected floor material will follow, chipboard or moisture-resistant plywood is attached.

Cement screed is used only with a fairly solid balcony construction. In order not to exceed the permissible load, a reinforced screed up to 50 mm thick is used.

The following methods will require special professional skills.

Implemented as insulation electrical heating systems using a special infrared film, cable, tapes. They are laid on a thin layer of insulation and mounted in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

For water floors requires a device in a special way of the water circuit.

Scheme of the device of the water floor

How to insulate the ceiling on the balcony

Before starting work, you should carefully inspect the ceiling for signs of leakage, since even a small amount of moisture falling on top of the insulation can lead to the development of mold.

Given the difficulty of working on the ceiling, it is necessary to protect the eyes and use goggles.

As a material for work, already familiar foam plastic, mineral wool, polystyrene, (foil polyethylene foam) are used.

Penoplex with a density of 35-45kg / cm² allows the use of panels from 20mm, which will provide normal thermal protection. The only drawback is the high cost.

Insulation of the ceiling of the balcony with foam

Thickness polystyrene can be within 50mm, and the density is 15kg / cm², then MDF, PVC or drywall panels are mounted on top. At a density of 25 kg / cm², putty can be applied.

Insulation of the ceiling of the balcony with foam

For ease of installation, marking is carried out taking into account that the plates or sheets of insulation fit well into the prepared crate, determine the level of fastening. It is better to calculate everything in advance at the bottom, then the work at the top will take less time. The thickness of the layers of insulation and finishing must be such as not to interfere with the opening of windows.

Use a different sequence of work:

• Lathing device → installation of insulation → lining.
• Insulation fastening over the entire area → vapor barrier → installation of a wooden crate or frame made of a metal profile → cladding.

If the balcony is located Upstairs buildings, it is important to prevent moisture from the roof from entering the insulation; for this, an additional layer of insulation with polyethylene or foil polyethylene foam is provided under the roof.

The first layer for waterproofing can be special compound based on bituminous mastic, applied to a concrete slab with a brush. next step sheet waterproofing is installed.

How to insulate a balcony with foam

Penoplex is a collection of foamed polystyrene balls with air gaps. Practically does not absorb moisture, has a long service life, low thermal conductivity. Plates are produced with a thickness of 2-10 cm.

Foam boards

The lightness of the material does not create an additional load on the carrier plate. It is resistant to deformation, does not emit harmful substances. To increase fire safety, a variety marked C is chosen. Since the walls of the balcony are thin, thick insulation boards are used, which will reduce the useful area of ​​​​the room.

Under the influence of sunlight, penoplex loses its properties, therefore it is used only as an internal insulation.

The material is easily cut, does not crumble, does not create problems during installation. Used to insulate walls, floors and ceilings. The following fastening types are used:

• Dish-type dowels with plastic cores. This mount is suitable for uneven surfaces, roofs from a metalprofile.
• With a special adhesive applied to a pre-primed surface, it is enough to apply the adhesive in dots or in a zigzag. Adheres well to smooth concrete substrates.
• Glue, with additional fixation, dowels.

Methods for applying glue to foam

Penoplex plates are laid in prepared crate cages or without it, on the entire surface. The use of lathing, especially on the front part, worsens thermal protection.

The fitting of the plates is carried out tightly, the joints are sealed with construction tape or filled with mounting foam. The insulation is covered with a layer of polyethylene with a foil layer. Depending on the purpose of the room, vapor barrier may or may not be used.

Foam insulation is suitable for all types of interior decoration: special plaster, plasterboard, wood and finishing boards.

How to insulate a balcony with foam

One of the most common ways to insulate a balcony (walls, floor, ceiling) is foam. This material at a relatively low cost is capable, with correct installation to provide excellent thermal insulation performance. From others positive qualities, it is worth noting the resistance to adverse weather conditions. It does not absorb moisture, does not collapse under its influence, is resistant to the formation of rot and mold.

Polyfoam does not emit harmful substances, goes well with other materials.

To insulate the balcony, foam plastic is used both outside and inside. Outdoor work for a multi-storey building is best entrusted to specialized organizations for the purpose of safety.

For internal insulation, a foam plastic thickness of 4-6 cm is sufficient. If the front part is thinner than the side panels, a thickness of up to 10 cm can be applied. When choosing a thickness for floor insulation, it is necessary to leave a margin of height for the installation of the floor itself, and for the ceiling - for opening windows.

Warming is carried out in two ways:

• Adhesive. On flat surfaces that do not require waterproofing, foam boards can be glued with special glue (Ceresit ST-85). This method is good for arranging the floor for a subsequent screed or walls for plaster. In this case, when the foam sticks, the glue is applied to its outer surface with a thickness of 2-3 mm. Without waiting for complete drying, they apply a reinforcing mesh, but do not flood it and cover it with another layer of glue.

Adhesive foam insulation

• frame. Since the use of other finishing materials requires additional mount, arrange a wooden crate or a frame made of a metal profile. This method is convenient for creating a multilayer cake that provides waterproofing from the outside, and vapor barrier from the inside. Layers can fill the cells of the frame or be located under the bars and on top. The foam itself is cut to the size of the cells so as to fill them as tightly as possible. It is fastened with dowels or self-tapping screws with wide mushroom caps.

Frame method of foam insulation

cracks , emptiness , irregularities are filled with scraps, mounting foam or sealant. After drying, you can attach a layer of vapor barrier over the insulation and the cake is ready for finishing with drywall, plastic panels or other finishing.

How to insulate a plastic balcony

Plastic balconies or decorated with plastic panels are resistant to the external environment, sunlight, temperature changes. Guaranteed service life of high-quality panels is at least 50 years. They are easy to install, affordable price, are simply serviced and look aesthetically pleasing. Due to the positive characteristics, plastic balconies have gained popularity.

Plastic panels improve the aesthetic appearance, provide sufficient thermal protection to balconies with improved glazing.

Balcony with plastic panels

Sheathing the balcony with plastic is carried out on a mounted wooden frame or metal profile, which reacts poorly to temperature changes and changes in humidity. The device of the frame creates a free space between the walls and finishing panels. It is foolish not to take advantage of this moment and add one of the common heaters to this space. If, at the same time, the seams and joints of the balcony structure are sealed, then even one layer polystyrene, penoplex or mineral wool, filling the cells of the crate, will significantly change the microclimate. And the use of an additional layer of vapor barrier will make it possible to use plastic balcony throughout the year, as a full-fledged living space.

How to insulate a wooden balcony

Lovers of wood in the interior, support the style on the balcony. Main advantages wooden structures in their ecological purity, favorable microclimate created by breathable material. The texture of wood, supported by modern finishing materials, creates a cozy atmosphere and an attractive look. However, without additional insulation, a wooden balcony can only be fully used in the warm season. In addition, under the influence of the external environment, the tree quickly ages, absorbs moisture, cracks, and rots. Fixed costs are required to maintain open wooden balconies in an attractive way.

wooden balcony

Insulation with installation will help improve consumer qualities glazing and a set of works on waterproofing.

The interior is well supported by frames made of wood of the appropriate species with double glazing, which will allow the balcony to be used as a living space. After their installation, work is carried out to seal cracks, cracks and junctions using mounting foam. The insulation technology is similar to works for structures made of other materials, however, wood requires mandatory hydro and vapor barrier.

Work order:

• Wooden structures of the balcony are treated with means to protect against decay, insects and increase fire resistance. This also applies to the bars for the crate.
• The concrete base is primed.
• Waterproofing is laid on the prepared surfaces. For the floor, roofing material or mastic is used, for walls and ceilings - polyethylene or foil.
• A wooden frame is prepared from bars, which provide the possibility of laying a heater of a selected thickness.
• Insulation (mineral wool, polystyrene or foam plastic) is tightly laid in the cells of the crate. The remaining voids are filled with foam.
• On top of the insulation, a layer of vapor barrier made of foil polyethylene foam, penofol is attached.
• Finishing with wood panels, clapboard. It must be ensured that the weight of the finishing material does not overload the carrier plate of the balcony. Part wooden materials can be replaced with lighter ones, without sacrificing functionality and attractiveness.

To make the insulation of the balcony with your own hands a pleasure and provide an excellent result, think over the goals and tasks in advance, carry out the necessary approvals and measurements. Choose materials according to technical characteristics and your material possibilities. Carry out work in the complex, not missing the little things. And success is guaranteed.

You can also watch a few videos that will help you insulate the balcony with your own hands.

Video

Insulation of balconies and loggias with mineral wool

The technology of insulation of the balcony with foam

Warming and joining a balcony

How to insulate a balcony? The choice of insulation

How to insulate a balcony? Step-by-step instruction

How to insulate a balcony with your own hands: what and how to insulate + video

The first association that arises with us at the word balcony is a cold small space outside the window, where we take out everything that seems to be unnecessary, but it’s a pity to throw it away. This is not smart. More recently, the balcony was invented as an additional room for the apartment, for drying clothes and storing vegetables. But in last years the situation has changed dramatically, and now the balcony is becoming part of the interior of the entire apartment, and can perform several useful functions both in summer and in winter. "But how is this possible?" - you say. Very simple. Nowadays, balconies are insulated, sheathed, energy-saving windows are installed, and even heated.

Consider the better to insulate the balcony of an ordinary apartment

There are two options for insulating balconies: outside and inside. Both of these methods are fundamentally different from each other. If in the first case the balcony is insulated without affecting the interior space, and so large balcony, then in the second, its usable area is reduced by at least 30-40 cm. For large balconies, this is not noticeable, but for loggias with small dimensions, this insulation technique is not entirely suitable. "So what's the deal! - you say, - let's insulate all the balconies from the outside. The idea, of course, is good, but there is one “but” in it.

What is the best way to insulate a balcony? What methods and types of materials for insulation of balconies exist in general, and how to properly perform insulation. Our experts will try to answer these questions.

It is possible to insulate a balcony from the outside with your own hands only if it is located no further than the second floor. For work at a higher height, you need to resort to the help of professionals, which will cost a pretty penny. Therefore, it is cheaper, after all, to insulate the balcony from the inside. Moreover, a lot of special materials are sold for this.

Materials that are suitable for insulating balconies inside:

• Styrofoam;
• Penoplex;
• Penofol;
• Mineral wool;
• Expanded clay;
• Izolon;
• Polyurethane foam.

Each of the materials has its pros and cons, but they are all great for warming the balcony and loggia from the inside.

To learn about the characteristics of other materials, as well as the stages of balcony insulation, you will learn from our article: https://homeli.ru/komnaty/balkon/uteplenie-balkona.

The better to insulate the balcony inside: finishing methods

There are many ways to insulate a balcony. When choosing your option, be guided by personal plans. Proceed from what functions you want to give your additional living space in the future. Modern technologies allow now to install energy-intensive windows, insulate facades and walls with such materials that the cold will not penetrate into the room at all, and the heat will not be able to go outside.

The better to insulate the balcony inside, if you do overhaul? Based on your financial capabilities. From budget materials the most popular for insulating a balcony is polystyrene foam. It is lightweight, fully meets the requirements of insulation and does not deteriorate for a long time.

The quality of insulation, for the most part, is affected not by the material with which you plan to insulate the balcony structure, but by the method of its insulation. How most you insulate the structures, the better the thermal insulation will be, and the balcony space will be warmer in winter. If heating is additionally equipped in it, then such a balcony can be used all year round without feeling the cold outside the door.

What methods can you apply when insulating a balcony from the inside:

• Insulate walls;
• Sheathe the floor with insulation;
• Lay insulation on the ceiling;
• Line the entire perimeter of the balcony with insulation;
• Add floor heating to a fully insulated balcony.

In addition, when performing work, you can add additional methods of insulation as a foil sheet gasket, or a polyethylene film wind barrier.

How to lay insulation for a balcony indoors

After we have decided on the material for wall insulation, and the method of doing the work, we need to draw ourselves a plan for the next steps. It should consist of construction stages and periods for completing tasks. Once again, evaluate the possibilities of your balcony. If you do not already have energy-saving windows, then now is the time to install them. You are doing a major overhaul of the skin, and it will be difficult to return to it later, and installation plastic windows will require the strengthening of their positions.

Insulation for a balcony inside the space must be prepared in advance. Try to get the right amount consumable. This is not difficult to do, you only need to carefully calculate the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe insulated planes.

Then, step by step, according to your own plan and studying the feedback of specialists, move forward. Immediately consider how you will decorate the walls of your balcony. The method of laying the insulating material during further cladding of the balcony with clapboard or plastic differs from the insulation of the balcony without further cladding.

Step-by-step instructions for warming a balcony:

1. If your windows are already installed, then we start by sealing cracks, cracks and damage. wood paneling check for rotten boards and fungus. If they are, then take steps to eliminate them. If there are no plastic windows, then you need to install them.
2. In the event that you will later sheathe the balcony with clapboard (which is done very often), then you need to start arranging the crate.
3. Consider electrical wiring. Do the wiring in advance so that you do not have to spoil the repair later.
4. We begin the warming process. Lay insulation in the space between the battens of the crate, attaching it in accordance with the type of material.
5. Seal the gaps between the insulation, if it is solid.
6. Seal the joints with mounting tape.
7. For greater thermal insulation, lay a layer of penofol on top.
8. Level surfaces.
9. Line the walls with finishing material.

When carrying out work on the balcony, one rule should be considered - to repair the balcony, choose the easiest Decoration Materials. The balcony is a special design, and it should not be overloaded.

Practice shows that it is best to insulate balconies from the inside with penoplex and penofol. It is better not to use mineral wool for this. Although she is soft and comfortable, she does not like dampness. And temperature drops on the balcony are inevitable, therefore, condensate as well.

What is the best way to insulate a balcony from the inside if there is not much money? Use foam. It is not expensive, but quite practical material. A properly insulated balcony will serve you for a long time and reliably.

Styrofoam, 4-5 cm thick will be enough to insulate the walls of the balcony. As an adhesive, use liquid nails, or special glue. Do not use for gluing heavy mixtures. In order for the repair to progress in stages, and the finishing materials do not interfere with each other, perform the work in a certain sequence.

Stages of work on the insulation of the balcony:

• Install plastic windows;
• It is best to start the insulation of the balcony from the ceiling;
• After finishing it, go to the floor.
• Lastly, the walls are insulated.

If you do everything right, then in the end your repair will converge into one harmonious idea.

Thermal insulation of the balcony with penofol (video)

When repair work on the balcony are completed, you can proceed to its arrangement. If this part is on the sunny side, you should definitely hang curtains. You will find options and solutions in our following material: https://homeli.ru/dekor/shtory/shtory-na-balkon-idei-i-foto.

What your balcony will look like after insulation is up to you. Apply maximum skill, patience and time, and you will equip yourself with a beautiful room where it will not be hot in summer and cold in winter.

We choose modern materials that are suitable for warming the loggia from the inside

To create a comfortable functional room in the loggia, it is necessary to carry out work on its high-quality insulation. On the market today are the most different materials, therefore, it is possible to insulate the loggia with mineral wool, polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam and other types of heaters. The choice of insulation depends on many factors. It is very good if there is an opportunity to consult on this matter with experts.

Mineral wool

Mineral wool insulation is the traditional and most common option.

This material can provide enough high level thermal insulation and sound insulation.

At the same time, it is recommended to use mineral wool for insulation only if there is no load on the insulation. In addition, the insulation material must be protected as best as possible from moisture and condensation on it.

Mineral wool insulation works are carried out in the following sequence:

1. First, waterproofing of all surfaces insulated from the inside is performed. This stage is preliminary. To create a high-quality waterproofing layer before insulating with mineral wool from the inside, it is best to use special insulating impregnations. They can be bituminous and polyurethane mastic, special paints and varnishes. In addition, rolled polyethylene materials are often used as an insulator (sold at any hardware store). What kind of insulator will be used does not really matter.
2. Then you need to perform the crate device. The step of installing wooden bars should be about 1 cm less than the width of the mineral wool sheets. In addition, it is necessary to select the bars in such a way that their thickness is slightly larger than the thickness of the heat-insulating material slab. The elements of the crate can be fastened to the draft surfaces with dowels and self-tapping screws.
3. To install mineral wool slabs, you need to select and dilute a suitable adhesive composition (which one does not matter). It is applied to the surface of the slab from the inside, after which it is placed in the cell formed by the crate. The slabs must be adjusted in such a way that they are slightly larger in size than the dimensions of the cell. This will avoid unnecessary voids.
4. As soon as the adhesive composition dries, it is recommended to additionally fix the heat-insulating material with your own hands using fungal dowels.
5. Surface cladding can be done with any suitable materials. For this, any type of finish is suitable, which will not create a large load - plastic panels, plywood sheets, lining ...
6. Finally, surface finishing and decorative work is carried out. Work in this case can be done with any finish.

Good results and reviews are given by ISOVER material.

Styrofoam

Warming your loggia inside with polystyrene foam gives quite good results. This material is produced by mixing polystyrene and special foaming components. The mixture is heated, subjected high pressure followed by foaming and adding carbon dioxide.

For insulation of the loggia with polystyrene foam, plates with a thickness of 45-50 mm are perfect.

1. They are fastened with dowels, double-sided tape and glue (which type of fastening to choose depends on the material of the walls). When insulating the loggia with polystyrene foam from the inside, it is best to place the material plates in a checkerboard pattern so that they do not move under their own weight during operation.
2. In order to prevent the occurrence of cold bridges, seams, gaps and docking zones must be filled with building foam with your own hands (when insulated with polystyrene foam and polystyrene, the problem of cold bridges is especially relevant).
3. As soon as the mounting foam dries, you need to cut off its excess with your own hands.
4. To provide additional insulation, which is required when insulating with polystyrene foam and foam plastic, it is imperative to lay a layer of special polyethylene foam 5-8 mm thick. In this case, the foil layer should be located inside the loggia. Such an approach will allow you to form a high-quality vapor barrier layer with your own hands and ensure heat reflection. The seams must be glued with construction tape with your own hands.
5. A wooden crate can be attached to the heat-insulating layer (for this, it is better to use small-sized bars that have been pre-treated with antiseptic compounds). In addition, instead of lathing, often from the inside, the loggia is finished with plasterboard sheets.
6. On a wooden crate or plasterboard sheets, any finishing materials can be applied with your own hands.

You can do without crates and use a mesh for reinforcement, under fine finish.

Penoplex and penofol

Very often penoplex and penofol for insulation are used in the same insulation system.

One of the best stuff.

These are high-quality insulating materials that have a lot of positive working and technical characteristics. Many experts recommend using them specifically for warming loggias from the inside. The use of such a heater for the loggia will allow you to create a comfortable environment indoors and maintain an optimal microclimate on the coldest days.

Penofol for the loggia.

Insulation works using these materials are carried out in the following sequence:

1. First, do-it-yourself preparation of all insulated surfaces: floor, ceiling, walls, parapet. The old finishing material is completely removed, all traces and debris are removed. After that, you need to carefully check the integrity of the structures from the inside so that they do not have cracks, holes and other defects through which cold air can penetrate into the room. It is important that the loggia is completely sealed from all sides.
2. Then, the installation of vertical logs is carried out. It is necessary to fasten the material with a certain step, the size of which will depend on the thickness of the insulation used.
3. Further, penofol is fastened directly to the lags. To do this, you can use any suitable adhesive compositions that are suitable for use inside residential premises. During the installation of the initial layer of penofol, it is required to direct the foil outward.
4. After that, the installation of penoplex is carried out ( best option for a loggia - a material with a thickness of 20 - 25 mm). Laying slabs from the inside of the loggia can be done independently - there is nothing complicated in this process.
5. Finally, you need to glue another layer of penofol. In this case, the material must be positioned so that the foil layer is directed inward. As a result, we will get a kind of pie in which the main heat-insulating material (foam) will be protected by foam on both sides.
6. All joints that arose during the installation work from the inside of the loggia, it is necessary to glue it with construction adhesive tape.

What thermal insulation material to choose for warming the loggia?

You need to understand that do-it-yourself loggia insulation work can be done from the inside and outside. Of course, it is much easier to make insulation inside the loggia. For this, various thermal insulation materials. Their choice will depend on the design features, operating conditions, the nuances of the installation work, so in each case, the choice of insulation should be given special attention.

It will not always be justified to buy the most expensive heater on the market.

For example, if the loggia has high-quality glazing, high-quality construction, and no defects are observed, then the simplest materials can be used. In addition, the choice of insulation for the loggia will depend on whether heating is planned.

The better to insulate the balcony inside: what materials to choose

If the apartment or house has a balcony, then you should definitely use it, as this is an additional, and sometimes just a necessary area. If you approach the issue with imagination and think through all the nuances, you can get a small, but very cozy room. In order for the balcony to serve as a room, it must be insulated. How to insulate the balcony inside is decided by each owner independently, taking into account their financial capabilities and urgent needs. But a few words should be said about the nuances of the process and the materials used to insulate the balcony. It is necessary to choose these materials very carefully and pay attention to all the characteristics.

Where to begin

It is necessary to begin the development of any balcony with an objective assessment of its condition. If the apartment is located in a new house, recently handed over to residents, then you need to pay attention to the material from which the balcony structure is made. Also in new houses, it is necessary to pay attention to what the balcony of the neighbors is trimmed with. Often in such houses, neighbors try to adhere to a single style.

We make masonry from foam blocks

But if the balcony is far from new apartment and it has always been used as an open space, then work will have to start with balcony reinforcements. Strengthening is understood as the reconstruction of the concrete platform of the balcony, and the strengthening of the metal handrail. Also, such an event as strengthening the lower part of the upper balcony can be included in this process, this should also be taken into account. After resolving all these issues and choosing the material for outer cladding loggias (balconies), you can proceed to the interior decoration. To simplify this stage, you can lay out a wall of bricks or foam blocks up to half of the balcony, directly to the double-glazed windows. This will save on insulation.

Tip: If all stages of insulation are carried out at the same time, then it is better to immediately install double-glazed windows in the windows, since one glass gives heat loss in cold weather by 70% more.

Preparing for insulation

To start warming the balcony inside with any materials, you need to prepare. Having chosen the material for insulation, it is necessary to create a special wooden crate under it, on which it will then be attached. The exception is rolled materials that can be mounted under the crate. This frame is made of beams with a cross section of about 4-5 cm. The transverse and perpendicular beams must be fastened so that squares of 50 by 50 cm are obtained. Also, the crate can be made of a metal profile, but this material is somewhat more expensive than wooden bars. Key Benefits metal frame is the ease of construction and ease of use.

Note: When calculating the necessary insulation for a balcony inside, it is necessary to take into account not only the dimensions of the walls, but the floor and ceiling, since these two positions also need to be insulated.

Material selection

A heater is laid in the crate on the inside of the balcony, which can be:

Styrofoam insulation is one of the most common ways of thermal insulation of balconies and loggias.

Styrofoam. The cheapest of these materials is plain white foam, 5 cm thick. If the room is insulated in cold latitudes, then you can take a thicker foam, it can reach a thickness of up to 10 cm. It can be easily cut into the required number of parts, and you can not strengthen anything additionally, but immediately lay the crates in the cells for finishing materials. The material is absolutely safe both when working with it and during subsequent use. The insulation is completely odorless, does not emit toxic substances, and styrene fumes in small quantities do not affect people's health. The installation of the material occurs without the formation of dust.

Warming with mineral wool

mineral wool. Mineral wool is a little more expensive, but its noise insulation performance is much higher, so if you need to get rid of extraneous sounds, it is better to use it. This material is completely natural and completely fireproof. The combustion temperature of mineral wool starts from a thousand degrees. The inconvenience of laying mineral wool briquettes lies in the obligatory observance of safety measures. The material in its composition contains small particles of glass, which cause itching of the skin. It is necessary to carry out installation in protected special clothing, goggles and a respirator.

Expanded clay. The material is an environmentally friendly insulation. The word "expanded clay" is translated from Greek as "burnt clay". The material is often used for floor and ceiling insulation. It is not entirely profitable for them to insulate the walls, since in addition they need to prepare a metal mesh as a support.

More information on how to insulate a balcony is here. Tips from the masters and step by step instructions.

After warming, you will need to move on to the interior decoration of the balcony. For these purposes, plastic panels are well suited. Read more about them and their differences in this article.

The installation of high-quality double-glazed windows plays a big role in the insulation of a balcony or loggia. Which window profile choose? - you will find the answer here.

Penofol. This material is one of the heat-insulating means that has a reflective effect. It is a layer of foamed self-extinguishing polyethylene with closed air pores. Coated with high quality aluminum, 14 microns thick and 99.4% pure on one or both sides. Penofol is a universal material that has steam, - hydro, - wind, - soundproof properties. The material has the appearance of a thin, flexible, light and environmentally friendly structure. As an additional vapor barrier, foil foam can be used, it is very convenient for them to work, as it is sold in rolls and can be easily cut even with ordinary scissors. This material protects the room from moisture from the outside and saves the room from condensation.

Penoplex. It is a new material specially developed for warming rooms. The material is very easy to install due to its low weight, so its use on the balcony is now relevant. It is produced in the form of rectangular plates of different thicknesses, which are easily cut with a clerical knife. It is also possible to produce "sandwich panels" by pouring. Insulation with a rough surface makes it easy to attach and glue them to other materials.

Izolon

Izolon. It is also a versatile material in terms of use. Confirmed safety in use as a heater and vapor barrier element. Excellent soundproofing characteristics.

The degree of thermal conductivity is compared:

• with 15 cm brickwork
• with 4.5 cm wood
• with 4.5 cm mineral wool
• with 1.2cm styrofoam

Reduces noise by at least 18 dB.

These are the basic materials for creating an insulating layer, which are now easy to find in any hardware store. We hope you now have more information about how to insulate a balcony from the inside and then we'll see how to do it.

How to insulate

One of the best methods for laying insulation is layered laying:

• Surface waterproofing first.
• The next layer is the selected insulating material, which is also fastened with appropriate fasteners. It can be nails, self-tapping screws, plastic fasteners with wide caps.
• Then a vapor barrier is laid, which is fastened with a construction stapler.
• At the final stage, a finishing material is attached to the crate using special fastening materials.

Styrofoam sheets are installed in the crate, and the joints are smeared with mounting foam

You should get a layer with a thickness of approximately 60 - 70 mm, this is the distance from the outer layer to the finishing one. Depending on climatic conditions, this size may vary. It must be understood that any layer of insulation requires financial costs and labor, so it is better to immediately make a balcony in good conscience and not try to save on trifles.

In a situation with floor insulation on the balcony the sequence is also the same. If it is decided to fill the floor with concrete, then first expanded clay is laid and a solution is distributed on top of it. The concrete solution must be carefully distributed with a special rule and try to make the surface as even as possible. Then on such a surface you can lay ceramic tiles or other finishing materials. Under the fine finish, you can lay rolled heated floors, and this will give additional insulation premises.

Learn more about how to raise the floor on the balcony with your own hands and what materials you can use to do it.

Read about how to choose an electric underfloor heating. Features of different models.

If the option of a wooden floor is chosen, then first the guide logs are laid, between which the insulation is laid. Then a finishing board or chipboard is laid on the logs. Laying chipboard is necessary if further installation of laminate or linoleum is carried out. It is also worth noting that under the laminate it is necessary to lay special substrate, which will provide additional thermal insulation. When the walls and floors are finished, skirting boards are installed that hide the joints of the finish.

In the complex of works on the insulation of the balcony, attention must be paid to the ceiling. The process of insulation is carried out in the same way as the walls and floor. The task will be complicated by the moment when the balcony or loggia is on the top floor and there is no ceiling. In this case, you need to take into account the additional costs for the installation of the ceiling and roof.

When working on the insulation of the balcony, one should not fuss and rush, this can lead to an unreasonably large consumption of material. If you approach the matter with attention and carry out constant calculations, then you can get a full-fledged additional room for little money.

How to insulate a balcony from the inside video

We invite you to watch a video on the topic of our article “Insulation for a balcony inside - choose materials”, which shows in detail the entire process of insulating a balcony using penoplex and penofol.

How to insulate a balcony with your own hands: from a refrigerator to a warm island

To begin with, it is worth saying that there are two ways to insulate a balcony - from the inside and outside. External insulation, of course, is more convenient - precious centimeters of area are not “eaten up”, and the cladding of the balcony facade becomes more pleasant. But this is a laborious process that requires the involvement of a construction team and industrial climbers. Therefore, in the article we will focus on how to properly insulate a balcony in an apartment from the inside - this can be done independently.

For insulation inside the balcony, first of all, it is necessary to carry out preparatory work. They include several important steps:

• How to start warming a loggia or balcony? Free up space from all unnecessary. It is best if the balcony is completely empty: it is much easier to work this way. Also, get rid of the old finish in advance.
• Seal all the cracks - a lot of heat escapes through them. For small gaps, a weather-resistant sealant is suitable, fill larger gaps with mounting foam - it will not only fill the voids, but also serve as an additional heat insulator.
• To make it easier for you to carry out work on insulation, it is important to even out cracks and irregularities on the walls and ceiling with cement mortar.
• If you plan to place light bulbs on the balcony or lighting, it is worth taking care of the wiring in advance. To hide unpresentable cables, place them in plastic boxes.
• Before starting work, cover the opening between the balcony and the adjacent room with a film so that building dust and other pollutants do not get into the apartment.

Is it possible to insulate a balcony in winter? Yes, you can. Only when working in winter, it is necessary to choose frost-resistant materials, in particular mounting foam.

How to insulate a balcony: what materials are better to choose

To understand how to insulate a loggia or balcony, let's first figure out what properties the materials should have:

• high strength;
• fire safety;
• water resistance;
• environmental friendliness;
• relatively low cost;
• ease of installation (if we want to do all the work with our own hands).

Most often, mineral wool, polystyrene foam, polystyrene, etc. are used for insulation. Sometimes several of these materials are combined. We have reflected the pros and cons of each heat insulator in the table:

What is the best insulation for a balcony? The answer to this question depends on your preferences and financial capabilities. You can read more about the characteristics of heaters, as well as about the insulation of an apartment as a whole, in our blog.