How to build a brick garage with your own hands. How to build a brick garage with your own hands Building a garage from an old brick

Each car owner, who at the same time is the owner of a country cottage, no doubt, will need a garage on the site. A well-equipped place for storing a car is an opportunity to protect it from excessive moisture and temperature changes, exposure to direct sunlight, which eventually lead to paint fading. By design, the garage cannot be attributed to complex structures; it is often erected on its own. But in order for the garage to last for a long time, you still need to approach the issue of building a garage with your own hands with all responsibility.

We select materials and decide on the project

We take into account that the main requirements for the construction will be:

• not prone to flammability,
• ability to protect from bad weather,
• ensure safety from the attacks of thieves.

Today's market offers a fairly diverse building materials, characterized by fairly high qualities, however, at all times, brick remains the most durable and reliable of them.

Among the advantages of this popular material should be noted:

• durability, reliability, strength,
• fire resistance and moisture resistance,
• attractive appearance not requiring additional finishing, the brick building will fit perfectly into garden design any style.

Of the few shortcomings of a brick, a rather high cost can be noted.

Before starting construction, you will need to determine the dimensions and functional load that will be assigned to the building. Brick garage projects may involve the construction of a structure for one or two cars, often a cellar or basement, a viewing hole is built under the garage. The attic of the garage, especially if the territory of the site is small, is often made into an attic, it is equipped with a pantry for storing various tools, a workshop, or even a recreation room with a billiards.

When choosing a project option, it should be remembered that a brick garage is a capital structure that will require a solid amount of work and, of course, considerable financial investments. In the event that all work will be carried out on their own, the main cost item will be the purchase of bricks, cement, roofing materials. Experts say that it will take at least three months to build a brick garage with your own hands.

How to build a brick garage

Since the complexity of the structure, depending on the selected project, may be different, it is not possible to unequivocally say how many stages the work will have to be divided into, while it is immediately possible to specify the areas of work that will be performed unambiguously:

• foundation building,
• plinth construction,
• laying walls and installing gates,
• roof construction,
• flooring and interior decoration.

Since each structure must have a reliable support, the first thing to pay attention to is the choice of foundation. Experts recommend building strip foundation for a garage in the event that it is planned to equip a viewing hole or basement in it.

preparation for laying the foundation

Given that the weight of the brick structure will be solid, the foundation for it will also need to be sufficiently strong. If you plan to build a foundation for a garage from blocks, then it should be noted that it will not be possible to lay ready-made large reinforced concrete products on your own - you will need to involve assistants and special construction equipment, naturally this will entail additional costs.

The process of using blocks of 20x20x40 cm in size for laying the foundation will somewhat simplify the process. Although this option can be considered, nevertheless, experts recommend using such blocks for the construction of the basement, and the foundation itself should be made of ready-mixed concrete with reinforcement.

In practice, in order to save money, they often resort to the construction of a strip foundation for a garage made of rubble concrete. This design is particularly durable and can last for many years.

It is also possible to build a strip foundation from baked bricks, but under conditions high humidity it will not last long, given the rather high cost of a brick, such a decision can hardly be considered rational.

foundation depth calculation

When determining the depth of the foundation of a brick garage, it will be necessary to take into account the strength of the soil, the depth of its freezing and the depth ground water. To obtain reliable calculations, it is advisable to contact any design bureau, for a small fee, specialists will provide you with all the necessary information and help you calculate the parameters of the foundation.

The foundation line will run along the perimeter of the entire structure, its depth should be in the range from 0.5 m to 0.9 m, and the thickness should be from 45 to 50 cm. Standard garage dimensions for one car: 5.5 x 3 m.

work order

First of all, they make markings on the ground and dig a trench of the required depth. Next, the selected material is placed in it.

For example, when building a monolithic foundation:

• a layer of rubble is poured into the dug trench, it is rammed,
• poured cement mortar,
• build removable or fixed formwork,
• to give strength, reinforcement is laid, it should be located in several levels,
• concrete is prepared: 1 part of cement, 2 parts of coarse clean sand, 5-6 parts of fine gravel are mixed in a concrete mixer, then water is added and continue to stir until smooth,
• concrete is laid in layers, each of which is rammed,
• continue to work until they reach the level of the ground surface.

Experts recommend doing the work in one go, if the work is stopped for more than 6 hours, it can be continued only after 7 days, how long it will take for the concrete to harden. But it should be noted that in this case a seam is formed inside the monolithic foundation, it will be the weak link of your foundation.

When completing work, you should make sure that the foundation in all areas has the same height - otherwise, problems will certainly arise during the construction of walls.

It will take about a month for the monolithic structure to completely solidify.

Watch a video about the construction of the foundation:

waterproofing

In order for the foundation to serve for a long time, its outer surface must be subjected to waterproofing.

It can be done in different ways:

• paste over the surface with sheet or roll materials made on the basis of bitumen,
• coat the surface special formulations creating a protective film
• soak liquid formulations giving the surface hydrophobic properties,
• treat with a powder composition, which is a combination of coating and penetrating waterproofing.

Upon completion of the foundation, they begin to build the basement, sometimes they refuse it, although experts do not recommend doing this. The height of the plinth is usually about 30 cm. The plinth can be laid out of brick or from small concrete blocks; ordinary cement mortar is used to connect them.

how to do wall laying

Even at the design stage, it will be necessary to calculate the required number of bricks. It is not difficult to do this yourself, if you wish, you can use special services, they will also help to calculate the amount of sand and cement. It will not be superfluous to get advice from an experienced builder.

Having calculated the quantity and delivered the materials to the site, you can begin to build walls. This work can be started in different ways. Sometimes one wall is laid out, using it as a guideline, a gate is installed, especially if they are made of metal. When installing the gate, spacers are used that will hold them.

You can start laying after you have made sure that the base is perfectly aligned with the horizon. When laying bricks, the correctness of the erection of corners is especially carefully monitored - they will determine the strength of the structure being constructed.

The walls of the garage are usually laid in one and a half bricks, laying the bricks in such a way that the seams in the rows do not match. masonry is performed on a conventional mortar of cement and sand (1: 4), water. To check the evenness of the walls and identify slopes, a level and plumb lines are used.

The laying of the first row is carried out completely, then they begin to remove the corners, it turns out that the beginning of each row should be a corner connection. To make the rows even, after laying the corner bricks, a thin rope is pulled for each subsequent row.

To obtain a strong and beautiful masonry, you will need:

• carefully lay each brick, monitoring the uniformity of the load over the entire area,
• follow the chosen masonry pattern, the simplest option - for an inexperienced master, the optimal is a multi-row pattern, 5-6 spoon rows, one - tychkovy,
• use a quality solution
• avoid the appearance of thick seams (more than 10 mm).

The standard height of the front wall of the garage is 2.5 m, if the walls are high, then every five rows the masonry will need to be reinforced with a metal mesh.

If the garage is one-story, with flat roof, and its front wall will have standard height, then the back wall should be slightly lower, about 2-2.1 m. A roof located under such a slope will allow storm water to drain freely. Naturally, the side walls must also have an appropriate height to ensure a smooth transition from 2.5 to 2 m.

For more information on how to make high-quality masonry:

building a roof

The roof of the garage can be single-pitched or double-pitched. What should be the walls with a pitched roof, we have already considered above.

Slate can be used as a roofing material for a pitched roof. Laying it is carried out on a prepared wooden base, for it they use wooden beams located at a distance of 80-100 cm from each other. A board is laid on the beams, lined with a layer of roofing material, then slate sheets are laid and fixed. If desired, the ceiling can be insulated with mineral wool or expanded polystyrene sheets.

About the construction of a pitched roof in more detail:

If you choose a project option with a gable roof, you will need to build a truss system from logs and perform a crate.

Of course, such a system is quite complicated; an accurate calculation of the length of the rafters and the step, the oblique angle will be required. After the roof is erected, it is waterproofed and a thermal insulation system is built. Next, perform the installation of roofing material.

Such a roof will more reliably protect the structure from precipitation, if desired, it can be equipped as an attic and used as a pantry.

About the gable roof and its calculation, we watch the video:

making the floor

For the floor, you can use different materials:

• bricks,
• concrete,
• board.

Most often, concrete floors are poured in the garage. It is desirable that the floor level is 40-50 cm above the ground level.

interior decoration

On the inside of the wall, the garage can be plastered, then painted, whitewashed, lined with ceramic tiles or clapboard.

Finishing work should not be rushed - for some time the structure may shrink.

AT modern world each family has its own vehicle, some families can even afford to have several. The most common is the car. He becomes a real member of the family, he is taken care of, looked after and tries to keep in good conditions. Therefore, many car enthusiasts prefer their own garage to street parking, which serves not only as a home for the car, but also as a storage place. necessary tools and a station for the repair of the "iron horse".

Important Features

Having your a private house or a cottage, many owners prefer to have a garage nearby for a car. Moreover, it can be built with my own hands, even without having a construction or architectural education.

You just need to study well the materials for creating this simple design, correctly execute the plan and all preliminary calculations.

First of all, you need to decide what kind of building you need to build. The garage can be small, standard sizes for one car, have a flat shed roof. It can also be turned from a parking space into a whole complex of useful premises on a personal plot.

So, it can be two-story or with a gable roof, and under it there can be a small cozy attic, which will serve, for example, as a rest room or a guest room.

It is also possible to equip not just a viewing hole, but a real cellar for storing blanks for the winter, extra things. In such a garage, you can organize a small hozblok by installing racks, shelves, a desktop and even a sink.

For owners of two cars or a truck, you just need to increase the building parameters. You can even make separate blocks by building an additional partition. There are many options for building a garage. You just need to decide on the individual needs, desires and material capabilities of the owner.

Choice of material and design

This issue must be approached with all responsibility. Based on how much money will be allocated for construction, whether it will be an economy option or a luxurious room, you can proceed to the choice of the design itself and materials.

In the modern construction market there is a huge variety of materials, both cheap and expensive. Among them are:

• brick;
• sandwich panels;
• cinder blocks;
• gas silicate blocks;
• reinforced concrete slabs;
• polycarbonate;
• shield material.

In the role of auxiliary materials can be used:

• sleepers;
• bars;
• crushed stone;
• sand;
• cement.

Currently, the design of garages can be completely different. The most popular and simple can be called the usual rectangular structure. Today, the garages of the “pencil case” or “shell” type, popular in Soviet times, are practically a thing of the past. They could be installed anywhere, as they were more like tents for cars.

Such "pencil cases" garages quickly became popular. They had a number of advantages:

• low price and ease of installation;
• protection of the car from bad weather and theft;
• the ability to place near the house;
• additional storage space.

Today we can distinguish the following types of garages:

1. From brick. This is a solid building that will last for many years. But at the same time, it is the most complex and expensive.
2. From various blocks. It is warm, has less weight than brick, and the material for construction is cheaper.
3. From metal. For its manufacture, professional welding is required. This is a lightweight construction, but such a garage is very cold and requires insulation.
4. frame garage. It is easy to build. Any available materials may be used.

There are even such motorists who build an underground garage. It is not visible to others and saves space on the site. It is easy to bring all communications to it directly from the house: electricity, heating, plumbing, and even sewerage. In addition, it can be accessed directly from the house.

Project

First and very milestone construction is project development. Prior to its approval, it is necessary to determine the place of construction. The garage can be either freestanding or attached to any building on the site. The main thing is that it is comfortable to use and it fits into the overall design of the yard.

A detached garage is chosen if, with such an arrangement, it will be more convenient to drive up to it. You can even build it in such a place that the gate will immediately open onto the road.

An attached garage is useful if the main building is close to the outside of the property. With this arrangement, it even becomes possible to combine communications with the house.

With regard to construction costs depending on the choice of location, it should be noted that separate garage it will cost less, since in the case of an extension, it will be necessary to strengthen the foundation of an existing building, which will inevitably incur additional costs.

When creating a project, it is not necessary to resort to the help of professionals. It is necessary to make at least the simplest drawing indicating all the dimensions of the planned building. The main thing is that the drawing contains information about:

• Purpose of construction. If the garage is designed only for storing a car, its area will be smaller than if it is planned to equip additional places for storing inventory, repairing a car or relaxing there.
• The size of the building. They depend primarily on the size and number of cars.

Having decided on the location, drawing a project of a capital structure with planned dimensions, you can begin the calculation of materials and, accordingly, the cost of them.

This stage must be taken extremely responsibly, because errors in the calculations can lead to a shortage of materials or, conversely, to unnecessary spending.

Marking and earthworks

In order to transfer finished project on the ground, you will need the following tools:

• strong kapron thread;
• roulette;
• stakes or parts of reinforcement;
• big hammer.

With the help of them, you will need to make the same drawing, only already on the ground and in full size.

After that, you can proceed to earthworks. You can dig trenches either manually or with a mini excavator, if available. Immediately it is necessary to prepare a place for a viewing hole, if necessary. Its depth should be about two meters, although this figure may vary.

The main thing to consider is that the depth is considered optimal, 15-20 cm more than a person’s height. The width will be enough up to 1 meter. The length of the pit, about two meters, is sufficient to repair any car.

For the foundation of the future foundation, the optimal depth of the trench will be from 60 to 100 cm. Although it is worth considering the type of soil and climatic conditions. If necessary, it can be increased.

Foundation: options

Today there is a wide variety of foundations. But the most common can be called a monolithic foundation. You can build it in two ways:

• small stones are laid in a trench, then poured with concrete mortar;
• reinforcement is installed in the trench and filled with mortar.

It must be taken into account that the foundation must be above ground level. Therefore, formwork is additionally manufactured and installed. Its height will indicate the level of the foundation. Thus, the garage foundation device has next steps:

1. Stone is laid in the trench in layers, each is poured with concrete.
2. Formwork is installed around the perimeter. It is made of boards about 10 cm wide strictly according to the level.
3. The material for moisture insulation is laid on top. Roofing material is good for this purpose.
4. Concrete mortar is poured at the level of the formwork and leveled.

It is necessary to wait for the complete drying of the structure. This will take about three weeks. Otherwise, the foundation will be short-lived.

erection

Quickly, efficiently and for a long time, you can build a garage on your site from brick or expanded clay concrete slabs. The principle of their laying is the same. They differ only in size.

Walls

After the foundation has dried, you can proceed to laying the walls. Be sure to lay waterproofing a little wider than the wall.

The laying of bricks or blocks should take place according to a scheme in which the elements of the upper row overlap the seams of the lower one. Construction is better to start from the corners. The evenness of the walls is controlled by a level and a plumb line.

You need to take care of the mortar for masonry walls. It must be kneaded at the rate of one bucket of cement per 4.5 buckets of sand. It shouldn't be too liquid. To achieve the plasticity of the solution, you can extract half a bucket of clay. In the future, this will prevent delamination.

If the project had windows and doors, then under them, respectively, an empty space is left according to the desired dimensions of these structures.

Roof

There are 2 main types of roofs:

• lean-to;
• gable.

Shed roof has more simple design, it is less costly. But during its construction, you need to remember that you need to make a slope. Its optimal value is 10-12 degrees. With this value, precipitation does not accumulate and completely leaves the roof. Probably the only disadvantage of such a structure is the lack of an attic.

As for the gable roof, it is more difficult to equip, more expensive due to the need to purchase additional material. On the other hand, under it you can build an attic or attic.

If you still build a shed roof, then you should start from its base. Wooden beams are taken and laid across the building with an approximate step of one meter. Then they need to be sewn wooden beam at least 4 cm thick as tightly as possible.

The next layer is roofing material and insulation. Next, you need to equip and pour a cement screed. As a final topcoat, for example, aquiazole or rubemax can be used. It is better to build visors on the front and end sides of the roof.

Gates, windows, doors

It is necessary to mount metal-plastic or wooden windows and metal doors.

Windows can be made sash (hinged), lifting or deaf at will. Although the latter option is not recommended, as it will not be possible to ventilate the room, and harmful chemicals can accumulate in it. In addition, at modern windows you can choose the type of glass. They can be:

• patterned;
• sun protection;
• anti-glare;
• unbreakable;
• fire fighting;
• multilayer.

Each type has its own properties, and depending on the needs of the owner, you can choose either the original appearance, or ease of use, or safety. Naturally, the price of such windows will be much higher.

As for the gate, there are also several options. You can install conventional double-leaf metal gate, or you can choose the more expensive option and install roller shutters, which can be manual or electric. The last option, of course, is the most expensive, and installation and configuration remote control it is better to entrust professionals. On the other hand, this option is the most prestigious, easy and convenient to use.

There are several types of garage doors depending on their design:

• Swing. They are inexpensive and consist of two leaves of the canvas, they are easy to make with your own hands.
• Sectional. They represent sectional canvas, which, when opened, rises to the ceiling with the help of a lifting mechanism.
• Rollback. Open by sliding to the side.
• Roller shutters. They consist of plates, which, when opened, are folded into a specially made box.

Also, the gate must meet the following requirements:

1. ensure unhindered and comfortable check-in and check-out of the car, fully comply with its dimensions;
2. be durable and burglar-resistant;
3. provide protection from the effects environment.

Closing openings

Openings and cracks must be filled. This is best done on 2/3 of the gap. Once the foam dries, the excess can be trimmed to give an aesthetic appearance to the structure. After that, they can be trimmed with corners made of plastic, metal or wood.

Parapet

On the roof along the front and side parts, it is recommended to equip a parapet of about 20-30 cm in height. It can be made of brick or foam concrete.

Floor and wall insulation

The floor in the garage must be arranged flush with or slightly above the basement. The design must be strong and durable.

First of all, you need to level the base well. Lay a layer of crushed stone about 5 cm on it. Then it is necessary to fill the floor with concrete mortar and level it well. The concrete layer will turn out to be impressive, it needs to be allowed to dry well.

The floor in the garage can also be made of concrete slabs, and the space between them should be laid with small stones and cemented.

Since the garage is used all year round, it is better to immediately insulate its walls. For this you can use mineral wool or foam. The insulation scheme is simple: a crate is attached to the walls, it is better to apply waterproofing to it. Then the insulation blocks are laid. At the end, sheathing is performed, for example, from drywall, siding or lining.

With this wall decoration, the garage will turn out to be warm, it will not freeze in the winter. And the car will be in comfortable conditions.

Roof waterproofing

Garage roof waterproofing is an important stage of construction. How dry the room will turn out will depend on its correct implementation, because the roof will not let moisture through in bad weather or in winter. In the process of roof waterproofing, every stage is important - from the choice of materials to competent and professional installation.

For its correct implementation, it is necessary to correctly select materials. They should be:

• durable - the material must be resistant to loads and environmental influences;
• elastic - this property should save the waterproofing layer from destruction in case of any deformations;
• have good water-repellent characteristics - the material must not let through not only the water itself, but also its vapors;
• heat-resistant - this is important for maintaining and maintaining heat in the room.

On the market building materials There are several types of waterproofing materials:

1. Membrane systems. The membrane has good properties, can be used even with strong temperature fluctuations. This is a very durable material. It can last up to 50 years. It can be installed in all weather conditions.
2. polymer mastics. They have high strength, reliability and durability. They do not need repair for several decades. This coating retains its operational properties even in a harsh climate, it is not afraid of either frost or the sun, it does not melt or crack. When applying the mastic, there are no seams, which is an additional protection against external factors.
3. Film coatings. The special roofing film has microperforation. Thanks to micropores, air is ventilated. Roofing anti-condensation film is made of viscose, which allows it to absorb moisture well. This type of waterproofing is best used when constructing roofs from metal tiles or corrugated board.

Liquid rubber, mastic is well suited for waterproofing a pitched roof. It should be noted that waterproofing works are best done in warm sunny weather.

Finishing work inside and outside

The choice of interior and exterior finishing works is limited only by imagination and finances. Finishing can be as minimal as possible, using simple and cheap materials such as cement mix, whitewash or plaster, or it can be spent on it and give the garage a presentable look both outside and inside. Brick walls can be finished with clapboard or siding.

AT two-storey garages great attention can be paid to the decoration of the second floor or attic. From it you can get a full-fledged room, if you dream up and give it an original design.

Finishing the outer surface of the garage can be done in various ways:

• plaster;
• stitching;
• finishing with natural stone;
• facing with sheet materials.

External wall plastering can be done in different color. There are various decorative plasters, such as terrazitic, stone or lime-sand. Stone ones are the most durable, but when finishing them, you need to invest a lot of effort and money in the work. They are applied in two to four layers with a total thickness of about 10 cm.

Lime-sand plasters are applied with the addition of a small amount of cement. Mica can be added to terrasite plaster to give walls an attractive sheen. After the layer of such plaster has dried, it must be wiped off. With the help of seams, you can give them a different shape and color.

Layers of stone chips can be applied to the outer walls of the garage. It must be moistened with water and applied directly to a fresh primer coat.

Finishing the garage can also be done by painting it. Before this, the walls must be sanded. After painting oil paints you can apply varnish to the walls to give them shine. The varnish is applied to a dry, clean surface, preferably in two layers.

You can also use nitro paints. They are usually produced ready-made, and applied using spray guns. They dry very quickly.

Interior decoration is also an important element. It not only protects the garage from harmful environmental factors, but also makes it look attractive. It must meet the following requirements:

• Be nonflammable. Even with a small ignition, the fire can go to it, this should not be allowed.
• Be resistant to contact with chemicals.
• Be carefree.
• Resistant to dirt and damage.

Plastering the interior walls of the garage today is economical and in a simple way finishes. It is non-flammable, easy to repair and great for almost any garage structure.

Finishing inside can be done using ceramic tiles. It is fireproof, protects against moisture, mechanical damage, chemical influences, and is easy to clean. With this finish, the garage becomes cozy and presentable. By the way, this type of finish is best done on brick or concrete walls that are thick enough.

Another way to finish is to cover with plastic sheets. It is easy to perform and economical. PVC panels are fire resistant and waterproof. They are easy to install and give the garage a well-groomed look.

The ceiling of the garage can also be plastered or coated plastic panels. The material of its lining may depend on the desires and preferences of the owner.

Since there is often not enough light in the garage, you often have to use power tools or electric heaters, then at the finishing stage it is also necessary to supply electricity to the garage by any convenient way. The garage is usually connected to the power supply through a common house machine.

The wiring diagram must necessarily include separate lines for 220 and 380 V. In order to properly equip the building with electricity, it is necessary to draw up a power supply circuit. It takes into account all electrical appliances that will take place in the garage, and their location. These are sockets and lighting, and heaters.

It is desirable that each line be connected separately, for this it is necessary to use circuit breakers.

After connecting the power supply, sockets and switches can be installed. Decorative lamps are installed on the walls and ceiling of the garage. If there is a viewing hole, you must not forget about its lighting.

Installation of electricity can be done independently, only if you have special knowledge and skills for this, because this is a very difficult and even dangerous task.

It will be easier and safer to entrust this work to qualified specialists. Of course, their work will cost quite a lot, but you won’t have to worry about the result. Experienced electricians will definitely check the quality of all connections after completion of work and give a guarantee for their work.

Heating selection

But even when the garage is insulated, it is better to additionally equip the heating system in it, especially if it will be used to repair the car. Heating can be of two types - constant and intermittent.

Permanent heating is a reduced copy of the heating system at home. It's expensive and troublesome. With this type of heating, it will be necessary to install radiators in the garage and connect them with an additional pipe to the heating system of the house. You can also use gas heating in the presence of gas pipe next to the garage.

Periodic heating is not difficult to organize. But at the same time it is not particularly comfortable and convenient. With this type of heating system, garages are equipped with stoves, always with chimneys. You can heat them with any combustible material. But often it is not possible to achieve uniform heating of the room with their help. Such heaters must be placed as far as possible from combustible objects in order to avoid a fire.

Therefore, often in garages they use the simplest methods of heating - heat guns. They are mobile, do not cause unnecessary trouble and warm the room well. The heat gun is powered by electricity. They can be placed in several different places if the garage area is impressive.

You can also use the air heating option. Need to build ventilation duct, select a heat exchanger and a fan. The most effective is the direction of hot air from the bottom up.

You can also heat the garage using infrared radiation. To do this, a heater is bought and connected to the mains. With this method, the heating of the room is achieved in a few minutes. Such heating system works even with the garage door open.

When choosing heating in the garage, they are most often guided by the following important criteria:

• ease of maintenance;
• availability;
• ease of operation;
• reliability and efficiency.

Summing up, it should be noted that the construction of a garage is not too difficult, but a very responsible task. Before starting work, it is necessary to determine the location of the building, because it must be both convenient and safe.

So, for example, it is not recommended to build a garage in the back of the yard, as this can complicate an unhindered access to it. In addition, it is better to erect it on a flat surface or elevation, but in no case in a lowland. Groundwater and precipitation can accumulate there, which will lead to a reduction in its service life.

It is better to place the building away from trees in order to avoid their sudden destruction and the germination of roots under the foundation.

You need to think in advance what the design of the garage will be. The choice of building materials, insulation, waterproofing and even finishing, internal and external, will depend on it. It is immediately better to take into account the features of the building, whether it is the presence of a viewing hole or even a cellar, the type of roof.

On the shed roof, you can build a terrace for relaxation. When choosing a gable, it would be nice to build an attic, an attic, or even a full-fledged second floor. So you can immediately "kill two birds with one stone": get a reliable home for a personal car and additional living space, for example, to accommodate guests.

It is necessary to correctly draw up a construction project and correctly calculate the required amount of building materials in order to avoid unnecessary expenses.

When building a garage, you must strictly follow the sequence, norms and rules of construction. Do not neglect constant measurements, control of the level and quality of the materials used.

Depending on the cost of construction, you can choose either a more economical version of the roof, gates and finishes, or, if possible, use innovative technologies when choosing gates, thermal and waterproofing, heating and building cladding.

It is also possible to partially or completely resort to the help of professionals who can correctly mount various elements of the building.

Special attention should be given to internal and exterior finish garage. They can combine an attractive appearance, and protection from harmful environmental factors, and ease of installation and even safety in operation.

Be sure to take into account the presence of communications in the room - electricity, plumbing and heating. They can be both combined with common houses and made autonomous.

Thus, the construction of a garage is a slow process, quite laborious and requiring great care and responsibility. But if you follow all the standards, rules and regulations, take into account all kinds of factors, then the end result will be of high quality, durable and convenient. Such a garage will not only be a cozy home for a car, comfortable for repair work and storing all kinds of tools, but will also become a reason for pride and decoration of a personal plot.

By functionality closed parking for a car are divided into: temporary, combined, capital.

Temporary- reveal their task already in the title itself:

• they are created for a certain period (until they build a major garage, or get a place in the CAS, or change the car);
• they are built from lightweight materials, using collapsible technology;
• sometimes they don't even need a foundation;
• they do not need a legalization procedure.

Combined garages- lightweight parking for subsiding soils. They are:

• constructive combination of a capital foundation and a prefabricated building based on a frame;
• warming, summing up communications, interior decoration is acceptable for them;
• experts attribute this type of garage to Swedish technology.

Capital designed for long-term storage of equipment and even its conservation. They have:

• a reliable foundation made of concrete, reinforced concrete blocks, rubble stone;
• walls made of masonry material resistant to strong gusts of wind and penetration of intruders;
• window and door, except gate;
• heating and supply of necessary communications;
• , cellar;
• finishing floor;
• and equipment for storage and repair;
• they must be registered in the BTI.

Reference: A detached capital garage in area will not be less 30m². It is usually complemented by swing or sectional doors with insulation from the inside.

DIY brick garage: basic material

So let's build brick garage with your own hands. Brick- artificial masonry material from mineral raw materials (clay or sand and lime) of standard sizes. There are white and red bricks:

• white- silicate, dense, its weight is up to 3.8 kg, but it is most vulnerable to high humidity and fire;
• red- ceramic (3.6 - 2.5 kg), obtained in the process of firing; in comparison, it has undeniable advantages, but is high in price.

From what brick build a garage? For low-rise buildings which is the garage, both types are suitable.

But silicate brick is categorically not suitable for the device of the base, and the walls from it require protective coating from the effects of rain and snow.

Red brick is produced as:

full bodied- made from a homogeneous mass, such a brick weighs up to 3.6kg.

He is represented the following types: ordinary brick, facing, clinker (from clay of a special type at high firing t◦), requires a special composition of masonry mortar, fireclay (special firing technology) - for stoves and fireplaces.

For garage walls, the choice of the first two is optimal. Facing- it costs more and is used to maintain the overall architectural unity of all buildings on the site.

Dimensional brick standard:

• single (250x120x65mm);
• one and a half (250x120x88);
• double (250x120x138);
• quarter (65x120x65);
• eurobrick (250x65x85 or 250x88x85);
• restoration.

hollow brick- lightweight (by 18%) due to internal voids various shapes(weighs 2.5 kg), which act as an additional heat insulator. This material is cheaper and more in demand in low-rise construction.

porous brick- hollow with many micropores, which are obtained during firing as a result of the burning out of sawdust mixed into the clay base. This brick is especially effective to save heat and has high sound insulation. It also works like a natural air conditioner, which is especially valuable for a garage where gasoline vapors accumulate.

The strength of the material is reflected in labeling bricks. For the construction of a brick garage GOST 530 suitable red brick M 75(the most durable M 300), which means:

• vintage (M);
• large format;
• with horizontal voids;
• frost-resistant;
• withstand a load of 75kg per 1cm².

Brick garage: in one brick - a, in half a brick - b:

Advantages and disadvantages

Advantages:

1. Compressive strength 110-120 kg/cm², allowing to withstand: bearing and wind load, foundation shrinkage, seasonal freezing.
2. Environmental friendliness. Compound - natural natural materials : clay, sand, water; breathability and resistance to fungal infections.
3. Frost resistance (F) in Russia - 35-50 cycles;
4. Generation-tested durability: according to GOST - 100-150 years without facade repair (with proper masonry).
5. Fire safety is that the material do not support combustion.
6. Noise isolation brick walls above than panel or wooden partitions.
7. Versatility applications: by number of floors, functionality, complexity of the project.
8. Aesthetics of the masonry surface, the possibility of application decorative techniques masonry.

Flaw only one - the high cost of construction brick garage, including the solidity of the required foundation.

Reference: For masonry work skill. Even for specialists, the construction of brick walls is not given quickly: the construction of a garage will require 2-3 months.

How to start building and step by step instructions

How to build brick garage with your own hands? Need to order a professionally designed project in one of the specialized companies, or download on the Internet from the database standard projects. The project must contain all the nuances of the construction process from the foundation to the roof, dimensions, level marks, fastening methods.

It must be tied to the features of the relief of the site, taking into account the level of groundwater. At a level above 2.5 meters from the construction of an inspection pit, you will have to refuse.

Having a project in hand, you need to find out how much brick you need for a garage. It is done like this:

1. The volume of the solid walls of the garage is calculated, for which you need to know the dimensions and thickness of the wall.
2. The volume of the working unit (brick) is determined.
3. The total volume is divided by the volume of the working unit, adding 10-15% for contingencies.

• per 1m² - 50pcs. and 35 liters of mortar, if laying in half a brick;
• per 1m² - 100pcs. and 60 liters of mortar, if laying in brick;
• in 1 cu. m- 512pcs. single brick;
• in the packing pallet there are 420 pieces of solid bricks;
• in the back of a ZIL- 6 pallets;
• Gazelle transports only one pallet.

Help: Size brick garage(6x3) at a height of 3 meters with a gate 2x2.5m. To do this, you will need 5,626 bricks when laying one and a half bricks, with rounding - 15 cubic meters. That's how easy we calculated how much bricks for garage need.

How to build a brick garage with your own hands? The sequence of work fits into a typical algorithm:
1. Training construction site.
2. Excavation for the preparation of the foundation and the pit of the inspection pit, basement.
3. Device foundation(sand and gravel dumping, trench sealing, formwork, reinforcement, concrete pouring).
4. Wall masonry from brick (from corners in order).
5. breeding 2 pillars(in 1 brick) at the gate with embedded elements.
6. Bottom concreting viewing hole, masonry of its walls.
7. Device floors and truss system for a gable (one-pitched) roof. Its insulation, sealing and coating with roofing material.
8. The device of concrete and finishing gender.
9. Hanging gate.

Better start building in the spring in warm dry weather. By autumn, the garage will be roofed. finishing(external and internal) should be done after complete shrinkage of the foundation - after 1.5 years.

Foundation laying

For a brick garage foundation choose based on the massiveness and weight of the walls, ceilings, roofs, gates.

It is possible to withstand such a weight from monolithic reinforced concrete, in addition, it allows you to dispose of the internal space for a viewing hole or basement.

On moving soil, a type of strip foundation is used - "floating" monolith with drainage system.

The trench for concreting must be wide more thickness of brick walls, and in depth - 80 cm (an indicator is the depth of soil freezing).

30 of them will be occupied by well-compacted sand and gravel filling, made on the bottom of the trench lined with a film.

OSB formwork along the top of the trench will raise the concrete monolith 15-20 cm above the ground. This will plinth- a place of transition from cold to heat, protection of future walls from dampness. In it, it is necessary to leave vents 15 cm wide at a distance of 3 meters from each other.

Concrete is poured only after the trench is filled with intersecting corrugated bars ᴓ10-12 cm, fastened with plastic or wire clamps at the intersection. At the same time, pipes for the communications wire are being laid. For mortar, take 1 part of cement M 300, 5 parts gravel and 3 parts sand.

The consistency should be homogeneous but not liquid. The filling process must be carried out within 2 hours.

Advice: The soil selected during earthworks, can distribute inside the garage to raise the floor level, taking into account the height of the plinth. Even before building a foundation for a brick garage, the level of the bottom of the trench must be carefully align with the horizon.

Features of masonry walls

Garage walls can be laid out in 1 brick and in 1.5 bricks. The choice depends on the strength of the constant winds and the minus maximum in the area:

• wall at a height of 2 meters, laid out in 1 brick, can withstand air masses moving at a speed of 15-17 m/s and frost down to -22◦С;
• with hurricane wind - up to 45m/sec. and t◦C below -22◦С, a wall of the same height, laid out in 1.5 bricks.

For the quality of the wall being built, it will be especially important first 5 rows. They must be carefully checked for level and plumb, starting from the corners of the foundation masonry. The 1st row is laid out on a roll sealant that isolates the base from the wall.

It is characterized by a bonded arrangement of bricks in a row. First I lay out the outer verst, and then the inner one.

The adhesion of materials is carried out by a solution, which, depending on the required strength, is prepared in the ratio of cement to sand, as 1:2, 1:3 ... 1:5.

Its readiness can be determined by hanging with a weight of 300 grams, which, with the optimal consistency of the solution, will go into it under its own weight by 10 cm.

Rows of bricks are laid with dressing, so that the verticals of the ribs are exactly observed, but at the same time they are displaced in each row by 0.5 lengths. Every 5th row do tychkov. If the row is not laid out from whole stones, the chipped half it is forbidden put in a corner. For broken bricks, the place is only in the spoon row, preferably a second verst.

The strength of the masonry is affected by the thickness of the mortar joint, which should not exceed 1 cm horizontally and 1.5 cm vertically. Seam reduction weakens masonry.

Important: The seams should not protrude above the plane of the wall: it is correct when they are flush with it or sink a little. If the wall is left unfinished, - this rule is immutable. Under the facade plaster, the seam can be less carefully sealed in order to improve the adhesion of the wall and the facing layer.

The strength of the wall can strengthen reinforcing mesh or wire, laying it on every 3rd row.

To ensure the evenness of the rows, use orders: special marked rails with divisions according to the height of the brick, taking into account the mortar (77mm). Stretching the cord between the orders, fill with a brick part of the wall between the corners.

To obtain a flawless wall surface, sometimes use formwork from its front side, which does not allow the brick to move out of the row. As the work progresses, the formwork is raised higher.

To prevent the brick from drawing moisture out of the solution, it must first be sprinkled with water, or even left for a couple of hours in a water bath.

The thickness of the walls of a brick garage (1.5) cannot ensure the safety of heat in the garage. Therefore, with this type of masonry, you will have to make insulation from the inside. basalt mats or polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam. Warming is carried out according to the norms of warming the walls of houses under plaster.

The ends of the beams for the openings of windows and gates are laid, having previously wrapped them ruberoid, in a tychkovy row, without closing. The wood of the beams and the truss system must be impregnated with flame retardants and an antiseptic.

Roof

Strength and reliability - the main characteristics capital structure. The device of the truss system should protect the roof from destruction by a gust of wind. Therefore, the base of the rafters is attached to the masonry nests with dowels.

The slope of the roof must be within 20-45◦ , so that the spontaneous rolling of snow in winter can be ensured.

The edge of the roof should move forward outside the garage wall by 50 cm and have gutters for drains that drain rain water from the foundation.

Sheet roofing material they are laid on the crate with an overlap (20 cm), well smearing the joints with bitumen.

Under any roofing material, it is necessary to put a roll sealant, insulation, vapor-permeable film.

In a major garage, a ceiling or internal lining of the roof along with insulation can be arranged. For air exchange ventilation will be natural, forced or combined.

For natural supply circulation according to the laws of physics, there will be enough air left in the basement during the formation of the foundation, and an outlet pipe (with nozzles and a cap) made of metal or asbestos ᴓ15 cm (15 mm per meter of area) on the roof.

It is important that the inflow and outflow of air fall on opposite corners of the room. Sometimes air inlets with a grate are left in the body of the gate.

The ventilation efficiency can be increased by setting fan at the base of the exhaust pipe. It will create a difference in pressure, which will improve the flow fresh air from the products.

What can't be done without?

1. Outside, around the perimeter of the garage, it is advisable to arrange concrete blind areas 70 cm wide (with a slope) - to protect the foundation from rainwater runoff.
2. Choice gender must take into account the constant mechanical impact on it, the possibility of getting oil and gasoline.
3. Window opening can be laid glass blocks- they will provide illumination and protection against penetration.
4. perfect finishing material for the walls will facade plaster placed on the primer.
5. On the inner wall opposite the gate, it is advisable to fix a board sheathed with rubber at the level of the bumper. She is protect the car from the consequences of an unexpected blow.
6. For heating such a garage, they will be effective infrared emitters or factory ovens on solid fuel.
7. Regardless of the choice of the type of gate, they will need to be insulate to keep warm.
8. Inspection pit, if not in use, closes wooden shield to prevent condensation.
9. Wiring for a viewing hole requires a reliable isolation, on its wall (for convenience) they install a switch and sockets for electrical equipment.
10. The cellar must have sealed hatch and stairs for the descent.

As you can see build brick garage not a very easy thing. But, because the garage is called capital, that it must provide all the amenities for the car and its owner for a long period.

Useful video

How to build brick wall garage:

The construction of a garage for a car is a condition for its careful preservation and reliable protection from thieves. From what today they just do not build garages, but still the first place in terms of strength and reliability is occupied by brick garages.

Yes, even if they are not the cheapest, but their service life, with proper arrangement and careful operation, can reach a hundred years. How to build a brick garage? Let's take a look in this article.

Watch a video on how to build a brick garage with your own hands

The main stages of the construction of a brick garage

Depending on the material chosen, the number of certain stages of work for the construction of a garage may differ. As for the arrangement of a brick garage, the implementation of such work has some features. One of them is as follows: it will take about three months to build. To achieve the desired result, each of the stages of work must be performed with the highest quality.

To briefly name the main types of work, they include:

1) arrangement of the foundation;

2) the formation of the base;

3) building walls;

4) gate installation;

5) roofing works;

6) pouring the floor;

7) different kinds finishes.

Let's consider each of them in more detail.

brick garage foundation

You should immediately pay attention to the quality of this stage of work, since the success of the entire construction will depend on it. The brick itself has a lot of weight and, in addition, it is able to quickly transfer heat to the outside compared, for example, with similar buildings made of foam blocks and gas blocks. Therefore, to create walls, it is necessary to increase their thickness, and this increases the load on the foundation. In order for the concrete base of the garage to be able to reliably perform all its functions for many years, such a foundation (it is better to use a tape one) must be both deep and strong.

The marking of the territory intended for construction should be carried out according to standard technology using pegs and a strong thread. After that, a trench is dug around the perimeter, the width of which should be slightly larger than the width of the future walls. The trench should be deepened evenly around the entire perimeter below the freezing level of the soil. As a rule, 1 meter is enough. If you do not adhere to such a requirement, this may adversely affect the reliability of the entire structure.

After reaching the required depth, a layer of sand (approximately 300 mm) should be evenly laid on the bottom of the trench and compacted, while performing watering work using a conventional watering can and water. You can also use a watering hose with an appropriate nozzle.

After that, you need to proceed with the installation of the frame from building reinforcement, the thickness of which should be in the range from 8 to 12 mm. During installation, you need to create a grid with cells of approximately 20 by 20 mm. They are connected to each other with a wire and a hook. When performing this stage of work, one feature should be taken into account: the reinforcement frame must be positioned so that it does not come into contact with the sand bed. Otherwise, the reinforcement will rust and this will have a negative impact on the quality and durability of the entire foundation. Now you can fill the trench with concrete to its full depth.

If it is not possible to order ready-made concrete, it can be mixed with a concrete mixer. To do this, one part of cement is mixed with two of the same parts of sand and 5 parts of fine-grained gravel are added to them. All this is qualitatively mixed with the addition of the required amount of water. Before starting the construction of the basement, you need to wait for the foundation to dry completely. Typically, this will take approximately one month.

Next, lay the brick base to a height of approximately 300 mm using standard technology. To prevent moisture from rising from the ground onto the walls of the garage, several layers of waterproofing should be laid between the upper part of the foundation and the plinth, which can serve as roofing material. The first row of bricks is laid on a thicker layer of cement mortar in order to even out any deviations from horizontal arrangement. In other words, the first row of the plinth must be perfectly level with respect to the horizon.

Brick garage walls

Wall laying should begin with the construction of corners. All four corners must be strictly vertical in level. In the process of erecting each of them, a nylon thread is pulled between adjacent corners. Focusing on it, erect the walls of the garage.

But before proceeding with the arrangement of the walls, you first need to install the gate, while securing them with spacers. Subsequently, the gate should be overlaid with bricks on all sides. For reliable fixation of the frame, pieces of building reinforcement about 400 mm long are welded to its side parts and placed at the junction of every third or fifth row of bricks.

Wall masonry is carried out with a thickness of 1 or 1.5 bricks. For construction, a solution is used in which cement and sand are in a ratio of 1 to 4. All this must be mixed in required quantity water. In the process of masonry, you need to check the walls vertically with a plumb line and horizontally - the building level. For the arrangement of a conventional garage, a wall height of 2500 mm is sufficient. If there is a need to increase this value, then it will be necessary to reinforce every fifth row of masonry with a reinforcing mesh.

To equip a shed roof during the construction of walls, you should focus on creating a slope from the gate towards the back of the garage. For example, if the height of the wall near the gate is 2500 mm, then the same parameter of the back wall should be 2000 m. This should also be taken into account when building side walls.

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Types of buildings

A brick garage for 2 cars can be different. Buildings from silicate brick are divided into the following varieties:

• Garage built into the house. It is designed and reduced at the time when the walls of the dwelling are being built.
• A room attached to a house. Assumes one common wall and identical facades.
• Separate building. It is being built on a site "from scratch". It requires laying communications: electricity, heating, sewerage. It is better if the building is located near the exit from the yard.

A garage built integrally with a living space has its own advantages: sewerage, heating and entrance from the house.

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How to make projects right?

The risk of fire in such a building should be minimized.

The construction of brick walls begins with several requirements that apply to the future structure:

• the building should not have a tendency to sunbathe;
• the garage must protect the vehicle from adverse weather conditions;
• Garage doors are designed to be locked from the inside and outside.

To meet these conditions, it is important to design the future structure in advance, taking into account the terrain on which it is reduced, the possibility of soil descent or washing away. The project must include a cellar, pantry or attic. In addition, it is important to think over the floor in advance, because a building with a shed roof suggests one scheme, and a building with other types of covering - another. When creating a project for pouring the basement, the need for car repair work in the garage and the planning of the “pit” are foreseen. When implementing the scheme, the financial capabilities of the developer are taken into account.

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Required materials and calculations

To build a brick garage, you need to choose the right materials. When buying consumables, pay attention to some additional characteristics:

If for exterior finish use facing brick, then the building does not need to be further processed.

• Strength and reliability: cheap brick, low-quality cement mix and garage doors will lead to the fact that brickwork deformed or the structure can be "opened" by intruders.
• Fire resistance and moisture resistance: those characteristics that are realized at 100%. The materials that ensure their implementation must be of high quality.
• Beautiful appearance: structure lined facing brick, does not require additional finishing, which minimizes material and physical work.

The correct calculation of materials is carried out through the use of special forms, however, they are complex and it is difficult for an ordinary person to deal with them. Another option is distinguished: to determine what wall thickness is expected and, based on the size of each fragment, the number of required bricks is calculated. It is also taken into account that some sections are laid out in 1 brick or half a brick. Interior decoration is made after the walls of the garage are ready. It is already easier to calculate materials for work based on the quadrature of the room.

If a brick cellar is planned, it is necessary to determine in advance the size and quantity of additional materials.

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Algorithm for building a brick garage

It is most convenient to build a garage in a cooperative.

After the design and procurement activities have been completed, construction begins. Prior to construction of a separate structure, a permit must be obtained. If the garage is located in a cooperative, they apply to the board. This solution is popular among car owners, since here you can make not only capital buildings, but also lay down a shelter from a metal profile. If we are talking about the simultaneous construction of houses and structures for a garage, the latter is included in the plan as a non-residential premises.

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Proper preparation is a strong foundation

Before proceeding with the pouring of materials, it is necessary to accurately delineate the area with a rope that is put on a wooden stake. After that, the area is cleared and the trenching begins, into which the foundation will be poured. The optimal depth is calculated from the level of soil freezing. You can do this yourself, but if a cellar or “pit” is placed inside the building, you will need special equipment. You need to dig so that the walls are even, and the bottom is dense. If the terrain is characterized by a loose soil structure, the trench can be compacted with dry sand or gravel.

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Varieties and installation process

More often they use a monolithic foundation, which is poured continuously, but this type has disadvantages: the “seams” can be deformed. An inexpensive option is a rubble concrete look: a rubble stone is laid on the bottom and poured on top with cement mortar until the entire space is filled. As for the formwork, it is only necessary if a floor project with a plinth is supposed. In such cases, it is also necessary to isolate the floor from moisture by lining it with roofing material. Regardless of the type of foundation, it takes at least 7 days to dry completely, and the structure can be mounted no earlier than 30 days later.

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Proper wall construction

The half-brick construction method is suitable for warm areas.

After all the piles of the foundation have hardened, you can begin to lay out beautiful and even walls. In warm regions, one brick is laid out, if we are talking about the northern regions, one and a half or two are needed. If such a structure is insulated over time, it will retain its appearance and car in any frost. The main thing is to follow some rules when laying bricks:

• Constantly monitor the level.
• Work according to the same plan.
• Choose a quality solution and prepare it correctly.
• Monitor the thickness of the seam - no more than 1 cm. If the builder is unsure, he can use special rails, the thickness of which is 8 mm.

Usually, a “chain” layout technique is used, which involves laying out fragments so that each next row overlaps the seams of the previous one. The laying starts from the corner where the alignment is made, and then the rope is pulled from point to point and the rest of the fragments are laid along it. If a single-pitched ceiling is planned, it is necessary to raise the roof in advance, providing it with the necessary slope angle.

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Roof for building

After the walls have hardened, proceed to the installation of the roof. If the garage is already insulated up to this point, no difficulties will arise. However, they plan so that it is possible to raise the gate without problems. In most cases, a shed roof is installed, which covers a room 6 m long. The beams are attached to the wall with a slope. After installing the elements, boards are installed on them as tightly as possible. If a gap has formed, then you can close the crack by laying a layer of roofing material. After that, the main roofing material is installed. There are several varieties of it:

The roof can be covered with corrugated board.

• corrugated board;
• slate;
• metal tile;
• false roof.

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Filling the floor

Most often, reinforced concrete floors are used in red brick garages. Practice shows that such a coating is durable and practical. The filling algorithm consists of the following steps:

1. Remove the top layer of soil.
2. Cover the bare area with sand with a layer of 10 cm so that closer to the exit there is a slope of a couple of degrees.
3. Lay waterproofing (preferably roofing material).
4. Pour a 10 cm layer of concrete.
5. Spread the second layer after the first has dried. It can be made from a self-leveling mixture or from concrete of a thicker consistency.
6. Outside, make a blind area of ​​​​50 cm in the same way as the coating inside.

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Interior and exterior decoration

After everything construction works completed, it is necessary to insulate the brick garage, as well as paint its walls so that it has a more aesthetic appearance. Inside, the building can be sheathed with clapboard or drywall, especially when it comes to finishing a large room. After that, the material is painted and the finishing elements are processed with special liquids.

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Construction history

It cannot be ruled out that the development modern technologies gave impetus to the use of various alternative materials for construction. But still, most motorists who build a garage with their own hands prefer a brick garage. The main explanation is the excellent characteristics of bricks that have been tested for centuries: reliability, durability and strength.

The problem of car storage has aggravated since Soviet Union when the Volga Automobile Plant began to work.

Before purchasing materials for the construction of a garage, it is necessary to determine its size. Alternatively, your household has one passenger car. Acceptable garage dimensions in this case are 3.5x5.5 m.

Even taking into account the fact that cars were practically not sold, the number of their owners increased. The garage cooperatives that existed at that time could not meet the requirements of all car lovers. Therefore, the owners of four wheels often built the garage themselves, and, as a rule, from brick.

Why do many people choose brick as the main material for building a garage with their own hands, because a metal garage is cheaper, and it has more mobility? The thing is that a garage built of brick is highly reliable and durable. In addition, a brick garage, from a legal point of view, is a full-fledged real estate, which means that it can be sold or bequeathed. Plus, such a garage can be equipped for a more comfortable stay in it.

List of tools and materials

So, now it's time to figure out what you need when building a garage with your own hands. Let's look at the tools first:

The scheme of ventilation in the garage, in the presence of an attic.

Of the materials for the construction of the garage, of course, you will need brick, as well as concrete and sand. Before buying materials, it is recommended to calculate their required quantity.

Construction stages

So, you decided to build a garage with your own hands. Many people have a question: where to start?

The first thing to do is to calculate the number of bricks. needed to build a garage. This is done quite simply. You just need to remember the school geometry and the fact that the brick has the shape of a parallelepiped, after which you can easily calculate the volume of each. This will help you save costs. It is also necessary to calculate the amount of sand. There are many services on the Internet that will help you in this matter, or you can take the help of experts.

Scheme of a brick garage: A - general form and facade, B – side view, C – optimal dimensions garage.

After you have successfully calculated the amount of materials, you can proceed to the construction itself. But it is worth remembering that even with independent construction, sometimes you will have to turn to experts. This will help you avoid irreparable deformations of the garage in the future.

It will not be a secret that construction must begin from the foundation. To do this, it is necessary to carry out work on the territory to establish the depth of the aquifer, as well as the level of soil freezing.

When building a garage with their own hands, they often use a monolithic foundation. Such a process requires maximum attention. The "sole" must be poured without interruption. In the event that concrete work has been stopped for more than six hours, its continuation is strictly prohibited until the mortar has hardened (approximately 7 days). It is worth remembering that in this case a seam will appear on the monolith, which will be the weakness of your foundation.

The next stage, after the foundation has been built, is the erection of walls. At this stage, questions and difficulties often arise. Therefore, further we will talk about laying bricks.

The first thing to do is to level the base using a level. After that, the amount of material and interchange is planned. To do this, all the bricks are first laid out without mortar in order to find non-standard bricks or those that have broken. If bricks of a non-standard shape are required, then they can only be cut with a grinder, using a stone disc.

The scheme of the gable roof of the garage consists of a system of rafters, battens.

Mortar is used to bind bricks together. A cement mixture is perfect: water + sand + cement. Sometimes, for a more attractive look, dyes are added to the cement to tint it to match the color of the brick used.

The first row of bricks is laid out simply, and the rest are laid out only after the corners have been set. That is, the beginning of each masonry are corner joints. After that, a thread is pulled between the corners so that the bricks stand in level.

When doing such work with your own hands, it is worth remembering that in order to achieve the most durable structure, you must:

• Correctly lay each brick, distributing the load evenly over the entire area;
• Follow the same masonry pattern. For beginners, the multi-row scheme is considered the most convenient (five or six spoon rows for each row);
• Ensure that only a high-quality solution is used;
• Make sure that there are no thick seams;
• Reinforcement. It is carried out so that the walls are more durable. It is recommended to reinforce the wall with metal structures every four or five rows.

Scheme shed roof garage

After the walls have been built, you can start building the roof. Experts believe that the best option would be a gable roof. In addition to the fact that it provides high-quality protection against various kinds of precipitation, it can be equipped under the attic, which will come in handy more than once.

Roof construction is a crucial stage in the construction of a garage with your own hands. It is necessary to calculate as clearly as possible the main parameters, the shapes of which are determined by the oblique angle, the length of the rafters and their the right step. After the roof has been built, it must be insulated and waterproofed.

The roof is built, you can proceed to the last stage of building a brick garage - Finishing work. Here you can already give free rein to the flight of fancy and spend them the way you want. But do not forget that during finishing work it is also necessary to insulate the garage, since bricks do not have the highest heat saving rates.

After the finishing work is done, you proudly declare that you have built a brick garage and you can drive your car into it.

Many car owners would like to build a garage. And this is not surprising, because if you leave your transport under a canopy or just in the yard, it will not be protected from weather conditions or hooligans who can damage it or, in the worst case, steal it. This is a guarantee that your "iron horse" will be safe and sound. Moreover, in the garage you can spend repair work and car maintenance, so the building itself should be spacious, well-equipped, comfortable and, if necessary, warm to protect you and the car from bad weather. If you bought a house without a garage, or if you didn’t make one during the construction of your home, then you can fix everything by building it yourself. Most often, brick is used for construction, which is popular due to its fire safety, strength and resistance to biological decomposition. If you are a car owner who wants to make a “home” for him, from this article you can learn how to build a brick garage with your own hands .

Types of garages

Before you start building your garage, you need to decide on its type. How many cars will be in it - one or two. All designs are divided into types. It depends on where and how they are placed. Below are the three types of garages:

• attached to the house;
• built into the house;
• separate building.

Garage attached to house

The garages attached to the dwelling are very convenient, since you can enter them not only from the front, but also from the side, right from the house. They are heated together with the house, as they have a common power supply and water supply system.

The garage built into the house is done on initial stage building a house. But such a garage has its advantages: it is convenient, since you can get into it right away from home, and such a design does not require additional laying of communications.

Detached garage

A separate building is the most common option in our area. Such a garage must be built as a separate building with its own communications: heating, electrical network and water supply (if needed). It is better to place such buildings near the exit from the yard. The best option- build a garage in line with the fence, at the level of the site, so that the gate goes straight to the street.

Since they mainly choose a separate building, let's look at how to build such a garage yourself in several stages.

The first stage of construction - the project of the garage

Any construction project, be it a house, a bathhouse or a garage, begins with planning. A project is not always a huge roll of paper with detailed drawings. You must see and imagine what needs to be built and how. Therefore, you can even take an ordinary sheet from a notebook and first draw a future building, so that you can further focus on something.

The first thing to consider when designing is the tasks that the building must solve. Will it be used only as a car park, or will you inspect the car and make repairs there? Do you need a cellar or a viewing hole? Will there be an attic? All this must be taken into account and transferred to paper.

The second point is the size of the future building. Again, the dimensions should be chosen based on the area where the garage will be built, as well as depending on the tasks for which it is needed. Let's say you only need to store your car. Then the size of the garage 3 × 5.5 m will be just right (of course, if you do not have a truck). If you plan to make a viewing hole, cellar or install optional equipment, then the dimensions will be different.

The second stage of construction - marking the area

After the drawing of the future garage is made, all this must be transferred to the construction site. For this you will need:

1. Long rope or nylon cord, 30–40 m.
2. A dozen pegs about 40 cm in size.
3. Hammer or sledgehammer.
4. Tape measure at least 5 m.

Having prepared all the tools, it is necessary to clear the place for construction. Focusing on the drawings, drive in the pegs in the corners of the future building, adhering to the indicated dimensions. Connect them with a rope or cord. Thus, you have prepared the foundation. for the next phase of garage construction, which will serve as a guide.

The third stage of construction - earthworks

So, based on the markings on the soil, it is necessary to dig a trench for pouring the foundation. This can be done manually by yourself or with a friend using a shovel. If the project provides for a cellar or pit, it will be quite difficult to do this without an excavator.

For a garage, a regular strip foundation is suitable. Its width should be at least 40 cm. And depending on the depth to which the soil freezes, the depth of the foundation can vary from 60 cm to 120 cm. The average depth optimal for a garage is 100 cm. Based on these dimensions, you should dig a trench. Make sure the walls are vertical and even. The bottom should not be loose. To improve the quality of the foundation, you can make a five-centimeter pillow of crushed stone or sand at the bottom by ramming it.

The fourth stage of construction - pouring the foundation

Pouring the foundation of the garage

A simple and inexpensive type of foundation that can be used is a rubble concrete foundation. It is quite simple to make it: rubble stone is laid in the prepared trench, and each row is poured with cement mortar until the trench is completely filled. It is known that the stronger the foundation, the longer the building will stand. The degree of shrinkage of the building and the likelihood of cracks also depend on it. That is why you need to choose high-quality materials for the solution.

You can make your own garage door. Most often they are installed on the foundation, and then covered with bricks. If the garage is heated, then the gate must be insulated.

To make a mortar, you need high-grade cement, sand, a plasticizer and water. The solution should be kneaded in a concrete mixer. For 1 bucket of cement, 2.5 buckets of sand are needed. Water is added until the desired consistency is obtained.

To fill the foundation, you can use a regular mortar with gravel without the use of rubble stones. In this case, more mortar will be required, and a reinforced mesh should be installed in the trench.

If the ground is hard, formwork is needed only in the ground part to make a base. It can be made from boards, exposing everything according to the level. To prevent the cement from spreading, do not allow gaps and holes in the formwork. It also needs to be reinforced with braces. The pouring of the foundation should be carried out in several layers, and not partially in some areas. After pouring, you need to expel the air from it and tamp it, and at the end level it with a trowel. The cement will dry in a week, but you should start laying walls no earlier than a month later.

Now you need to protect the base from water ingress by doing waterproofing work. To do this, lay 1-2 layers of roofing material on the base. It can also be covered with bitumen. Thanks to this, the walls will not absorb moisture from the ground, and the foundation will not collapse.

Fifth stage of construction - masonry walls

Once the foundation is completely dry, you can start building brick walls. They can be made in 1 brick in areas with a warm climate, and in 1.5 bricks where it is cold to insulate the garage. When working, it is important to follow three rules:

1. Avoid distortion. The laying must be perfectly flat.
2. Choose a brick laying pattern and stick to it to the very end.
3. Mix the solution correctly. It should be the same throughout the masonry. If you have chosen the ideal proportion - 3 to 1 (sand, cement), then the solution should be like that all the time.
4. Keep an eye on the thickness of the joint, which should be the same, no more than 1 cm. You can use a sample in the form of a 8 mm rail when you expose each brick.

For work you will need:

• building level;
• plumb;
• lace or fishing line;
• Master OK;
• bricks;
• pick;
• large capacity for mixing the solution;
• buckets;
• shovel.

As always, you need to build walls in chain masonry so that one row overlaps the seams of another row. It is necessary to start laying bricks from the corners. To begin with, lay out the corners of the brick so that everything is perfectly even, using the building level. Then stretch the cord or fishing line between the corners so that it is flush with the top of the brick. It is important that the rope does not sag and is evenly stretched.

Now you can start laying. From the corners, place new bricks, adjusting them to the level of the fishing line with a trowel handle or a pickaxe. After the rows around the perimeter are laid out, raise the corners, tighten the cord and continue working. Pay special attention to corners. To check the verticality of the walls, use a plumb line and a level.

If shelves are installed in the garage. then think about their location in advance.

If the roof is shed, then it is important to provide an appropriate slope for water flow. Given this, the end walls must be made of different heights, and the upper edge of the walls, which is on the sides, with a slope. If your garage is 6 m long, a slope of 30 cm will be enough. To do this, a slope of 5 cm is made for every 1 m. To keep everything even, you can use a stretched cord.

The sixth stage of construction - roofing

Shed garage roof

Shed roof - simple and inexpensive. For its device, you will need wooden beams with a section of 100-120 mm. Thanks to them, it is possible to ensure the overlap of the garage. 6 m long. The length of the beams is selected depending on the width of the garage, but they should be 20–25 cm longer. They must be laid across the garage, in 80 cm increments. The beams must follow the slope of the walls. You can fix them directly to the wall of the garage.

Then boards 40 mm thick are laid on the beams, shifting them as tightly as possible. After that, they are nailed to the beams so that large gaps do not form. The next step is waterproofing. A layer of roofing material is laid from the bottom up on top of the boards so that an overlap of the lower layer of several centimeters is formed. Thus, water will not fall on the boards, but will be able to freely slide down. The ruberoid is fixed with nails.

After that, roofing material is laid on the wooden flooring. His choice is great:

• corrugated board is resistant to precipitation, and relatively inexpensive;
• slate, a time-tested material that is easy to install, but it lasts a long time and looks good;
• metal tile or shingles suitable for large and medium garages;
• seam roofing, reliable and easy-to-install sheet metal material.

The seventh stage of construction - pouring the floor

Concrete base and self-leveling floor - the main types of flooring in the garage. To make a concrete floor, it is necessary to remove the top layer of soil and compact the site with sand, a layer of 10 cm. In order for the water that enters the garage to flow out of it, you need to withstand a slope of 2–3˚ to the gate. After tamping, lay waterproofing material(roofing material most best option) and do concrete screed 10–15 cm thick.

The floor of the garage must withstand heavy loads and be strong enough. To increase the durability and strength of the base, the floor is additionally robbed reinforced mesh. The brand of concrete must also be high.

But concrete is not the only option for pouring the floor. In some cases, they are made from wood. but more often resort to a cement screed. To complete it, the site is covered with small and large gravel. Then it is well compacted and the cement mortar is poured in 2 stages. The first layer, which is 4–5 cm thick, must be poured immediately. A few days later, the second layer is poured, the thickness of which is 2–3 cm. It should be more liquid. After that, the floor is leveled and waiting for drying.

Today, self-leveling floor compounds have become very popular. The second layer of filling can be made from this mixture. The finished floor is painted as desired.

Also in the garage you can make a self-leveling floor. The resulting durable coating does not need to be painted.

Screed floor in garage

Outside, it is necessary to make a blind area of ​​50 cm. It is done in the same way as the floor inside, only its thickness can be 4–5 cm, this is quite enough. Since the blind area serves to drain the liquid, it must be done at a slope.

Beautiful brick house with garage

Wiring must be done before plastering.

That's all. If desired, the garage can be plastered and whitewashed, or simply rub the walls with a cement mortar. Now the "home" for your vehicle is ready.

This video will help you to correctly lay the walls of facing bricks:

Installation of a metal gate frame

Brick garage with attic

Clad brick garage

flat roof garage

Brick garages in a car cooperative

A good foundation has not been made for this garage.

How to build a brick garage with your own hands

The modern market constantly offers a lot of new and interesting materials. But there is one that will always be out of competition - this is a brick. You can be sure that any building built from it will stand for more than one century. That is why any car owner will prefer to build a brick garage. However, such construction is not an easy process. You can start it only with specialized knowledge.

What exactly will your garage look like?

brick garage drawing

The construction of a brick garage begins with its design. Here you need to rely on the dimensions that the land allows.

• will there be a cellar;
• whether a viewing hole is needed.

technical standards of a brick garage

building permit for a garage

Where do we start?

Only after agreement can you start building a brick garage with your own hands. To make it clear how this event should take place correctly, you need to study the stages of its work. The whole process implies the following sequential algorithm of work:

1. Roof construction.

Preparing for the process

start building a garage

foundation for garage

The foundation is poured according to the following scheme:

1. You can pour concrete.

garage wall construction

• compliance with the thickness of the seams;
• carry out reinforcement.

Reliable roof

garage roof diagram

• skate height;
• tilt angle;
• length at the rafters;
• step at the rafters;
• waterproofing;
• warming.

Let's do it nicely!

Pleasure on a penny

What will be the cost of building a brick garage? This issue needs to be clarified at the design stage. Here you need to proceed from the calculation of how many bricks are needed in this case. In this case, you can do the following step by step:

1. Determine the volume that the solid garage walls will have. Summing up the number obtained from each wall (we multiply the height, thickness and width indicators by each other), together we will get the desired number.
2. Determine the volume of one brick. In relation to the standard, this figure is usually equal to 0.00195 cubic meters.
3. Find the total number of bricks (divide the volume of all walls by the volume of one brick).
4. The estimate for a brick garage necessarily provides for a brick for additional costs (approximately 5% of the stock).

Usually when standard sizes garage for the material machine is obtained about 7300 units. Thus, the cost of building a brick garage will be approximately $4,000. In any case, it is one and a half times cheaper than ordering the same work from outside specialists.

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The versatility of a brick garage

• The possibility of carrying out repair work in a brick garage.
• Warehouse for storing homemade vegetables and other products.
• Reliable car parking.

Therefore, a brick garage can be called a second home.

Varieties of garages

Garage structures can be:

• attached to the house. Convenience lies in the ability to enter from home. They also have common communications with the house (heating).
• built into the house. It is important to emphasize that the garage is planned before the construction of the house itself.
• independent construction - one of the most common, built with the necessary communications.

Stages of building a garage

To answer the question of how to build a brick garage, you must refer to the following instructions. Its observance is mandatory for a brick garage.

The following steps must be followed to build a brick garage with your own hands.

Create a garage project

Suitable for any type of building. At this stage, the future garage, its details and trifles are thought through. The ideas themselves are transferred to a sheet of paper in the form of a drawing.

Steps to take before building a garage:

• decide on the view;
• take into account the amount of space required and plan future sizes;
• resolve issues with communications (water, heating);
• identify additional structures (cellar);
• purchase necessary materials and tools.

Garage location

Important! There must be a road nearby to ensure the passage of the car.

For markup you need:

• long rope (40 m);
• pegs (quantity - 10 pieces of 40 cm each);
• a hammer;
• tape measure (minimum 5 m).

Be sure to clear the area of ​​debris, create a clean surface. Using the drawing, it is necessary to mark the area with the help of a peg and a rope.

Excavation

First you need to dig the ground under the foundation with a shovel. The width is not less than 40 cm, and the depth varies from 60 to 120 cm. Next, a trench is dug. To improve the quality of the foundation, a crushed stone pillow is placed on the bottom, pre-tamping.

On a note! If a cellar is provided, then the work of an excavator is necessary.

Foundation pouring

A solid foundation significantly increases the life of the garage. Therefore, you should seriously approach the choice of the foundation. It will also help avoid cracks and other irregularities.

A simple foundation - rubble concrete. A rubble stone is laid in the trench and filled with cement mortar until it is filled.

Solution

• cement;
• sand;
• plasticizer;
• water.

It is kneaded to the desired consistency in a concrete mixer at a ratio of 1 bucket of cement to 2.5 buckets of sand.

Directly filling is performed in several layers. It is necessary to expel the air and tamp. The laying of the walls is carried out not earlier than in a month.

Important! To protect the plinth from water, it is necessary to lay one layer of roofing material or cover it with bitumen. This will help keep the walls from absorbing moisture and prevent the structure from collapsing.

brick garage door

You can make your own garage door.

Actions:

• install on the foundation;
• overlay with bricks;
• insulate if necessary.

Wall laying

Any brick will do. Distinguish: ordinary corpulent, porous or hollow. Wall thickness: from 0.5 to 3 bricks. To specifically determine the thickness, you need to know:

• Maximum gust of wind. 1 brick thickness can withstand 15m/s wind. It is advisable to make such a brick if the garage is high. For example, the presence of the second floor.
• Minimum temperature. If below - 20 degrees, then the minimum thickness is one and a half bricks.

Number of bricks

The following is taken into account:

• the volume of long and short walls;
• gates;
• Door;
• window.

In this case, the volume of gates, doors and windows must be subtracted from the total volume of the walls.

For laying walls, it is necessary: ​​the presence of a plumb line, cord, trowel, brick, bucket, shovel, mixing container and building level.

For a solid construction, the following rules must be observed:

• Choose a single brick laying scheme.
• Properly dilute the solution. The optimal proportion is 3:1 (sand:cement).
• Laying must be carried out horizontally and without distortions. The load should be distributed over the entire surface of the brick, then the formation of cracks and irregularities is not terrible.
• Avoid matching the seams of the upper bricks with those below. To do this, each subsequent row must be shifted half a brick to the side.
• The ideal seam thickness is no more than 1 cm.
• For a warm garage, laying should be done in one and a half bricks.
• To check the verticality of the walls, use a plumb line and a level.

Advice! Use the rail as a reference when setting up the brick.

Stages of laying brick walls:

• For waterproofing, install roofing material.
• To create corners, lay out in several rows.
• Set orders.
• Pull the cord (should not sag), which will control the masonry.
• Lay out the outer verst.
• Finish with internal layout and backfill.

Warming

It is also worth paying attention to the insulation of the garage. There are two main ways:

• Styrofoam (for external insulation). It is glued to the wall, reinforced with mesh and covered with plaster.
• mineral wool (for internal insulation). Created wooden frame, and put cotton wool between it. After they are sheathed with clapboard or slabs.

Roof device

If the construction of a brick garage occurs as an extension to the house, then you should buy the same material. A simple pent roof option. Beams are required for its installation. Their length is selected depending on the garage. They are laid across the garage structure, must repeat the slope of the walls. Mounted directly to the wall of the garage. Next, the boards are laid on the beams, they are nailed. In this case, cracks should not form, so you need to nail as tightly as possible. After laying a layer of roofing material on top of the boards and fix with nails. So the water will not penetrate, and will roll down. Completes the stage - roofing material.

Facing material is of the following types:

• corrugated board (resistant to precipitation, inexpensive);
• slate (easy to install, long service life guaranteed);
• seam roof (reliable material);
• shingles (great for medium to large garages).

The note! Don't forget to insulate the ceiling.

Pouring floors

The main type of floor device is a concrete base. To do this, it is necessary to remove a layer of soil, and compact it with sand (a slope of 2 degrees to the gate). For waterproofing, lay roofing material and concrete screed (thickness 15 cm). You need to remember the purpose of the floor. It must be resistant to stress and be durable. Therefore, you can additionally impose a reinforced mesh.

There are special mixtures that level the floor. Therefore, the second layer can be used them. After the floor is ready for painting.

You can not do without finishing (internal and external). The most commonly used plaster.

Know! Electricity should be carried out before finishing work.

Do-it-yourself garage construction time is about 3 months. And the main question - how much does it cost to build a garage? There is no single answer. It all depends on the area, garage materials and related elements. An average of 75,000 rubles.

Having covered the process of building a brick garage, its advantages should be noted.

• Structural strength and reliability.
• Long service life of materials.
• Resistance to moisture and fire.
• Affordable price.
• Possibility to create your own design.
• Possibility to extend the structure.

Garage - a guaranteed result for a long time!

vseogarage.ru

What exactly will your garage look like?

buildingbrick garage starts with its design. Here you need to rely on the dimensions that the land allows.

Before proceeding with the drawings and development of this idea, you need to consider that garages are of the following types:

1. Detached, which will occupy a plot area of ​​​​about 30 sq.m.
2. Adjacent to residential building will occupy a site that is smaller in area than the previous one. It happens that two neighbors connect such buildings with a vestibule.
3. Built-in garage spaces will save much less space, since in this case a garage is allocated for this type in the basement or basement of the building.

Before you start building a brick garage, you should find out other important points, namely:

• the presence of an attic in it;
• the presence of a combined workshop in the room;
• how many cars are planned to be put there;
• will there be a cellar;
• whether a viewing hole is needed.

All these data should reflect a correctly drawn up drawing of a brick garage. When compiling it, you need to rely on the prescribed norms and standards.

Technical standards for the construction of a brick garage

There are the following norms of SNiP, which describe minimum requirements to these facilities:

1. The distance between and the wall should not exceed 0.7 meters.
2. There should be about half a meter in front of the front and rear of the car.
3. As for the height, here you need to proceed from the parameters of the car itself. In general, it should be two and a half meters. And the truck should proceed from the height of the body.

No less important is the thickness of the walls to be laid for the construction of a brick garage. But such data is changeable: they will be determined based on the climate in the region. If we call universal indicators, then they include a thickness of one and a half one building element.

Building a brick garage: how to get permission

Like any other building that will stand for decades, it will require a special permit from the authorities. It doesn’t matter whether you build a brick garage with your own hands on leased lands or on those that you own directly (but permission from the city authorities is a document that must be on hand).

This requirement is not so much a tribute to the bureaucracy as a check for compliance with all norms. In the future, such a document will make it possible to make various kinds of transactions with the building.

In order for such a permit to be in hand, it will be necessary to prepare the following relevant documents:

1. Application (indicating the exact address of residence).
2. Lease agreement (demonstrating ownership of the land).
3. Your project (with a mark of the local bureau of architecture).

Where do we start?

Only after agreement can you start building a brick garage with your own hands . To make it clear how this event should take place correctly, you need to study the stages of its work. The whole process implies the following sequential algorithm of work:

1. Preparation of the necessary tools and materials.
2. Foundation for a brick garage.
3. Roof construction.
4. Final finishing work.

Preparing for the process

In the question of how to build a brick garage, it is necessary to take into account what it will be built from. In order to build such a structure, we need the following sources:

• brick (preferably silicate);
• cement;
• reinforcement reinforcement;
• a mixture of sand and gravel;
• ruberoid;
• concrete;
• corrugated board;
• gate array;
• window openings if necessary;
• wood.

Foundation for a brick garage: basic rules for construction

It is this base part that will be the basis, which will determine all further strength of the structure. In order to properly carry out the work in this case, you first need to find out what is the depth of soil freezing in your area. It is from this that the further depth of the trench will depend. In a shallow foundation, strong temperature fluctuations (frosts, and then thaws) will lead to its further shifts and disturbances. But when a building loses its support, there is nothing good in it.
The foundation is poured according to the following scheme:

1. Trenches are being dug around the entire future perimeter. The depth of each should be at least 40 cm.
2. At the very bottom, a lining of crushed stone sand with a thickness of 10 to 20 cm is placed and then compacted. This layer should not be compressed.
3. Formwork is made of chipboard, plywood or even thick cardboard. This is necessary to give the concrete the desired shape.
4. Now you need to lay inside the strapping of metal rods. The reinforcement is fixed by tying with a rigid wire. Even better would be welding.
5. You can pour concrete.
6. A week later, the foundation is ready for use.

It is best that during the drying period, the foundation is regularly wetted and covered with a tarp.

The method of manufacturing a solid slab foundation in this article.

How to build a brick garage: building walls

The second important stage is the laying out of rows, which will subsequently turn into walls. Here you need to adhere to the following clear requirements:

• laying waterproofing (roofing material);
• correctly orient each of the individual elements;
• meet the requirements for proper masonry;
• use the correct solution;
• compliance with the thickness of the seams;
• carry out reinforcement.

In order to build rows according to all the rules, it is best to use the following sequence: 5 spoon rows are given for one row. This masonry is more economical and lighter than single-row.
A high-quality mortar will also not be difficult to prepare: if a ceramic brick is chosen, then it is best to make the ratio of cement to sand in proportions of 1: 3. If hollow samples are used, then a more liquid consistency of 1: 4 can be made.
If we talk about the thickness of the seam, then it is better not to exceed more than 10 mm. As for reinforcement, we can say this: every 4 rows, the wall needs to be “strengthened”: lay a reinforcement bar in a horizontal seam. Vertically, only corners and bulges are strengthened in this way.

Reliable roof

If the garage is separate, then it is best to build for it gable roof. This design will perfectly cope with protection from many atmospheric phenomena. In addition, in such a case, you can make a separate attic.
Despite the simplicity of work, here you need to consider:

• skate height;
• tilt angle;
• length at the rafters;
• step at the rafters;
• waterproofing;
• warming.

As for the last point, there may be errors such as improper installation of a heat insulator. Be sure to supply an air gap.

Let's do it nicely!

At the last stage of finishing, everything depends on the imagination of the car owner. It is important to take into account the fact that the building will shrink for the first couple of years. That is why you should not use ceramic tiles for such work - it will be non-plastic.
The estimate for the construction of a garage must necessarily include the cost of electricity and, of course, the mandatory organization of ventilation. The latter must be foreseen in advance at the design stage, so as not to break through the finished walls.

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Place to build a garage

The question of where to build a garage should be taken responsibly and seriously. Experts in the construction industry recommend installing a garage on the side of the road, so that you can easily drive a car directly from the yard, simply by opening the gate for this. And already in front of the garage itself, it is worth making a small area paved with tiles or asphalt for a comfortable check-in. Optimal in terms of security is the option in which the garage is an extension to the main house. This makes it possible to enter the garage, bypassing the street.

When installing a garage, you should take care of the right lighting equipment. It is worth installing lamps in the garage that have motion sensors.

Foundation

It is necessary to prepare a place for construction, that is, remove all debris and level the surface. After bringing the surface into proper form, you can proceed to the construction of the foundation.

1. Initially, you need to mark the territory with the help of pegs and ropes.
2. After that, we dig a trench and equip the so-called drainage layer.
3. We lay the associated reinforcement, and then pour the concrete directly.
4. We leave the foundation for a few days.

Creating a plinth

The task of the garage basement is to further protect the garage from cold, moisture and other weather troubles. It is recommended to make it about two rows of bricks high.

Brick laying should be carried out directly on the cement mortar. The main requirement for the construction of the basement is evenness. Usually, a building level is used to align the plane. If there is a desire, the erected plinth can be decorated with either plaster or siding.

Wall masonry

In order for the structure to be durable, it is necessary to carry out the laying of brick walls in accordance with all the rules. There are two such rules:

1. Wall laying must be carried out strictly horizontally. In the event of any deviations in the future, problems such as cracks, shrinkage and other troubles may occur. The reason is that the entire load must be distributed over the entire surface of the brick.
2. The seams of the top bricks should not match those below. Therefore, each next row is shifted a distance of half a brick to the side.

Note! To create a warm garage, it is necessary to lay one and a half bricks thick, and after laying, insulate and plaster. The mortar itself must be made using sand and cement, which are taken in a ratio of three to one, respectively.

Stages of work on laying brick walls:

• For the implementation of waterproofing on the plinth, it is necessary to install roofing material;
• To create the corners of the garage, we lay out several rows;
• We establish orders;
• We pull the cord to control the masonry;
• We lay out the outer verst,
• And the finishing touches in the form of internal layout and backfilling.

Floor

Initially, the floor is filled with ordinary mortar concrete. When the surface of the ground under the garage is well leveled and there is no overhead groundwater, a concrete floor is the most suitable.

1. We remove the top layer of soil about 80 or slightly more centimeters.
2. We fall asleep gravel with sand.
3. Then we fill in the “rough floor”, which is created using a special metal mesh.
4. When the solution hardens, we take measures to warm the floor, using a 5-centimeter layer of expanded polystyrene as a heater.
5. The last one is the finish line. After it is done, you can start painting the floor.

Roof

The next stage in construction is the roof. This stage has its own sequence of work:

1. Construction of the truss system.
2. Waterproofing works.
3. Installation of roofing material on the roof.
4. Steam and thermal insulation.
5. Facing the finished roof from its inside.

Roofing material should be chosen similar to that used for your country house to maintain overall harmony. In addition to the brick garage, you can attach a polycarbonate canopy.

Gate installation

For a garage, both retractable and swing gates. First you need to weld the door frame to the garage slopes. This must be done clearly in level, so that there are no distortions in the structure. Next, we weld hinges to the frame, it is already possible to plant gates on them, made from a frame that is sheathed with sheets of metal. Recall that the gate should be insulated with polystyrene foam.

It is worth preparing well theoretically before starting independent work building a garage.

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To build a garage means to ensure the reliability of your car and open up new opportunities. To make brick, you should stock up quality materials and observe the construction phases. Then the constructed structure will turn out to be strong and reliable.

• The possibility of carrying out repair work in a brick garage.
• Warehouse for storing homemade vegetables and other products.
• Reliable car parking.

Therefore, a brick garage can be called a second home.

Varieties of garages

Garage structures can be:

• . Convenience lies in the ability to enter from home. They also have common communications with the house (heating).
• built into the house. It is important to emphasize that the garage is planned before the construction of the house itself.
• independent construction - one of the most common, built with the necessary communications.

Stages of building a garage

To answer the question of how to build a brick garage, you must refer to the following instructions. Its observance is mandatory for a brick garage.

The following steps must be followed to build a brick garage with your own hands.

Create a garage project

Suitable for any type of building. At this stage, the future garage, its details and trifles are thought through. The ideas themselves are transferred to a sheet of paper in the form of a drawing.

Steps to take before building a garage:

• decide on the view;
• take into account the amount of space required and plan future sizes;
• resolve issues with communications (water, heating);
• identify additional structures (cellar);
• purchase the necessary materials and tools.

Garage location

Important! There must be a road nearby to ensure the passage of the car.

For markup you need:

• long rope (40 m);
• pegs (quantity - 10 pieces of 40 cm each);
• a hammer;
• tape measure (minimum 5 m).

Be sure to clear the area of ​​debris, create a clean surface. Using the drawing, it is necessary to mark the area with the help of a peg and a rope.

Excavation

First you need to dig the ground under the foundation with a shovel. The width is not less than 40 cm, and the depth varies from 60 to 120 cm. Next, a trench is dug. To improve the quality of the foundation, a crushed stone pillow is placed on the bottom, pre-tamping.

On a note! If a cellar is provided, then the work of an excavator is necessary.

Foundation pouring

A solid foundation significantly increases the life of the garage. Therefore, you should seriously approach the choice of the foundation. It will also help avoid cracks and other irregularities.

A simple foundation - rubble concrete. A rubble stone is laid in the trench and filled with cement mortar until it is filled.

Solution

• cement;
• sand;
• plasticizer;
• water.

It is kneaded to the desired consistency in a concrete mixer at a ratio of 1 bucket of cement to 2.5 buckets of sand.

Directly filling is performed in several layers. It is necessary to expel the air and tamp. The laying of the walls is carried out not earlier than in a month.

Important! To protect the plinth from water, it is necessary to lay one layer of roofing material or cover it with bitumen. This will help keep the walls from absorbing moisture and prevent the structure from collapsing.

brick garage door

You can make your own garage door.

Actions:

• install on the foundation;
• overlay with bricks;
• insulate if necessary.

Any brick will do. Distinguish: ordinary corpulent, porous or hollow. Wall thickness: from 0.5 to 3 bricks. To specifically determine the thickness, you need to know:

• Maximum gust of wind. 1 brick thickness can withstand 15m/s wind. It is advisable to make such a brick if the garage is high. For example, the presence of the second floor.
• Minimum temperature. If below - 20 degrees, then the minimum thickness is one and a half bricks.

Number of bricks

The following is taken into account:

• the volume of long and short walls;
• gates;
• Door;
• window.

In this case, the volume of gates, doors and windows must be subtracted from the total volume of the walls.

For laying walls, it is necessary: ​​the presence of a plumb line, cord, trowel, brick, bucket, shovel, mixing container and building level.

For a solid construction, the following rules must be observed:

• Choose a single brick laying scheme.
• Properly dilute the solution. The optimal proportion is 3:1 (sand:cement).
• Laying must be carried out horizontally and without distortions. The load should be distributed over the entire surface of the brick, then the formation of cracks and irregularities is not terrible.
• Avoid matching the seams of the upper bricks with those below. To do this, each subsequent row must be shifted half a brick to the side.
• The ideal seam thickness is no more than 1 cm.
• For a warm garage, laying should be done in one and a half bricks.
• To check the verticality of the walls, use a plumb line and a level.

Advice! Use the rail as a reference when setting up the brick.

Stages of laying brick walls:

• For waterproofing, install roofing material.
• To create corners, lay out in several rows.
• Set orders.
• Pull the cord (should not sag), which will control the masonry.
• Lay out the outer verst.
• Finish with internal layout and backfill.

Warming

It is also worth paying attention to the insulation of the garage. There are two main ways:

• Styrofoam (for external insulation). It is glued to the wall, reinforced with mesh and covered with plaster.
• Mineral wool (for internal insulation). A wooden frame is created, and cotton wool is laid between it. After they are sheathed with clapboard or slabs.

Roof device

If the construction of a brick garage occurs as an extension to the house, then you should buy the same material. A simple pent roof option. Beams are required for its installation. Their length is selected depending on the garage. They are laid across the garage structure, must repeat the slope of the walls. Mounted directly to the wall of the garage. Next, the boards are laid on the beams, they are nailed. In this case, cracks should not form, so you need to nail as tightly as possible. After laying a layer of roofing material on top of the boards and fix with nails. So the water will not penetrate, and will roll down. Completes the stage - roofing material.

Facing material is of the following types:

• corrugated board (resistant to precipitation, inexpensive);
• slate (easy to install, long service life guaranteed);
• seam roof (reliable material);
• shingles (great for medium to large garages).

The note! Don't forget to insulate the ceiling.

Pouring floors

The main type of floor device is a concrete base. To do this, it is necessary to remove a layer of soil, and compact it with sand (a slope of 2 degrees to the gate). For waterproofing, lay roofing material and concrete screed (thickness 15 cm). You need to remember the purpose of the floor. It must be resistant to stress and be durable. Therefore, you can additionally impose a reinforced mesh.

There are special mixtures that level the floor. Therefore, the second layer can be used them. After the floor is ready for painting.

You can not do without finishing (internal and external). The most commonly used plaster.

Know! Electricity should be carried out before finishing work.

Do-it-yourself garage construction time is about 3 months. And the main question - how much does it cost to build a garage? There is no single answer. It all depends on the area, garage materials and related elements. An average of 75,000 rubles.

Having covered the process of building a brick garage, its advantages should be noted.

• Structural strength and reliability.
• Long service life of materials.
• Resistance to moisture and fire.
• Affordable price.
• Possibility to create your own design.
• Possibility to extend the structure.

Garage - a guaranteed result for a long time!